The Society for Range Management: Bridging gaps and setting directions

The Society for Range Management and the profession of rangeland ecology were founded about 80 years ago to bring scientific information to the management of rangelands. Sustaining a strong connection between science and management set the foundation for the rangeland profession, though this connection has been challenging to sustain. An era of collaborative research and conservation has fueled projects that include a diversity of individuals and organizations and confirm the importance of information from both experimentation and experience. Successfully addressing contemporary challenges to rangelands will depend on old-fashioned actions like conversation, a commitment to rangelands communities and landscapes, and engaging a wide variety of backgrounds and experiences to find solutions.The Rangelands archives are made available by the Society for Range Management and the University of Arizona Libraries. Contact [email protected] for further information

Calibrating fecal NIRS equations for predicting botanical composition of diets

The objectives of this study were to investigate the use of near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) of fecal samples for predicting the percentage of mountain big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata Nutt. ssvaseyana (Rydb) Beetle) in sheep diets and to quantify the limitations of using NIRS of fecal samples to predict diet composition. Fecal material from a sheep feeding trial with known levels of sagebrush and several background forages was used to develop fecal NIRS calibration equations validated with fecal material from 2 other sheep feeding trials with known levels of sagebrush in the diets. The 1996 calibration trial varied the level of sagebrush, alfalfa, and grass hay in the diets. The 1998 trial compared frozen to air-dried sagebrush. The Wyoming trial was a metabolism study using frozen sagebrush. Trials used different levels of sagebrush varying from 0 to 30% of the diet in increments of 4 to 10 percentage points. Internal validation of the 1996 trial with a subset of the samples not used for calibration showed that when predicted samples are from the same population as the calibration samples, this procedure can accurately predict percent sagebrush (R2=0.96, SEP=1.6). However, when predicted samples were from a different population than calibration samples, accuracy was much less, but precision was not affected greatly. Low accuracy was caused by a compression of the range of data in the predicted values compared to the reference values, and the predicted sagebrush levels in the diet should be considered to represent an interval scale of measurement. Modified partial least squares regression resulted in better calibration than stepwise regression, and calibration data sets with only high, low, and no sagebrush resulted in calibrations almost as good as data sets with several intermediate levels of sagebrush. High values of the H statistic were related to low precision but did not affect the accuracy of predictions. We believe the interval scale of measurement will contain sufficient information for the purpose of addressing many questions on rangelands

Editors Choice from Rangeland Ecology and Management

The Rangelands archives are made available by the Society for Range Management and the University of Arizona Libraries. Contact [email protected] for further information

Padrões de deslocamento e permanência de bovinos em pastos de Brachiaria decumbens diferidos sob quatro estratégias de adubação Displacement and permanency patterns of grazing cattle on Brachiaria decumbens deferred under four fertilization strategies

Este trabalho foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar o padrão de deslocamento e a permanência de bovinos em pastos de Brachiaria decumbens diferidos por 95 dias sob quatro estratégias de aplicação de nitrogênio (0-0, 100-0, 50-50, 0-100 kg de N.ha-1) no início e no final do período chuvoso. Durante o período de utilização dos pastos diferidos, na estação seca, foram avaliadas a produção, algumas características estruturais da forragem e o padrão de deslocamento. Para avaliação dessas variáveis, foram aplicados dez testes de pastejo de 45 minutos utilizando-se quatro novilhos e, para avaliação de tempo de permanência, foram utilizados 14 novilhas da raça Girolanda, monitoradas a cada 10 minutos durante 24 horas. Pastos adubados com 100 kg de nitrogênio no final do período chuvoso apresentaram maiores massas de forragem total e de lâmina de folha, altura estendida, densidade volumétrica da forragem total, lâmina de folha e de colmo verde em todos os estratos estudados. Os índices de acamamento foram maiores para os pastos adubados no final do período chuvoso (0-100 e 50-50). As estratégias de adubação de 0-100 e 50-50 resultaram em maior número de estações alimentares e de passos por minuto, como consequência da maior dificuldade de seleção da forragem em maior grau de acamamento. Em contrapartida, o número de bocados por estação e por minuto foi menor nessas estratégias de adubação. O tempo de permanência foi maior para os pastos cuja estratégia de adubação foi a aplicação de 100 kg de N.ha-1 no final do período chuvoso (0-100). Pastos adubados próximo ao período de vedação alteram os padrões de deslocamento dos animais, em razão do maior acamamento das plantas, e isso faz com que os animais dediquem mais tempo a essa estrutura de maior densidade de lâminas de folhas.<br>This study was conducted to evaluate the displacement and permanency patterns of grazing cattle on Brachiaria decumbens deferred during 95 days under four strategies of nitrogen application (0-0, 0-100, 50-50, 100-0 kg N.ha-1), at the beginning and at the end of the rainy season. During the deferred period, in the dry season, forage yield, canopy structural characteristics, and displacement pattern were evaluated. Four steers were used in Ten grazing tests of 45 minutes and 14 heifers Girolanda, monitored every 10 minutes during 24 hours, were used to evaluate the permanency time. Pastures fertilized with 100 kg N at the end of the rainy season had higher herbage and leaf blade, sward surface height, extended leaf height, sward leaf blade bulk density and stem mass in all canopy layers. The lodging rates were higher for pastures fertilized at the end of the rainy season (0-100 and 50-50). More feeding stations and steps per minute were found in 0-100 and 50-50 fertilization strategies, due to greater difficulty in forage selection with higher degree of lodging. On the other hand, the numbers of bites per feeding station and per minute were lower for these strategies. The permanency time was greater on pastures where the fertilization was 100 kg N.ha-1 at the end of the rainy season (0-100). Fertilization close to sealing period modify the displacement pattern of animals because the higher plants lodging making the animals to spend more time on pasture with greater density of leaf blade