Основные факторы риска артериальной гипертензии у детей и подростков

Department of Pediatrics Cardiology, Institute of CardiologyDespite the progress in terms of prevention, detection and therapeutic possibilities in recent years, hypertension (HT) remains one of the biggest challenges to public health, and the metabolic syndrome is the disease becoming the most common diagnoses in the 21st century. These conditions produce high rates of morbidity and mortality in the general population as well as in the contingent of young people. The problem of hypertension in children has become a major concern for pediatricians due to the increase in incidence of infants’ obesity and the correlation established between the child’s and adult’s hypertension. It argues for the prompt identification and removal of risk factors in children’s and adolescents’ age to reduce cardiovascular events in adults. Несмотря на прогресс в плане профилактики, выявления и терапевтических возможностей, в последние годы артериальная гипертензия (АГ) остается одним из самых больших проблем для общественного здравоохранения. И метаболический синдром, как болезнь, становится все более распространенным диагнозам в ХХI веке. Эти проблемы ведут к высокому уровню заболеваемости и смертности среди населения в целом, а также в контингенте молодых людей. Проблема артериальной гипертензии у детей стала серьезной проблемой для педиатров за счет увеличения числа случаев ожирения у детей и корреляции, установленной между гипертонией ребенка и взрослого. Это аргументирует раннее выявление и устранение факторов риска у детей и подростков для снижения сердечно-сосудистых осложнений у взрослых

Prevalence of hypertension and diabetes and coexistence of chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular risk in the population of the Republic of Moldova

In 2005, the International Society of Nephrology (ISN) established the Global Outreach Program (GO) aimed at building a capacity for detecting and managing chronic kidney disease and its complications in low- and middle-income countries. Here we report data from the 2006-2007 screening program (1025 subjects from the general population) in the Republic of Moldova aimed to determine the prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, and their coexistence with microalbuminuria. The likelihood of a serious cardiovascular (CV) event was also estimated. Hypertension and diabetes were very common among screened subjects. The prevalence of microalbuminuria was 16.9% and that of estimated GFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m2 (decreased renal function) was 9.4%. Male gender was associated with an increased prevalence of hypertension and microalbuminuria. Hypertension and diabetes clustered in subjects with microalbuminuria and renal dysfunction. Risk factors such as preobesity/obesity, physical inactivity and smoking were relatively common, even in younger participants. The prevalence of subjects with predicted 10-year CV risk 65 10% was 10.0%. In conclusion, in the Republic of Moldova patients with hypertension and diabetes should be screened for the coexistence of renal abnormalities, with the intention of developing disease-specific health-care interventions with the primary goal to reduce CV morbidity and mortality and prevent renal disease progression to end stage renal disease