60 research outputs found
Synchronisation in networks of delay-coupled type-I excitable systems
We use a generic model for type-I excitability (known as the SNIPER or SNIC
model) to describe the local dynamics of nodes within a network in the presence
of non-zero coupling delays. Utilising the method of the Master Stability
Function, we investigate the stability of the zero-lag synchronised dynamics of
the network nodes and its dependence on the two coupling parameters, namely the
coupling strength and delay time. Unlike in the FitzHugh-Nagumo model (a model
for type-II excitability), there are parameter ranges where the stability of
synchronisation depends on the coupling strength and delay time. One important
implication of these results is that there exist complex networks for which the
adding of inhibitory links in a small-world fashion may not only lead to a loss
of stable synchronisation, but may also restabilise synchronisation or
introduce multiple transitions between synchronisation and desynchronisation.
To underline the scope of our results, we show using the Stuart-Landau model
that such multiple transitions do not only occur in excitable systems, but also
in oscillatory ones.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figure
Mixing patterns in networks
We study assortative mixing in networks, the tendency for vertices in
networks to be connected to other vertices that are like (or unlike) them in
some way. We consider mixing according to discrete characteristics such as
language or race in social networks and scalar characteristics such as age. As
a special example of the latter we consider mixing according to vertex degree,
i.e., according to the number of connections vertices have to other vertices:
do gregarious people tend to associate with other gregarious people? We propose
a number of measures of assortative mixing appropriate to the various mixing
types, and apply them to a variety of real-world networks, showing that
assortative mixing is a pervasive phenomenon found in many networks. We also
propose several models of assortatively mixed networks, both analytic ones
based on generating function methods, and numerical ones based on Monte Carlo
graph generation techniques. We use these models to probe the properties of
networks as their level of assortativity is varied. In the particular case of
mixing by degree, we find strong variation with assortativity in the
connectivity of the network and in the resilience of the network to the removal
of vertices.Comment: 14 pages, 2 tables, 4 figures, some additions and corrections in this
versio
Ocorrência e tratamento de miíases cutâneas em ovinos criados em condições semiáridas no norte de Minas Gerais
A ocorrência de miíases cutâneas foi verificada em 10 diferentes criatórios de ovinos no norte de Minas Gerais, Brasil, durante o período de um ano, onde foram analisados os fatores relacionados a essas parasitoses. Os rebanhos possuíam predominantemente animais mestiços Santa Inês, criados em sistemas semiextensivo. Foram registrados 50 casos e a maior incidência foi observada nos meses de março (22%) e abril (18%), períodos de maiores temperaturas e umidade relativa do ar. As patas foram as regiões mais frequentemente acometidas (34% dos casos). As lesões por pododermatites (38% dos casos), onfaloflebites (10%), linfadenite (6%) e dermatobiose (6%) foram os fatores mais frequentemente relacionados às miíases. As taxas de ocorrência não diferiram quanto ao sexo e idade dos animais. Foi constatado que a maioria dos proprietários não realizava o tratamento das miíases de forma correta, sendo que após a implantação de uma terapia preconizada nesta pesquisa, 92% das lesões apresentaram cura entre sete e trinta dias. Os resultados apontam a importância de estratégias para prevenção baseadas nos fatores relacionados neste estudo. A inspeção constante dos ovinos, identificando-se os ferimentos e tratando-se as lesões precocemente, devem constituir práticas rotineiras, principalmente no período chuvoso e quando estão presentes nas patas dos animais
Insulinoma-associated 1 has a panneurogenic role and promotes the generation and expansion of Basal progenitors in the developing mouse neocortex
Basal (intermediate) progenitors are the major source of neurons in the mammalian neocortex. The molecular machinery governing basal progenitor biogenesis is unknown. Here, we show that the zinc-finger transcription factor Insm1 (insulinoma-associated 1) is expressed specifically in progenitors undergoing neurogenic divisions, has a panneurogenic role throughout the brain, and promotes basal progenitor formation in the neocortex. Mouse embryos lacking Insm1 contained half the number of basal progenitors and showed a marked reduction in cortical plate radial thickness. Forced premature expression of Insm1 in neuroepithelial cells resulted in their mitosis occurring at the basal (rather than apical) side of the ventricular zone and induced expression of the basal progenitor marker Tbr2. Remarkably, these cells remained negative for Tis21, a marker of neurogenic progenitors, and did not generate neurons but underwent self-amplification. Our data imply that Insm1 is involved in the generation and expansion of basal progenitors, a hallmark of neocortex evolution
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