Isotemporal substitution of inactive time with physical activity and time in bed: cross-sectional associations with cardiometabolic health in the PREDIMEDPlus study

Background: This study explored the association between inactive time and measures of adiposity, clinical parameters, obesity, type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome components. It further examined the impact of reallocating inactive time to time in bed, light physical activity (LPA) or moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) on cardio-metabolic risk factors, including measures of adiposity and body composition, biochemical parameters and blood pressure in older adults. Methods: This is a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from 2189 Caucasian men and women (age 55-75 years, BMI 27-40 Kg/m2) from the PREDIMED-Plus study (http://www.predimedplus.com/). All participants had ≥3 components of the metabolic syndrome. Inactive time, physical activity and time in bed were objectively determined using triaxial accelerometers GENEActiv during 7 days (ActivInsights Ltd., Kimbolton, United Kingdom). Multiple adjusted linear and logistic regression models were used. Isotemporal substitution regression modelling was performed to assess the relationship of replacing the amount of time spent in one activity for another, on each outcome, including measures of adiposity and body composition, biochemical parameters and blood pressure in older adults. Results: Inactive time was associated with indicators of obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Reallocating 30 min per day of inactive time to 30 min per day of time in bed was associated with lower BMI, waist circumference and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (all p-values < 0.05). Reallocating 30 min per day of inactive time with 30 min per day of LPA or MVPA was associated with lower BMI, waist circumference, total fat, visceral adipose tissue, HbA1c, glucose, triglycerides, and higher body muscle mass and HDL cholesterol (all p-values < 0.05). Conclusions: Inactive time was associated with a poor cardio-metabolic profile. Isotemporal substitution of inactive time with MVPA and LPA or time in bed could have beneficial impact on cardio-metabolic health

Características celulares e bioquímicas do líquido peritoneal de equinos submetidos à obstrução experimental do duodeno, íleo e cólon maior

Estudaram-se as características macroscópicas, bioquímicas e citológicas do líquido peritoneal de equinos submetidos a um modelo experimental de obstrução intestinal em 24 animais, distribuídos em grupos: de controle instrumentado (GI), de obstrução do duodeno (GII), de obstrução do íleo (GIII) e de obstrução do cólon maior (GIV). As amostras de líquido peritoneal foram colhidas antes da cirurgia (T0), durante as obstruções (T60i-T180i) e após as desobstruções (T60ri-T7º ). Durante o período obstrutivo, não foram observadas alterações significativas nos parâmetros bioquímicos e citológicos avaliados no líquido peritoneal dos animais. Após as desobstruções, apenas os animais de GII e GIII apresentaram resposta inflamatória mais intensa, caracterizada por maior contagem global e diferencial de leucócitos e dos valores de proteína total, fibrinogênio, lactato e fósforo inorgânico. As alterações laboratoriais não foram associadas a sinais clínicos indicativos da presença de processo inflamatório abdominal, demonstrando que os resultados da análise do líquido peritoneal, apesar de auxiliarem no acompanhamento da evolução do processo de cura, não devem ser utilizados isoladamente na elaboração do diagnóstico e do prognóstico de complicações no pós-operatório de equinos com cólica.The macroscopic, biochemical, and cytological characteristics of peritoneal fluid of equines submitted to intestinal obstruction using an experimental model were evaluated. Twenty-four animals were distributed in four groups: instrumented control (GI), duodenum obstruction (GII), ileum obstruction (GIII), and large colon obstruction (GIV). Peritoneal fluid samples were collected before the surgery (T0), during the obstruction (T60i-T180i), and after unblocking procedures (T60ri-T7º ). During obstructive period, significant alterations were not observed in biochemical and cytological examination of peritoneal fluid of all animals. After unblocking procedure, animals from GII and GIII presented intense inflammatory response characterized by higher global and differential leukocytes counts, as well as in fibrinogen and total protein concentrations; lactate and inorganic phosphorus concentrations in peritoneal fluid were also increased. The laboratory alterations were not associated with clinical signs, indicative of the abdominal inflammatory process presence. Results showed that analyses of peritoneal fluids can be used as support in the evolution of healing process. However, they can not be isolated used for a diagnosis and prognosis of equine postoperative complications.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

Regulatory T cells in dogs with multicentric lymphoma: peripheral blood quantification at diagnosis and after initial stage chemotherapy

Lymphoma is the most common hematopoietic malignancy in dogs and one of the most frequent among all neoplastic diseases in this species. It can occur in several anatomical locations with distinct histological and immunophenotypes. Depending on the host immune response towards the tumor, prognosis information could be collected. Because its well established immunosuppressant, antitumor activity, the function of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in canine neoplasias has been investigated. In this study, we sought to quantify, using flow cytometry, the Tregs subpopulation in peripheral blood of healthy dogs (10) and in those diagnosed with type-B (14) and type-T (8) multicentric lymphoma before (at diagnosis) and after the first cycle (5-week) of 19-week Madison-Wisconsin (MW) protocol of chemotherapy. Our results indicated that dogs with lymphoma showed higher percentage of Tregs (18,84±2,56) when compared to healthy dogs (4,70±0,50) (P0,05). There was no difference in Tregs percentage between B-type (17,45±2,77) and T-type (21,27±5,27) lymphoma (P>0,05). With this, we conclude that canine lymphoma increases Tregs in the peripheral blood and the MW protocol of chemotherapy reduces this cell subpopulation to control values

Estabelecimento do eletroforetograma do líquido peritoneal de equinos hígidos e daqueles submetidos à obstrução intestinal experimental

The initial inflammatory stages of the colic syndrome include changes known as acute phase response. The aim of this study was to contribute with the establishment of reference values concerning the electrophoretogram of peritoneal liquid from healthy horses and horses submitted to experimentally induced intestinal obstruction. Twenty-one horses were allotted in four groups: duodenal obstruction (DG), ileum obstruction (IG), left-dorsal colon obstruction (MG), and control group (CG). Peritoneal liquid was sampled before obtruction (T0), with 3 hours of obstruction (T3) and 6, 30, 102 and 174 hours after desobstructing (T6, T30, T102 and T174, respectively). Total protein levels were determined by the biuret method and protein fractions were obtained by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. The acute phase proteins (APP) identified were Immunoglobulin-A, ceruloplasmin, transferrin, albumin, α1-antitrypsin, heavy and light chains of immunoglobulin-G, haptoglobin, α1-acid glycoprotein and a still unnamed protein, which was called P24. There was no difference (P>0.3) in protein levels among groups, although a significant difference (P>0.05) was observed between distinct experimental moments in each group evidencing a higher response of the APP in the obstructed groups. The APP fractioning of the peritoneal liquid was standardized to establish a standard curve for healthy equines and those submitted to induced intestinal obstruction. Moreover, it was verified that the SDS-PAGE electrophoresis was sensitive and effective to help diagnose abdominal inflammatory processes.Na cólica equina, os estágios iniciais da inflamação incluem alterações denominadas resposta de fase aguda. O objetivo deste estudo foi contribuir para o estabelecimento de valores de referência do proteinograma do líquido peritoneal de equinos hígidos e daqueles submetidos à obstrução intestinal experimental. Vinte e um animais foram distribuídos nos grupos: obstrução de duodeno (GD), íleo (GI), cólon dorsal esquerdo (GM) e controle instrumentado (GC). As colheitas das amostras de líquido peritoneal foram realizadas antes (T0), durante as obstruções (T3) e após as desobstruções (T6, T30, T102 e T174 horas). A proteína total foi determinada pelo método do biureto, e as frações proteicas obtidas por eletroforese em SDS-PAGE. Identificaram-se as proteínas de fase aguda (PFA): IgA, ceruloplasmina, transferrina, albumina, α1-antitripsina, cadeias pesada e leve de imunoglobulina-G, haptoglobina, alfa-1-glicoproteína ácida e uma proteína nominalmente não identificada, que foi chamada P24. Não houve diferença (P>0.3) nas concentrações proteicas entre os grupos, somente entre tempos dentro de cada grupo (P>0.05), evidenciando uma resposta maior das PFA dos grupos obstruídos. O fracionamento eletroforético das PFA, presentes no líquido peritoneal, foi padronizado de modo a estabelecer a curva-padrão para equinos hígidos e para aqueles submetidos à obstrução intestinal; ademais, verificou-se que o referido fracionamento proteico mostrou-se sensível e eficaz no auxílio ao diagnóstico de processos inflamatórios abdominais

Plasmocitoma extramedular em bulbo peniano de cão: relato de caso

O objetivo deste relato de caso é descrever a ocorrência de plasmocitoma em bulbo peniano de um cão, classificado como uma doença extramedular não cutânea de localização rara e casuística inédita. Um cão, sem raça definida, com sete anos de idade e pesando 15kg, não castrado, apresentou histórico clínico de anorexia, vômitos, anúria e constipação. Ao exame específico da genitália externa, foi encontrada uma massa em bulbo peniano durante a inspeção do prepúcio, aderida à pele e encapsulada, extremamente firme e arredondada, medindo cerca de 6cm de diâmetro. Por meio da ultrassonografia dessa estrutura, foi observado aumento do volume regional com ecotextura heterogênea e ecogenicidade mista, além de neovascularização tecidual ao Doppler colorido. Foi realizada biópsia da massa, sendo verificada a presença de neoplasia de células redondas. A caracterização do tumor foi realizada pela imuno-histoquímica, e as células neoplásicas foram imunoexpressas para CD79a e MUM1, indicando o diagnóstico de plasmocitoma extramedular. Embora os tumores penianos em cães sejam os predominantemente venéreos transmissíveis (TVT), e os plasmocitomas sejam neoplasias raras nessa localização, este relato de caso fornece com ineditismo a ocorrência de plasmocitoma extramedular em bulbo peniano de cão, condição ainda não descrita em veterinária

Criptococose diagnosticada por imprints de lesões em mucosa oral em cão

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski ([email protected]) on 2013-08-22T18:56:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S0102-09352010000500035.pdf: 584827 bytes, checksum: 57cf81cb20143d40513182ed65e5e482 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:56:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S0102-09352010000500035.pdf: 584827 bytes, checksum: 57cf81cb20143d40513182ed65e5e482 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-10-01Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T19:50:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0102-09352010000500035.pdf: 584827 bytes, checksum: 57cf81cb20143d40513182ed65e5e482 (MD5) S0102-09352010000500035.pdf.txt: 10003 bytes, checksum: c6a942ee0c578150ea35575f03ec7517 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-10-01Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues ([email protected]) on 2014-05-20T13:14:03Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S0102-09352010000500035.pdf: 584827 bytes, checksum: 57cf81cb20143d40513182ed65e5e482 (MD5) S0102-09352010000500035.pdf.txt: 10003 bytes, checksum: c6a942ee0c578150ea35575f03ec7517 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:14:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0102-09352010000500035.pdf: 584827 bytes, checksum: 57cf81cb20143d40513182ed65e5e482 (MD5) S0102-09352010000500035.pdf.txt: 10003 bytes, checksum: c6a942ee0c578150ea35575f03ec7517 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-10-01UNESP Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e VeterináriasUNESP Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinária

Quantification of Treg cells in peripheral blood and lymph nodes of dogs with multicentric lymphoma

ABSTRACT Lymphoma is a malignant tumor characterized by cell proliferation of lymphoid origin and corresponds to 90% of all hematopoietic neoplasms of dogs. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) have been the target of many investigations in oncology due to their potential of down-regulating immune responses, as well as ensuring the maintenance of active mechanisms of tumor suppression. The aims of the present study were to compare the percentage of Tregs in peripheral blood between dogs with multicentric lymphoma and healthy animals, together with the percentage of Tregs in peripheral blood and lymph nodes of dogs with multicentric lymphoma. Twenty-six animals were enrolled in the study: 10 healthy dogs comprised the control group (CG) and 16 dogs with multicentric lymphoma comprised the Lymphoma Group (LG). We observed that dogs in the LG showed a significantly higher Tregs expression in peripheral blood compared to the CG. No significant difference was observed between Tregs expression in lymph nodes and peripheral blood of the LG, however. With these results, it is possible to conclude that multicentric lymphoma is a neoplasm with high Tregs expression, which poses this as a condition of interest when investigating treatments that can suppress Regulatory T cells