Is Russell's vicious circle principle false or meaningless?

P. Vardy asserts the thesis that the vicious circle principle has the same structure as Russell's paradox. But structure is not the thing itself. It is the thing objectivated from the wiewpoint of a mathematician. So this structure can be expressed in a mathematical formalism, e. g. the Λ-calculus. Russell's paradox is understood as a result of the error of taking purely logical concepts, like negation, as lkiewise formalisable without change of meaning. The illusion of meaning in the liar's proposition: Yl'am telling a lie can also be explained be the formalisable self-referential structure of this proposition. Yet it remains an illusion because the logical intention cannot follow the structure

A description of the early life history stages of the kob, Argyrosomus hololepidotus (Pisces: Sciaenidae), from southern Africa

The larval development of the kob, Argyrosomus hololepidotus is described and illustrated from a series of specimens collected in Algoa Bay, South Africa. Larvae are moderately deep bodies (BD = 30% BL) with a convex dorsal profile and trunk tapering to a narrow caudal peduncle. The head is large, increasing from 22% BL in preflexion larvae to 35% BL in juveniles. Pre-anal length increases from 37% BL in preflexion larvae to > 60% in juveniles. Notochord flexion occurs at 5-6 mm BL. Argyrosomus hololepidotus larvae are characterized by melanophores behind the head, at the anal fin base, on the caudal fin, on the abdomen, in the angle of the jaw and at the jaw isthmus. Medio-lateral pigmentation increases markedly in early juveniles. Osteological development is described from a series of cleared and stained specimens. By 14 mm BL all fins have the adult complement of spines and rays. The larvae of A. hololepidotus are briefly compared with those of other Atlantic and Indo-Pacific sciaenids

A computer processable storage and retrieval program for Alaska mineral information

The Mineral Industry Research Laboratory has developed a storage and retrieval file for Alaska mineral information to facilitate resource studies. The basis for the computer-processable file is the Division of ecological Survey Mineral Kardex system which contains an entry for every mineral property in Alaska that has either been recorded in the literature or has been claimed under the mineral staking laws. Use of the file has greatly increased the research capability of the laboratory to compile resource-oriented reports such as M.I.R.L. Report No. 16, IIFinal Report - Mineral Resources of Northern Alaska," M.I.R.L. Report No. 18, JlKnown and Potential Ore Reserves, Seward Peninsula, Alaska", and M.J.R.L Report No. 27, "Copper Mineral Occurrences in the Wrangell Mountain - Prince William Sound Area, Alaska" and S.E. Alaska Mineral Commodity Maps. The programs have been given the name MINFILE. MINFILEJ refers to a program that stores mineral information on magnetic tape. MINFILE2 is a Retreival program, MINFILE3 is a program to correct and make additions to the file. MINFILE4 and MINFILE5 are utility programs used for maintenance of the system.The basic data for this report were obtained from the Division of Geological Survey KARDEX FILE. James A. Williams of that Division was of great assistance in making the file available and in providing a space for Mineral Industry Research Laboratory employees to work. He also provided assistance in abstracting some of the information for inclusion into the system. Funds for completing the file came from the U. S. Bureau of Mines under Contract No. GOl11783. A. L. Service of the Bureau of Mines provided much encouragement and is responsible for the awarding of the contract. Earl H. Beistline, Dean of the College of Earth Sciences and Mineral Industry, helped with many of the administrative problems associated with the development of the system of programs. Ernest N. Wolff of the Mineral Industry Research Laboratory provided invaluable assistance throughout the project. He is acknowledged for his persistent support and encouragement during the writing and the many test runs of the program

Black bream in the Blackwood: 2005-06 recreational fishing creel survey

The status of the recreational fishery in the Blackwood Estuary, south-western Australia, was quantitatively assessed via a boat-based creel survey from September 2005 to August 2006. Sampling was stratified by both season and day-type and, in total, was conducted on 144 days over the 12-month period. Daily sampling consisted of a count of number of anglers throughout the estuary (for fishing effort), and surveys of catches by boat-based and shore-based recreational anglers

A Small Open Economy Model with Currency Mismactches and a Financial Accelerator Mechanism

We develop a two-sectors small open economy model with imperfect competition, one-period nominal price rigidities and a financial accelerator mechanism. The latter assumes an asymmetric information problem between lenders and capital good producers (entrepreneurs). Studying the zero-inflation steady state, it is shown that the model with the financial accelerator mechanism nests a fairly standard RBC model; case in which entrepreneurs “disappear" as a differentiated sector from households. It is also explained that credit market imperfections essentially reduce the aggregate supply of capital relative to the RBC case. Turning to the dynamics, we study the effects of an unanticipated and permanent increase in the level of the money supply. In this context the exchange rate jumps immediately to its new steady state level without showing any overshooting process as in Dornbusch (1976). Analysing the case without credit market imperfections but with pre-set prices, it is demonstrated that money is not neutral in the long-run, that capital adds persistence to the initial shock, and that some traditional results of the Mundell-Fleming model still hold.Credit Market Imperfections, Financial Accelerator, Currency Mismatches, Currency Depreciation.

Design, commissioning and performance of a device to vary the turbulence in a recirculating flume

Ambient turbulent flow structures are one of the key drivers that will determine the rate of wake recovery downstream of tidal turbines. For second and third generation arrays or farms such a parameter is critical for the determination of inter-device spacing and the optimisation of energy extraction per unit surface area. At present offshore flow characterisation is dominated by seabed or surface-mounted diverging-beam acoustic Doppler profilers that whilst having a good spatial capture cannot characterise turbulent flow structures to the same accuracy as single point converging laboratory-scale velocimeters. So a paradox presently exists: We can measure the (mean) flow characteristics at real tidal energy sites but lack the ability to accuracy ascertain high-frequency flow characteristic at discrete spatial locations. This is possible at laboratory-scale with convergent-beam devices but as we do not know the real site conditions replication at small-scale can only be approximated. To date there has been few laboratory studies where the ambient flow turbulence has been varied. The standard method is to generate turbulence from a static structure such as a grid. Here we have developed an articulated rig that has the ability to oscillate cylindrical members along two axes in the flow upstream of tidal turbine models. Initial results presented in this paper show the effect upon the ambient flow that the turbulence-generating rig can impose and the effects upon wake dissipation for varying levels of turbulent length and time scales. Also the formation and insistence of turbulent structures shed from the device are reported. As expected increasing ambient turbulence intensity serves to dissipate the turbine wake more rapidly and whilst we cannot directly relate these laboratory flow characteristics to full-scale tidal energy sites at present it is hoped that offshore measurement technology and that of laboratory replication can converge so that device performance prediction can be performed at smaller-scale and at a corresponding lower cost to the technology

Policy Uncertainty and Informational Monopolies: The Case of Monetary Policy.

In this paper we have presented a model in which perfectly enticipated inflation is superneutral: if the variance of the money (or the growth rate of the money supply in the dynamic interpretation) supply is zero, the real equilibrium is independent of the mean of the money supply.ECONOMIC MODELS ; INFLATION ; MONETARY POLICY

Copper mineral occurrences in the Wrangell Mountains-Prince William Sound area, Alaska

On January 9, 1970, the U.S. Bureau of Mines entered into an agreement with the University of Alaska based upon a proposal submitted by the Mineral Industry Research Laboratory. Under the terms of this agreement, the Laboratory undertook to compile information on copper occurrences in eight quadrangles covering what are loosely known as the Copper River, White River, and Prince William Sound copper provinces. If time permitted four other quadrangles would be added, and this has been possible. Information was to be obtained by searching published and unpublished records of the Bureau of Mines, the U.S. Geological Survey, the State Division of Geological Survey, the University of Alaska, and the recording offices

Southeastern Alaska mineral commodity maps

Continued interest by exploration companies in a Southeastern Alaska resource study in progress by the Mineral Industry Research Laboratory has prompted the release of some of the maps prior to the completion of the study. A report on the study should be available for distribution during the summer of 1970, and will contain a complete tabulation of all mineral properties and prospects contained in the literature or staked under the mining laws. In addition, the report will contain a description of U. S. Bureau of Mines mining districts, a summary of the geology, and thoughts pertaining to possible controls for ore deposits in the area. The commodity maps contained in this packet represent only those properties currently listed in the State Division of Mines and Geology Kardex System. Information pertaining to all properties tabulated in this system for Southeastern Alaska has been digitized and stored on magnetic tape. The maps were plotted by computer at a scale of approximately 1 " = 20 miles for overlay purposes. The computer utilized the storage and retrieval file of Alaska mineral information developed by the Mineral Industry Research Laboratory (see M. I. R. L. Report No. 24) and the STAMPEDE and contouring program maintained by the University of Alaska.computer center. Each map i s a composite of individually plotted quadrangle maps using the U. S. Geological Survey coordinate system described in U. S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1139 for property location. At this scale, there i s little error in location

Inactivation of Campylobacter jejuni by exposure to high-intensity 405-nm visible light

Although considerable research has been carried out on a range of environmental factors that impact on the survival of Campylobacter jejuni, there is limited information on the effects of violet/blue light on this pathogen. This investigation was carried out to determine the effects of high-intensity 405-nm light on C. jejuni and to compare this with the effects on two other important Gram-negative enteric pathogens, Salmonella enteritidis and Escherichia coli O157:H7. High-intensity 405-nm light generated from an array of 405-nm light-emitting diodes was used to inactivate the test bacteria. The results demonstrated that while all three tested species were susceptible to 405-nm light inactivation, C. jejuni was by far the most sensitive organism, requiring a total dose of 18J cm−2 of 405-nm light to achieve a 5-log10 reduction. This study has established that C. jejuni is particularly susceptible to violet/blue light at a wavelength of 405nm. This finding, coupled with the safety-in-use advantages of this visible (non-ultraviolet wavelength) light, suggests that high-intensity 405-nm light may have applications for control of C. jejuni contamination levels in situations where this type of illumination can be effectively applied