Применение двух форм ингаляционного бесфреонового беклометазона дипропионата у больных бронхиальной астмой

The aim of this study was to compare clinical efficiency of Freon-free ultra-fine metered dose aerosol of beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) (Beclason ECO) and Easy-Breath system (Beclason ECO EB), or an inhaler with larger BDP particles (Beclojet). Methods. The study involved 120 moderate to severe asthma (BA) patients (the average age, 50 yrs; the mean length of the disease, 12 to 13 yrs). More than 75 % of the Beclason and Beclojet group patients have received inhaled steroids when starting the study (the mean doses, 542 ± 308 and 641 ± 379 mcg daily, respectively). The patients have been treated with Beclason ECO 500 mcg daily or Beclojet 1 000 mcg daily (moderate BA), Beclason ECO EB 750 mcg daily or Beclojet 1 500 mcg daily (severe BA) for 12 wks. Results. FEV1 increased by 18 and 20 % in Beclason ECO / Beclason ECO EB group and Beclojet group, correspondingly; FVC increased by the 11 and 21 %, and FEF25–75 grew by 26 and 24 % correspondingly by the end of the study. Daytime symptoms improved by 1.6 and 1.3 scores in the Beclason ECO / Beclason ECO EB patients and Beclojet patients correspondingly and nighttime symptoms improved by 1.0 score in both the groups. The need in beta-2-agonists reduced during the study by 3.1 and 3.4 doses daily correspondingly in the groups. Quality of life improved in both the groups, the difference between the groups was not significant. The inhaled drugs were well-tolerated, rate of unwanted events was low and quite similar in both the groups. Therefore, the freon-free ultra-fine aerosols of BDP (Beclason ECO and Beclason ECO EB) have the comparable clinical efficiency with freon-free non-ultra-fine aerosol (Beclojet) in the dose ratio 2 : 1.Цель исследования — изучение клинической эффективности применения в 2 раза меньшей дозы бесфреонового ультрамелкодиспесного беклометазона дипропионата (БДП) в обычном дозированном аэрозольном ингаляторе (Беклазон ЭКО) и в форме ингалятора Легкое Дыхание (Беклазон ЭКО ЛД) по сравнению с немелкодисперсным аналогом (Беклоджет). Методы. В исследование были включены 120 больных бронхиальной астмой (БА) тяжелого и среднетяжелого течения (средний возраст — около 50 лет, средняя длительность заболевания — 12–13 лет). Свыше 75 % больных на момент включения в исследование принимали иГКС (средняя доза — 542 ± 308 и 641 ± 379 мкг / сут. в группах больных, принимающих Беклоджет и Беклазон). Больные в течение 12 нед. получали терапию Беклазоном или Беклоджетом (среднетяжелая астма — Беклазон ЭКО 500 мкг / сут. либо Беклоджет 1 000 мкг /сут.; тяжелая астма — Беклазон ЭКО ЛД 750 мкг / сут. либо Беклоджет 1 500 мкг / сут.). Результаты. К концу исследования ОФВ1 вырос в среднем на 18 и 20 % в группах Беклазона ЭКО / Беклазона ЭКО ЛД и Беклоджета, ФЖЕЛ — на 11 и 21 %, МОС25–75% — на 26 и 24 % соответственно. Выраженность дневных симптомов уменьшилась в среднем на 1,6 и 1,3 балла в группах Беклазона ЭКО / Беклазона ЭКО ЛД и Беклоджета, выраженность ночных симптомов — на 1,0 и 1,0 балла соответственно. Во время исследования в обеих группах больных значительно сократилось число ингаляций β2-агонистов короткого действия — в среднем на 3,1 и 3,4 инг. в сутки. Отмечено значительное клинически значимое улучшение качества жизни у больных сравниваемых групп, при этом различий отмечено не было. Сравниваемые препараты хорошо переносились больными, число побочных эффектов было невелико и практически не различалось между группами больных. Выводы. Препараты бесфреонового БДП в виде ультра-мелкодисперсной формы (ингаляторы Беклазон ЭКО и Беклазон ЭКО ЛД) по своей клинической эффективности сравнимы с препаратами бесфреонового немелкодисперсного БДП (Беклоджет) при соотношении доз БДП 2 : 1

REGULATION OF MICROORGANISMS SENSITIVITY TO ANTAGONISTIC ACTIVE REPRESENTATIVES OF MUTUALISTICALLY MICROFLORA BY THE ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES

Aim. Study of the effect of antimicrobial peptides (AMP) on the sensitivity of the conditional pathogenic of bacteria to the action of antagonistic active of representatives mutualistically microflora. Materials and methods. The study used peptides from platelets of chicken obtained by the method of reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography in stepwise and linear gradients of increasing concentrations of organic solvent. The effect of AMP on the sensitivity of microorganisms to antagonistic active substances of the dominant bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus, and Enterococcus were investigated in a joint incubation. Antagonistic activity of bacteria studied the gup method. Results. Shown an increased expression of antagonistic activity of indigenous microflora in relation to associative microflora after concubinage with a peptide fractions from platelets of chicken. Conclusion. The obtained results allow to assume the existence of new mechanisms of formation of the colonization resistance of the biotope

Adsorption of Ions at Uncharged Insoluble Monolayers.

A method is proposed for the experimental determination of the adsorption of inorganic electrolytes at a surface covered with insoluble surfactant monolayer. This task is complicated by the fact that the change of the salt concentration alters both chemical potentials of the electrolyte and the surfactant. Our method resolves the question by combining data for the surface pressure versus area of the monolayer at several salt concentrations with data for the equilibrium spreading pressure of crystals of the surfactant (used to fix a standard state). We applied the method to alcohols spread at the surface of concentrated halide solutions. The measured salt adsorption is positive and has nonmonotonic dependence on the area per surfactant molecule. For the liquid expanded film, depending on the concentration, there is one couple of ions adsorbed per each 3-30 surfactant molecules. We analyzed which ion, the positive or the negative, stands closer to the surface, by measuring the effect of NaCl on the Volta potential of the monolayer. The potentiometric data suggest that Na(+) is specifically adsorbed, while Cl(-) remains in the diffuse layer, i.e., the surface is positively charged. The observed reverse Hofmeister series of the adsorptions of NaF, NaCl, and NaBr suggests the same conclusion holds for all these salts. The force that causes the adsorption of Na(+) seems to be the interaction of the ion with the dipole moment of the monolayer