Consumo alimentar, perfil antropométrico e imagem corporal de bailarinas clássicas do Vale do São Francisco

Food consumption, anthropometric profile and body image of classic ballerinas from São FranciscoClassical ballet is a form of dance that requires good physical performance from the practitioners beyond the requirements for a slim and stylish body. Thus, food is an essential factor since it can determine body composition and physical fitness. The aims of this study were to assess dietary intake, anthropometric profile and body image among female ballet dancers. In a descriptive study, 18 dancers aged between 15 and 43 years were evaluated. These subjects were submitted to the kinanthropometric evaluation, completion of 24-hour food recall and body image evaluation with help of silhouette scales. Most of the dancers were eutrophic according BMI (88.9%) with adequate body fat percentage (94.4). High prevalence of dissatisfaction (77.8%) was verified in relation to body image and most of the sample showed desire to lose weight (71.4%). The food consumption evaluation showed low energy intake by 72.2% of the sample. On the other hand, it was observed that the macronutrient intake is adequate for most of them, as well as cholesterol and dietary fiber. There was a low intake of iron, calcium and potassium. However, the female ballet dancers studied showed risks for the development of nutritional deficiencies and body image distortion. Interventions are needed to prevent health hazards.O balé clássico é uma modalidade de dança que requer dos seus praticantes um bom desempenho físico, além das exigências por um corpo magro e elegante. Deste modo, a alimentação constitui um fator imprescindível, já que pode determinar a composição corporal e aptidão física. Os objetivos do presente trabalho consistiram em avaliar a ingestão alimentar, o perfil antropométrico e a imagem corporal de bailarinas clássicas. No estudo descritivo, foram avaliadas 18 bailarinas, com idades entre 15 e 43 anos. Estas foram submetidas a avaliação cineantropométrica, preenchimento de recordatório alimentar de 24 horas e avaliação da imagem corporal a partir de escalas de silhuetas. A maioria das bailarinas apresentou eutrofia quanto ao IMC (88,9%), e adequação do percentual de gordura corporal (94,4). Quanto à imagem corporal, houve elevada prevalência de insatisfação (77,8%), e a maioria apresentou desejo de emagrecer (71,4%). A verificação do consumo alimentar mostrou baixa ingestão energética por 72,2% da amostra. Por outro lado, foi observado que a ingestão de macronutrientes estava adequada para a maioria delas, assim como o colesterol e a fibra alimentar. Houve baixa ingestão de ferro, cálcio e potássio. Portanto, o grupo estudado apresenta riscos para o desenvolvimento de deficiências nutricionais e distorção da imagem corporal. Intervenções são necessárias para a prevenção de agravos a saúde.

POSTURAL PROFILE OF CLASSICAL BALLERINAS FROM THE VALE DO SÃO FRANCISCO REGION OF BRAZIL

ABSTRACT Objective: The study aimed to determine the association between postural changes and practice of classical ballet among ballerinas from Integrated Administrative Region of Development (RIDE) in Polo Petrolina/PE and Juazeiro/BA. Methods: Cross-sectional observational study with 19 classical ballerinas aged over 15 years and at least 5 years of uninterrupted classical ballet practice. The anthropometric assessment included measurements of total body mass, height and body mass index (BMI). Postural evaluation was performed using the photogrammetric method with help of Posturograma(r) and SAPO(c) software. Results: The mean age was 25.3±11.7 years and the mean BMI was 21.4±2.9 kg/m². Approximately 74% of classical ballerinas had normal anthropometric profile. The postural profile of the classical ballerinas showed inclination and protrusion of the head, trunk rotation, rectification of cervical lordosis, increased thoracic kyphosis, increased lumbar lordosis, pelvic inclination and anteversion. Conclusion: The practice of ballet led to changes in body alignment of the classical ballerinas evaluated. The results points out to the need of postural re-education in order to contribute for the kinetic-functional balance of classical ballet practitioners