La riabilitazione della tibiotarsica nei tersicorei

La tibiotarsica \ue8 un distretto anatomico importante, sovente colpito da patologie traumatiche e da \u201coveruse\u201d. Un corretto approccio medico e fisioterapico \ue8 essenziale al fine di prevenire e curare ogni errore tecnico e lesione capsulo-legamentosa, tendinea e/o ossea. Lo studio mediante piano inclinato permette di lavorare sulle caratteristiche propriocettive del gesto atletico/artistico svolto dal ballerino, riproducendo anche gli atteggiamenti mantenuti durante i fondamentali della danza

Low-cost miniaturized UV photosensor for direct measurement of DNA concentration within a closed tube container

Highly sensitive measurement of DNA concentration on portable, easy-to-use, low-cost miniaturized equipments without sample waste is challenging. The DNA peak optical absorbance at lambda = 260 nm is a wellknown property already used in the spectrometric measurement of DNA concentration. Existing apparatus are large-sized, expensive and require a manipulation of DNA. In the current work, a low-power, suitable and miniaturized photosensor aiming at a sensitive and direct measurement of DNA concentration has been designed. Direct measurement, i.e. without sample manipulation, implies UV transmission through the translucid tube wall from the closed tube containing the DNA sample in solution. To allow measurements at such low wavelengths, we designed and fabricated photodiodes in SOI technology to ensure a high responsivity in the UV range. Measurements of the photodevice confirmed its responsivity spectrum and magnitudes. These fully integrable photodiodes, fabricated in SOI CMOS technology, can be coupled to a complete signal processing microsystem. Direct measurements at 280 nm optical wavelength of serially diluted DNA within a closed tube (range: 40 pg/ mu L to 400 ng/ mu L in a volume of 45 mu L) generated a monotonic relation between the DNA concentration and the mean of the diode photocurrent induced by light transmission through DNA solution and tube container. Absorbance of the incident UV ray was inversely proportional to DNA concentration. The photosensor compared favorably with other DNA quantitative methods (spectrophotometry, fluorometry, real-time PCR) in terms of sensitivity. Originalities of this work are the use of a thin-film SOI photosensor, the low-cost, portable and adaptable system and the potential of the device for direct measurement of nucleic acid concentration within tube containers without sample manipulation or waste.Anglai

Four Susceptibility Loci for Gallstone Disease Identified in a Meta-analysis of Genome-Wide Association Studies

Background & Aims A genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 280 cases identified the hepatic cholesterol transporter ABCG8 as a locus associated with risk for gallstone disease, but findings have not been reported from any other GWAS of this phenotype. We performed a large-scale, meta-analysis of GWASs of individuals of European ancestry with available prior genotype data, to identify additional genetic risk factors for gallstone disease. Methods We obtained per-allele odds ratio (OR) and standard error estimates using age- and sex-adjusted logistic regression models within each of the 10 discovery studies (8720 cases and 55,152 controls). We performed an inverse variance weighted, fixed-effects meta-analysis of study-specific estimates to identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms that were associated independently with gallstone disease. Associations were replicated in 6489 cases and 62,797 controls. Results We observed independent associations for 2 single-nucleotide polymorphisms at the ABCG8 locus: rs11887534 (OR, 1.69; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.54–1.86; P = 2.44 × 10-60) and rs4245791 (OR, 1.27; P = 1.90 × 10-34). We also identified and/or replicated associations for rs9843304 in TM4SF4 (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.08–1.16; P = 6.09 × 10-11), rs2547231 in SULT2A1 (encodes a sulfoconjugation enzyme that acts on hydroxysteroids and cholesterol-derived sterol bile acids) (OR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.12–1.21; P = 2.24 × 10-10), rs1260326 in glucokinase regulatory protein (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.07–1.17; P = 2.55 × 10-10), and rs6471717 near CYP7A1 (encodes an enzym

Discovery of common and rare genetic risk variants for colorectal cancer

To further dissect the genetic architecture of colorectal cancer (CRC), we performed whole-genome sequencing of 1,439 cases and 720 controls, imputed discovered sequence variants and Haplotype Reference Consortium panel variants into genome-wide association study data, and tested for association in 34,869 cases and 29,051 controls. Findings were followed up in an additional 23,262 cases and 38,296 controls. We discovered a strongly protective 0.3% frequency variant signal at CHD1. In a combined meta-analysis of 125,478 individuals, we identified 40 new independent signals at P < 5 × 10 −8 , bringing the number of known independent signals for CRC to ~100. New signals implicate lower-frequency variants, Krüppel-like factors, Hedgehog signaling, Hippo-YAP signaling, long noncoding RNAs and somatic drivers, and support a role for immune function. Heritability analyses suggest that CRC risk is highly polygenic, and larger, more comprehensive studies enabling rare variant analysis will improve understanding of biology underlying this risk and influence personalized screening strategies and drug development. © 2018, This is a U.S. government work and not under copyright protection in the U.S.; foreign copyright protection may apply

Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in children: An international, multicentre, prospective cohort study

Introduction Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). However, there is a lack of data available about SSI in children worldwide, especially from low-income and middle-income countries. This study aimed to estimate the incidence of SSI in children and associations between SSI and morbidity across human development settings. Methods A multicentre, international, prospective, validated cohort study of children aged under 16 years undergoing clean-contaminated, contaminated or dirty gastrointestinal surgery. Any hospital in the world providing paediatric surgery was eligible to contribute data between January and July 2016. The primary outcome was the incidence of SSI by 30 days. Relationships between explanatory variables and SSI were examined using multilevel logistic regression. Countries were stratified into high development, middle development and low development groups using the United Nations Human Development Index (HDI). Results Of 1159 children across 181 hospitals in 51 countries, 523 (45·1%) children were from high HDI, 397 (34·2%) from middle HDI and 239 (20·6%) from low HDI countries. The 30-day SSI rate was 6.3% (33/523) in high HDI, 12·8% (51/397) in middle HDI and 24·7% (59/239) in low HDI countries. SSI was associated with higher incidence of 30-day mortality, intervention, organ-space infection and other HAIs, with the highest rates seen in low HDI countries. Median length of stay in patients who had an SSI was longer (7.0 days), compared with 3.0 days in patients who did not have an SSI. Use of laparoscopy was associated with significantly lower SSI rates, even after accounting for HDI. Conclusion The odds of SSI in children is nearly four times greater in low HDI compared with high HDI countries. Policies to reduce SSI should be prioritised as part of the wider global agenda