Representational predicaments for employees: Their impact on perceptions of supervisors\u27 individualized consideration and on employee job satisfaction

A representational predicament for a subordinate vis-à-vis his or her immediate superior involves perceptual incongruence with the superior about the subordinate\u27s work or work context, with unfavourable implications for the employee. An instrument to measure the incidence of two types of representational predicament, being neglected and negative slanting, was developed and then validated through an initial survey of 327 employees. A subsequent substantive survey with a fresh sample of 330 employees largely supported a conceptual model linking being neglected and negative slanting to perceptions of low individualized consideration by superiors and to low overall job satisfaction. The respondents in both surveys were all Hong Kong Chinese. Two case examples drawn from qualitative interviews illustrate and support the conceptual model. Based on the research findings, we recommend some practical exercises to use in training interventions with leaders and subordinates. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans – anteaters, sloths, and armadillos – have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with 24 domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, ten anteaters, and six sloths. Our dataset includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data-paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the south of the USA, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to its austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n=5,941), and Cyclopes sp. has the fewest (n=240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n=11,588), and the least recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n=33). With regards to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n=962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n=12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other datasets of Neotropical Series which will become available very soon (i.e. Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans dataset

Efeito alelopático e análise dos rótulos de garrafadas comercializadas no Mercado Municipal de Montes Claros – MG

RESUMO O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar o efeito alelopático e o rótulo dos produtos vegetais contidos nas garrafadas comercializadas no mercado municipal de Montes Claros - MG. Adquiriram-se oito garrafadas que foram utilizadas para tratar, cada uma, 20 sementes de alface (Lactuca sativa L.) dispostas em placas de Petri sobre papel saturado com 4mL do conteúdo de cada garrafada em 04 concentrações: 12,5; 25; 50; e 75%. O controle positivo foi realizado com solução de sulfato de zinco a 1%, além dos controles: água mineral, água da torneira, e água destilada. As placas de Petri foram lacradas com filme plástico, cobertas com saco plástico e incubadas em escuro por sete dias à temperatura média de 27,2°C e na umidade média de 54%. Após 7 dias, mediu-se o comprimento da radícula e do hipocótilo (mm) de cada uma das plântulas e quantificou-se o número de sementes que germinaram. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância pelo software Sisvar, sendo os resultados comparados pelo Teste Scott-Knott ao nível nominal de 5%. Os resultados do teste de germinação indicaram que houve efeito significativo das garrafadas sobre a germinação das sementes de Lactuca sativa L., onde o percentual de germinação das sementes foi inversamente proporcional ao aumento da concentração das garrafadas. Portanto, observou-se que as garrafadas apresentaram potencial alelopático ao inibirem a germinação das sementes de alface

Thermal Expansion Dependence On The Sp2 Concentration Of Amorphous Carbon And Carbon Nitride

The coefficients of thermal expansion of hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H) and carbon nitride (a-CNx:H) were determined using the thermally induced bending technique. Amorphous carbon films were prepared with different sp2 concentrations by varying the bias voltage in a glow discharge system in methane atmosphere. Carbon nitride films (a-CN x:H) were deposited by introducing nitrogen gas. It was observed that the thermal expansion of a-C:H depends on the concentration of sp2 bonded carbon, increasing to the value of graphite as the sp2 concentration approaches 100%. Similar effect was also observed in the carbon nitride films. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.338-3401 SPEC. ISS.499502Liu, A.M., Cohen, M., (1989) Science, 245, p. 841Muhl, S., Mendez, J.M., (1999) Diamond Relat. Mater., 8, p. 1809Badzian, A., Badzian, T., (1999) Thin Solid Films, 354, p. 148Hellgren, N., Johansson, M.P., (1999) Phys. Rev. B, 59, p. 5162Cutiongco, E.C., Li, D., Chung, Y.W., (1996) J. Tribol., 118, p. 543Robertson, J., (2001) Thin Solids Films, 383, p. 81Lee, H.J., Zubeck, R., Hollars, D., Lee, J.K., Smallen, M., Chao, A., (1993) J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A, 11 (6), p. 3007Wang, J.S., Sugimura, Y., Evans, A.G., Tredway, W.K., (1998) Thin Solid Films, 325, p. 163Demichelis, F., Pirri, C.F., Tagliaferro, A., Benedetto, G., Boarino, L., Spagnolo, R., Dunlop, E., Gissler, W., (1993) Diamond Relat. Mater., 2, p. 890De Lima Jr., M.M., Lacerda, R.G., Vilcarromero, J., Marques, F.C., (1999) J. Appl. Phys., 86 (9), p. 4936Marques, F.C., Vilcarromero, J., Lacerda, R.G., (2000) Appl. Phys. A, 71 (6), p. 633Champi, A., Lacerda, R.G., Marques, F.C., (2003) Microelectron. J, 34 (5-8), p. 553Lacerda, R.G., Marques, F.C., (1998) Appl. Phys. Lett., 73 (5), p. 617Oliver, W.C., Pharr, G.M., (1992) J. Mater. Res., 7, p. 1564Hoffman, R.W., (1970) Physics of Non-metallic Thin Films, B-14. , New York: PlenumPickrell, D.J., Kline, K.A., Taylor, R.E., (1994) Appl. Phys. Lett., 64 (18), p. 2353Nelson, J.B., Riley, D.P., (1945) Proc. Phys. Soc., 57 (6), p. 477Hu, J., Yuan, P., Lieber, C.M., (1998) Phys. Rev. B, 57, pp. R3185Rodil, S.E., Milne, W.I., Robertson, J., Brown, L.M., (2000) Appl. Phys. Lett., 77, p. 1458Ferrari, A.C., Robertson, J., (2000) Phys. Rev. B, 6

Esr Investigation Of Graphite-like Amorphous Carbon Films Revealing Itinerant States As The Ones Responsible For The Signal

The origin of paramagnetic centers in graphite-like amorphous carbon is investigated. The films were deposited by the ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD) and have a concentration of sp2 sites of about 90% and zero energy band gap. The density of the film and the electrical resistivity are close to these of crystalline graphite. However, the hardness and stress of the films are similar to those of diamond-like carbon. Electron spin resonance (ESR) performed at the X-band (9.4 GHz) revealed an unexpected low density of paramagnetic centers, ascribed to conduction electrons with a g-value of about 2.003. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.35419-2521352137Robertson, J., (1996) PRB, 53 (24), p. 16302Barklie, R.C., (2001) Diam. Relat. Mater., 10, p. 174Lacerda, R.G., Hammer, P., Lepiensky, C.M., Alvarez, F., Marques, F.C., (2001) J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A, 19 (3), p. 971Poa, C.H., Lacerda, R.G., Cox, D.C., Silva, S.R.P., Marques, F.C., (2002) Appl. Phys. Lett., 81 (5), p. 853Sercheli, M.S., Kopelevich, Y., Ricardo da Silva, R., Torres, J.H.S., Rettori, C., (2002) Solid State Commun., 121, p. 579Von Bardeleben, H.J., Cantin, J.L., Zeinert, A., Racine, B., Zellama, K., Hai, P.N., (2001) Appl. Phys. Lett., 78 (19), p. 2843Hoinkis, M., Tober, E.D., White, R.L., Crowder, M.S., (1992) Appl. Phys. Lett., 61 (22), p. 265