Ontogenetically-regulated male sterility in tissue culture - induced and spontaneous sorghum mutants

Variability of male fertility expression in the AS-1 line, a somaclonal variant obtained from tissue culture of CMS-plant, and in the progeny of revenant '124-1' obtained from fertile tiller, which developed on CMS-plant transferred from the field to the greenhouse, was investigated. Both revertants were characterized by similar expression of male fertility during plant ontogenesis: the panicle on the main tiller was almost completely sterile whereas formation of fertile pollen grains and seed set were observed on the panicles of the shoot tillers. A clear basipetal gradient of male fertility was manifested on all panicles: the base had significantly higher per cent of fertile pollen grains in comparison with the middle part, while in the top the anthers were either absent or had few sterile pollen grains. Such an ontogenetically-regulated restoration of male fertility was controlled by nuclear genes and could be transferred through the pollen in crosses with progenitor CMS-line. Growing of AS-1 plants in the growth chambers simultaneously under a long (16/8) and a short (12/12) daylength conditions demonstrated that differences of fertility level in different tillers was not caused by change of photoperiod during plant ontogenesis and functioning of photoperiod-sensitive fertility restoring gene. Whereas, the ontogenetically-regulated expression of male fertility in both revenants was temperature-dependent and was clearly manifested under relatively cool conditions during 2-week period before the beginning of anthesis of the first panicle (average daily temperature 21°C). The increase of the average daily temperature by 2-3 С resulted in sharp increase of male fertility level. Possibility of using AS-1 line in a new "two-line system" of hybrid seed production, which require only two lines (sterile mutant and fertility restorer), is discussed

Quality of life and social capital in Russian federal districts. Methodology and methods of analysis, empirical verification

Предлагается методология и методика измерения качества жизни и социального ка- питала, проверена гипотеза их взаимосвязи с использованием big data (больших данных) на примере федеральных округов России. It proposed methodology and methods of measuring the quality of life and social capital. Totest the hypothesis of their relationship with big data on the example of Russian federal districts

Faraday rotation spectra of bismuth-substituted ferrite garnet films with in-plane magnetization

Single crystalline films of bismuth-substituted ferrite garnets have been synthesized by the liquid phase epitaxy method where GGG substrates are dipped into the flux. The growth parameters are controlled to obtain films with in-plane magnetization and virtually no domain activity, which makes them excellently suited for magnetooptic imaging. The Faraday rotation spectra were measured across the visible range of wavelengths. To interprete the spectra we present a simple model based on the existence of two optical transitions of diamagnetic character, one tetrahedral and one octahedral. We find excellent agreement between the model and our experimental results for photon energies between 1.77 and 2.53 eV, corresponding to wavelengths between 700 and 490 nm. It is shown that the Faraday rotation changes significantly with the amount of substituted gallium and bismuth. Furthermore, the experimental results suggest that the magnetooptic response changes linearly with the bismuth substitution.Comment: 15 pages, 6 figures, published in Phys. Rev.

Graphene at fluidic interfaces

In this thesis unconventional tools based on fluidic interfaces were developed to study the surface and interfacial chemistry of graphene, to characterize the intrinsic properties of graphene, to disentangle the effects of substrate and of the environmental factors, and to improve handling protocols towards the preservation of the graphene cleanliness, morphology and electrical properties.The use of liquid interfaces in graphene research is now emerging, and this thesis shows that the structural adaptability, molecular smoothness and weaker (compared to solids) intermolecular bonding of fluidic interfaces allow for experimental designs radically different from those involving solid substrates. By demonstrating that fluidic interfaces preserve graphene clean, smooth, unstrained and undoped, and by exploiting these advantages, a step forward was made to the design of (more) accessible and efficient graphene-based devices and technologies.Supramolecular & Biomaterials Chemistr

Liquids relax and unify strain in graphene

Supramolecular & Biomaterials Chemistr

МУЗЕЙ ДЕРЕВЯННОГО ЗОДЧЕСТВА, КАК НОВАЯ ФОРМА РЕКРЕАЦИОННО-ТУРИСТИЧЕСКОГО КОМПЛЕКСА

The article considers issues and recommendations related to the establishment and development of the composition of the major museums of wooden architecture, the formation of the guest village to the Museum. Major museums of wooden architecture include the sector and branch across the typology of ancient wooden architecture. Monuments of ancient Russian architecture was built using fundamentally the same architectural - compositional and structural techniques, building materials and timber constructions. Guest towns have near the Museum or on its territory. To guest village does not stand out against the background of the Museum, it is necessary to build also according to the canons and traditions of wooden architecture. The Museum acquires new functions and turns into a recreational and tourist complex.В статье рассмотрены вопросы и рекомендации связанные с созданием и развитием композиции музеев деревянного зодчества, формирования гостевого поселка для музея. Крупные музеи деревянного зодчества включают в себя сектора и ветви по всей типологии древнерусского деревянного зодчества. Памятники древнерусского деревянного зодчества возводились с использованием принципиально одних и тех же архитектурно - композиционных и конструктивных приемов, строительных материалов и бревенчатых конструкций. Гостевые поселки располагают рядом с музеем или на его территории. Для того, чтобы гостевой поселок не выделялся на фоне музея, следует его построить также по канонам и традициям деревянного зодчества. Музей обретает новые функции и превращается в рекреационно-туристический комплекс

Macroscopic and microscopic wettability of graphene

Supramolecular & Biomaterials Chemistr

АСПЕКТЫ ВОСПРИЯТИЯ ДЕРЕВЯННОЙ АРХИТЕКТУРЫ РУССКОГО СЕВЕРА

The article reveals the figurative structure of the monuments of ancient Russian wood architecture, its beauty, born of the realization of the general harmony of life, the ethical and aesthetic ideals of Christian Russia. A parallel is drawn: the image of the monument - the way of thinking - the way of life. The study points out the notes from the history of Russia and the restoration of masterpieces of the Russian building culture. The article reveals the peculiarity of the perception of wood architecture, which consists in the fact that it must be perceived directly in the place where it was built. The need to preserve sacred groves is discussed, a brief typology of objects of wood architecture, their placement in the natural environment is given. The connection between the church reform of the second half of the 17th century and the changes in the appearance of wooden churches are investigated. Examples of the use of objects built of wood are given, and the importance of such an object as a chapel is revealedСтатья раскрывает образный строй памятников древнерусского деревянного зодчества, их красоту, рожденную осознанием общей гармонии жизни, этическими и эстетическими идеалами христианской Руси. Проводится параллель: образ памятника - образ мышления - образ жизни. Исследование перекликается с заметками из истории России и реставрации шедевров русской строительной культуры. В статье раскрывается особенность восприятия деревянной архитектуры, которая заключаются в том, что она должна восприниматься непосредственно в том месте, где была построена. Обсуждается необходимость сохранения священных рощ, дается краткая типология объектов деревянной архитектуры, их размещения в природной среде. Исследуется связь реформы церкви второй половины XVII века и изменений облика деревянных храмов. Приведены примеры использования объектов, выстроенных из дерева, и раскрывается важность такого объекта как часовня.1</sup