Detection And Mapping (DAM) package. Volume 2a: Software user manual (part 1)

For abstract, see N77-18516

Compulsory No-Fault Medical Insurance for Automobile Owners

The enactment of the Massachusetts compulsory no-fault insurance bill, and Senator Phillip Hart\u27s recent introduction of national no-fault insurance legislation, indicate the serious consideration no-fault insurance is receiving as a method of reforming the existing auto accident compensation system. The current tort system of recovery of auto accident medical expenses is inefficient, and, in many cases, does not adequately compensate the injured parties. Compulsory no-fault insurance is well suited to remedy these deficiencies. Under a no-fault insurance plan, benefits would be paid without regard to the question of fault; consequently, every accident victim would receive compensation without first having to establish his right to recovery through a costly and time-consuming tort suit. Because introduction of a no-fault insurance scheme designed to pay the full amount of every accident victim\u27s damages would be a bold step into an unfamiliar area, state legislatures have been unwilling to enact comprehensive no-fault plans. Instead, the legislatures have tended to initiate insurance reform by considering no-fault plans which provide only limited benefits. The Massachusetts compulsory no-fault insurance bill is such a limited plan. Although it provides coverage for several elements of auto accident damages including medical expenses, lost wages, and certain other out-of-pocket expenses, the bill requires a minimum liability coverage of only $2,000 per person. Accident victims with damages not reimbursed by the limited coverage legislation retain their capacity to sue in tort for those uncompensated losses. At least two auto insurance reform proposals assert that even more limited no-fault coverage is necessary to permit the most effective possible reform. One of these proposals is the Crossover Medical Payment Plan of the American Bar Association. ABA conference groups are now studying and formulating the specific provisions of the plan. The other proposal, the Conard-Skillern, has already been extensively developed. Both contend that no-fault insurance reform would produce the greatest benefits if the no-fault coverage included only medical and rehabilitation expenses. The rationale for this limitation is that the deficiencies of the tort system are most damaging in the area of medical expenses recovery, and limited insurance reform would therefore be most effective if the no-fault insurance concentrated its resources on the satisfaction of medical and rehabilitation claims. Since the Conard-Skillern proposal has been specifically formulated, this note will concentrate upon a description and comparison of the Massachusetts Act of 1970 and the no-fault medical insurance proposal of Conard-Skillern

Finite-Dimensional Representations of the Quantum Superalgebra Uq_{q}[gl(2/2)]: II. Nontypical representations at generic qq

The construction approach proposed in the previous paper Ref. 1 allows us there and in the present paper to construct at generic deformation parameter $q$ all finite--dimensional representations of the quantum Lie superalgebra $U_{q}[gl(2/2)]$. The finite--dimensional $U_{q}[gl(2/2)]$-modules $W^{q}$ constructed in Ref. 1 are either irreducible or indecomposible. If a module $W^{q}$ is indecomposible, i.e. when the condition (4.41) in Ref. 1 does not hold, there exists an invariant maximal submodule of $W^{q}$, to say $I_{k}^{q}$, such that the factor-representation in the factor-module $W^{q}/I_{k}^{q}$ is irreducible and called nontypical. Here, in this paper, indecomposible representations and nontypical finite--dimensional representations of the quantum Lie superalgebra $U_{q}[gl(2/2)]$ are considered and classified as their module structures are analized and the matrix elements of all nontypical representations are written down explicitly.Comment: Latex file, 49 page

Overcharging effect in electrospray ionization mass spectra of daunomycin-tuftsin bioconjugates

Peptide-based small molecule drug conjugates for targeted tumor therapy are currently in the focus of intensive research. Anthracyclines, like daunomycin, are commonly used anticancer drug molecules and are also often applied in peptide-drug conjugates. However, lability of the O-glycosidic bond during electrospray ionization mass spectrometric analysis hinders the analytical characterization of the constructs. “Overprotonation” can occur if daunomycin is linked to positively charged peptide carriers, like tuftsin derivatives. In these molecules, the high number of positive charges enhances the in-source fragmentation significantly, leading to complex mass spectra composed of mainly fragment ions. Therefore, we investigated different novel tuftsin-daunomycin conjugates to find an appropriate condition for mass spectrometric detection. Our results showed that shifting the charge states to lower charges helped to keep ions intact. In this way, a clear spectrum could be obtained containing intact protonated molecules only. Shifting of the protonation states to lower charges could be achieved with the use of appropriate neutral volatile buffers and with tuning the ion source parameters

Detection And Mapping (DAM) package. Volume 1: General procedure

The author has identified the following significant results. The DAM package is an integrated set of manual procedures, computer programs, and graphic devices designed for efficient production of precisely registered and formatted maps from digital LANDSAT multispectral scanner data. The software can be readily implemented on any Univac 1100 series computer with standard peripheral equipment. This version of the software includes predefined spectral limits for use in classifying and mapping surface water

Estimating the potential of U.S. urban infrastructure albedo enhancement as climate mitigation in the face of climate variability

The climate mitigation potential of U.S. urban infrastructure albedo enhancement is explored using multidecadal regional climate simulations. Increasing albedo from 0.2 to 0.4 results in summer daytime surface temperature decreases of 1.5°C, substantial reductions in health-related heat (50% decrease in days with danger heat advisory) and decreases in energy demand for air conditioning (15% decrease in cooling degree days) over the U.S. urban areas. No significant impact is found outside urban areas. Most regional modeling studies rely on short simulations; here, we use multidecadal simulations to extract the forced signal from the noise of climate variability. Achieving a ±0.5°C margin of error for the projected impacts of urban albedo enhancement at a 95% confidence level entails using at least 5 simulation years. Finally, single-year higher-resolution simulations, requiring the same computing power as the multidecadal coarser-resolution simulations, add little value other than confirming the overall magnitude of our estimates.This work was supported by the Concrete Sustainability Hub at MIT, with sponsorship provided by the Portland Cement Association and the RMC Research & Education Foundation, and by the US Department of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, under grant DE-FG02-94ER61937. The MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change is funded by a number of federal agencies and a consortium of 40 industrial and foundation sponsors. For a complete list of sponsors, see http://globalchange.mit.edu

Replacement cross-site transfer system project W-058 safety class upgrade summary report

This report evaluates the design of the replacement cross-site transfer system structures, systems, and components for safety related applications as defined in the Tank Waste Remediation Systems Basis for Interim Operations