Service Workflow Monitoring In Private Clouds: The User Point Of View

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Cloud computing environments offer, in general, tools and mechanisms for the user to monitor computational, storage, and networking resources. However, only a few middlewares for cloud computing provide tools that help the user in the application monitoring. When we consider workflows and their dependencies, monitoring from the user point of view is not found in the literature of cloud middlewares. In this paper, we present an infrastructure for execution of service workflows in private clouds with tools that allow the user to keep track of his/her workflows, measuring each activity performed in the cloud resources. Through this monitoring, our workflow manager is able to react during the workflow execution, requesting new or better resources in order to the execution to comply with the application quality of service requirements. Besides that, the metrics that our monitoring system offers allow users to keep a detailed track of the organization internal costs involved in the processing, and then use this information to evaluate other alternatives, such as leasing resources from public cloud providers. © 2012 IEEE.2530CAPES,CGI.br,EMCCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Curbera, F., Khalaf, R., Mukhi, N., Tai, S., Weerawarana, S., The next step in web services (2003) Communications of ACM, 46 (10), pp. 29-34Taylor, I., Deelman, E., Gannon, D., Shields, M.E., (2007) Workflows for E-Science: Scientific Workflows for Grids, , SpringerAmazon Co (2012) Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (ec2) API, , http://aws.amazon.com/ec2/(2002) The Physiology of the Grid: An Open Grid Services Architecture for Distributed Systems Integration, , http://www.globus.org/alliance/publications/papers/ogsa.pdfWeb services business process execution language version 2.0 (2007) OASIS Web Services Business Process Execution Language (WSBPEL) TC, , http://docs.oasisopen.org/wsbpel/2.0/OS/wsbpel-v2.0-OS.html, Tech. Rep., AprilFoster, I., Globus toolkit version 4: Software for service-oriented systems (2005) IFIP International Conference on Network and Parallel Computing, pp. 2-13. , Springer-Verlag LNCS 3779, Beijing, ChinaSenna, C.R., Bittencourt, L.F., Madeira, E.R.M., Execution of service workflows in grid environments (2010) International Journal of Communication Networks and Distributed Systems (IJCNDS), 5 (12), pp. 88-108(2012) Openstack Cloud Software, , http://www.openstack.org, Openstack Org(2012) Amazon Web Services, , http://aws.amazon.com/, A. CoBittencourt, L.F., Madeira, E.R.M., Da Fonseca, N.L.S., Scheduling in hybrid clouds (2012) IEEE Communications Magazine, 50 (9), pp. 42-47. , septemberOpenstack project (2012) Opennebula, , http://www.opennebula.orgEucalyptus system inc (2012) Eucalyptus, , http://www.eucalyptus.comNimbus project (2012) Nimbus Platform, , http://www.nimbusproject.orgAmazon co (2012) Amazon Cloudwatch, , http://aws.amazon.com/cloudwatch/De Chaves, S.A., Uriarte, R.B., Westphall, C.B., Toward an architecture for monitoring private clouds (2011) IEEE Communications Magazine, 49 (12), pp. 130-137Nagios enterprises (2012) Nagios, , http://www.nagios.org/Hasselmeyer, P., D'heureuse, N., Towards holistic multi-tenant monitoring for virtual data centers (2010) Network Operations and Management Symposium Workshops (NOMS Wksps), pp. 350-356. , http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/NOMSW.2010.5486528, 2010 IEEE/IFIP. IEEE, AprIBM (2012) IBM Tivoli Monitoring, , http://www-01.ibm.com/software/tivoli/(2012) Ganglia Monitoring System, , http://ganglia.sourceforge.net

An Environment For Evaluation And Testing Of Service Workflow Schedulers In Clouds

Workflows built through service composition bring new challenges, making the scheduling task even more complex. Besides that, scheduling researchers need a wide range of workflows and their respective services to validate new achievements. In this paper we present a service oriented testbed where experiments can be conducted to develop and evaluate algorithms, heuristics, and scheduling policies for workflows. Our testbed offers an emulator service which allows the workflow characterization through the description of its services. With this, researchers can build workflows which have similar behavior to the real workflow applications, emulating them without the need of implementing all applications and services involved in a real application execution. To demonstrate the utilization of both the testbed and emulator, we conducted workflow executions emulating service workflow applications, such as Montage and LIGO. © 2011 IEEE.301307Bahcesehir University,Grid Telekom,HUAWEI Technologies Co., Ltd.,IBM Turkey,IEEE Turkey Section(2011) Montage: An Astronomical Image Engine, , http://montage.ipac.caltech.edu, [Online]Ramakrishnan, A., Singh, G., Zhao, H., Deelman, E., Sakellariou, R., Vahi, K., Blackburn, K., Samidi, M., Scheduling data-intensive workflows onto storage-constrained distributed resources (2007) CCGRID '07, pp. 401-409. , Washington, DC, USA: IEEE Computer SocietyAlliance, G., (2011) Globus Toolkit, , http://http://www.globus.org/toolkit/, [Online]Senna, C.R., Bittencourt, L.F., Madeira, E.R.M., Execution of service workflows in grid environments (2010) International Journal of Communication Networks and Distributed Systems (IJCNDS), 5 (1-2), pp. 88-108Bharathi, S., Chervenak, A., Deelman, E., Mehta, G., Su, M., Vahi, K., Characterization of scientific workflows (2008) WORKS 2008: 3Rd Workshop on Workflows in Support of Large-scale ScienceDeelman, E., (2008) Clouds: An Opportunity for Scientific Applications? (keynote in the 2008 Cracow Grid Workshops)Bittencourt, L.F., Madeira, E.R.M., A performance-oriented adaptive scheduler for dependent tasks on grids (2008) Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience, 20 (9), pp. 1029-1049Blythe, J., Gil, Y., Deelman, E., Coordinating workflows in shared grid environments (2004) ICAPS '04, , Whistler, British Columbia, Canada(2011) Cloudsim, , http://www.buyya.com/gridbus/cloudsim/, [Online

An Architecture For Adaptation Of Virtual Networks On Clouds

Virtual networks are a new research topic advocated to increase flexibility, manageability and isolation in the Internet. However they introduce many open issues to become practical in real scenarios. On the other hand, cloud computing provides elasticity, where availability scales up on demand, with resources being offered frequently as virtualized services over the Internet. The use of virtual networks as a mechanism in cloud computing can aggregate traffic isolation, improving security and facilitating pricing. Also, it allows us to act in cases where the performance is not in accordance with the contract for services between the customer and the provider of the cloud. In this paper we propose an architecture for the deployment of clouds over virtualized networks. In addition, we experimentally evaluate how the virtual network manager can benefit from different virtual network configurations to improve users' quality of service. © 2011 IEEE.Mell, P., Grance, T., (2009) The NIST Definition of Cloud Computing, 15. , http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/SNS/cloud-computing/cloud-def-v15.doc, Tech. Rep., July [Online]. AvailableAnderson, T., Peterson, L., Shenker, S., Turner, J., Overcoming the internet impasse through virtualization (2005) Computer, 38 (4), pp. 34-41. , DOI 10.1109/MC.2005.136Zhang, S., Zhang, S., Chen, X., Huo, X., Cloud computing research and development trend (2010) ICFN '10, pp. 93-97. , Proceedings of the 2010 Second International Conference on Future Networks, ser. Washington, DC, USA: IEEE Computer SocietyArmbrust, M., Fox, A., Griffith, R., Joseph, A.D., Katz, R., Konwinski, A., Lee, G., Zaharia, M., A view of cloud computing (2010) Communications of the ACM, 53, pp. 50-58. , AprilBuyya, R., Yeo, C.S., Venugopal, S., Broberg, J., Brandic, I., Cloud computing and emerging it platforms: Vision, hype, and reality for delivering computing as the 5th utility (2009) Future Generation Computer Systems, 25, pp. 599-616. , June(2011) Horizon Project: A New Horizon to the Internet, , http://www.gta.ufrj.br/horizon, [Online]. AvailableFeamster, N., Gao, L., Rexford, J., How to lease the internet in your spare time (2007) SIGCOMM Computing Communication Review, 37, pp. 61-64. , http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1198255.1198265, January [Online]. AvailableCurbera, F., Khalaf, R., Mukhi, N., Tai, S., Weerawarana, S., The next step in web services (2003) Communications of the ACM, 46 (10), pp. 29-34Chowdhury, N.M.K., Boutaba, R., A survey of network virtualization (2010) Computer Networks, 54 (5), pp. 862-876Fernandes, N., Moreira, M., Moraes, I., Ferraz, L., Couto, R., Carvalho, H., Campista, M., Duarte, O., Virtual networks: Isolation, performance, and trends (2011) Annals of Telecommunications, 66, pp. 339-355Rodrguez-Haro, F., Freitag, F., Navarro, L., Enhancing virtual environments with qos aware resource management (2009) Annals of Telecommunications, 64, pp. 289-303Hao, F., Lakshman, T.V., Mukherjee, S., Song, H., Enhancing dynamic cloud-based services using network virtualization (2010) Computer Communication Review, 40 (1), pp. 67-74Senna, C.R., Bittencourt, L.F., Madeira, E.R.M., Execution of service workflows in grid environments (2010) International Journal of Communication Networks and Distributed Systems (IJCNDS), 5 (1-2), pp. 88-108(2007) Web Services Business Process Execution Language Version 2.0, , OASIS Web Services Business Process Execution Language (WSBPEL) TC, Tech. Rep., AprilSenna, C.R., Batista, D.M., S Jr., M.A., Madeira, E.R.M., Fonseca, N.L.S., Experiments with a self-management system for virtual networks (2011) II Workshop de Pesquisa Experimental Da Internet Do Futuro (WPEIF 2011), , Campo Grande, MS, Brazil: Brazilian Computer Society(2011) Java Platform Standard Edition, , http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/, O. Corporation, [Online]. Available(2011) Globus Toolkit, , http://www.globus.org/toolkit/, G. Alliance, [Online]. Available: httpFoster, I., Kesselman, C., Nick, J., Tuecke, S., (2002) The Physiology of the Grid: An Open Grid Services Architecture for Distributed Systems Integration, , http://www.globus.org/research/papers/ogsa.pdf, [Online]. AvailableBellard, F., QEMU, a fast and portable dynamic translator (2005) ATEC '05, pp. 41-41. , Proceedings of the annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference, ser. Berkeley, CA, USA: USENIX AssociationHabib, I., Virtualization with kvm (2008) Linux J., 2008. , FebruaryJones, M.T., (2010) Anatomy of the Libvirt Virtualization Library An Api for Easy Linux Virtualization, , http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/linux/library/l-libvirt/, [Online]. AvailableSenna, C.R., Bittencourt, L.F., Madeira, E.R.M., An environment for evaluation and testing of service workflow schedulers in clouds (2011) International Conference on High Performance Computing & Simulation (HPCS), , to appear, julyLindley, C.A., (1991) Practical Image Processing in C: Acquisition, Manipulation and Storage: Hardware, Software, Images and Text, , New York, NY, USA: John Wiley & Sons, In

Comparative study between the electrochemical behavior of TiN, TiCxNy and CrN hard coatings by using microscopy and electrochemical techniques

Hard thin TiN, TiCxNy and CrN films deposited by Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) techniques onto steel substrates were immersed in an aggressive environment and evaluated by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). The mechanical and electrochemical behavior, as well as the microstructure of TiCxNy depended directly on the contents of carbon and nitrogen in the coating. The best results were obtained with stoichiometric coatings that are presented in this work. Although a small amount of pinholes could be observed, the electrochemical performance of TiN film was poorer than the stoichiometric TiCxNy coating. However, the CrN films showed the highest initial and residual corrosion resistance values, probably due to their dense structure