235 research outputs found
Palladium catalyzed hydrodechlorination of *-chloroacetophenones by hydrogen transfer from the H2O-CO system
Advertisements for gambling products have historically been restricted due to their potential to normalize gambling and contribute to excessive gambling behaviours among vulnerable populations. However, social media enables gambling operators to promote products and brands with fewer constraints than in traditional forms of media. This study investigated how social media is used by gambling operators to promote gambling activities including an analysis of the latent messages that are conveyed. A representative sample of major land-based and online gambling venues and operators, including casinos, clubs, hotels, lottery and wagering operators (n = 101), was obtained. Websites and social media profiles of gambling operators were audited to investigate the types of social media used, content of promotions, and prevalence of responsible gambling messaging. The results showed that Facebook and Twitter were the dominant platforms used, most commonly by casinos and online wagering operators. A key finding was that online gambling operators included gambling content in conjunction with related news and events, as well as unrelated content, as way of normalizing gambling within a broader social context. Unlike land-based gambling promotions, responsible gambling information tended not to feature in operators’ posts and profiles. The key messages propagated in social media gambling promotions were positively framed, and tended to encourage gambling using a range of cross-promotional tactics to emphasize the winning aspect of gambling. The implications of freely accessible and pervasive gambling promotions via social media are discussed with respect to the general community as well as vulnerable populations.This study was commissioned by Gambling Research Australia—a partnership between the Commonwealth, State and Territory Governments. GRA had no involvement in the research design, conduct, analysis or the preparation of this paper
Trifluoroacetic Acid Hydroxylamine System as Organocatalyst Reagent in a One-Pot Salt Free Process for the Synthesis of Caprolactam and Amides of Industrial Interest
Abstract
In this work we studied the reactivity of the Trifuoroacetic acid hydroxylamine system in the one step salt free synthesis of
amides from ketones. A particular regards was paid to the caprolactam synthesis because of its industrial relevance. Synthesis, reactivity and characterization of the hydroxylamine trifuoroacetate is given. Fast oximation reaction of several ketones
was gained at room temperature (1 h of reaction quantitative conversion for several ketones). In the same reactor, by raising
the temperature at 383 K, the Beckmann rearrangement of the so obtained oximes is easily accomplished in the presence of
three equivalent of TFA. The possibility of obtaining the trifuoroacetate of the hydroxylamine with a modifed nitric acid
hydrogenation reactions was verifed, too. Reuse of solvent and trifuoroacetic acid is easily achieved by distillation
Selective hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexene using a Ru catalyst suspended in an aqueous solution in a mechanically agitated tetraphase reactor: a study of the influence of the catalyst preparation on the hydrogenation kinetics of benzene and of cyclohexene
Selective hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexene catalyzed by Ru supported catalysts: Influence of the alkali promoters on kinetics, selectivity and yield
Surfactant Aided Reductive Carbonylation of Nitrobenzene inWater Catalyzed by Pd Complexes
The catalytic carbonylation of nitroarenes is a field of high interest from a technological point of view, since provides an environmentally benign route to a number of important industrial
products, such as isocyanates, carbamates, ureas, azoarenes and azoxyarenes, amines, amides, oximes and several types of heterocyclic compounds. The reductive carbonylation of
nitrobenzene in water carried out by using Pd(II)-solvable catalyst precursors, leads to aniline, as major product. In the present paper we propose the micellar catalytic reductive
carbonylation of nitrobenzene in water. The Pd(II) catalyst precursors tested are synthesized by using cheaper commercial insolvable ligands, such as triphenylphosphine (PPh3), 1,3-
bis(diphenylphosphino)propane (dppp) and 1, 10-phenantroline (phen). The influence on the conversion and on the selectivity of such precursors has been evaluated in combination with
commercial anionic (SDS), cationic (TBAB) and non ionic (Triton X 100) surfactants.
We have found that all the Pd(II) complexes tested are efficiently dissolved in each O/W emulsions but the conversion is strongly influenced by the nature of ligand. By using Pd(OAc)2(PPh3)2, high selectivity towards azo- and azo-oxybenzene has been obtained. The influence of some reaction parameters has been further evaluated and optimized
Supported Ru catalysts: a study of the influence of supports, promoters and preparative variables on the catalytic activity and selectivity
Selective hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexene using a suspended Ru catalyst in a mechanichally agitated tetraphase reactor
Selective oxidations by nitrosating agents: Part 2: Oxidations of alcohols and ketones over solid acid catalysts
Preparation, characterization, activity and selectivity of Highly loaded oxide promoted Ruthenium catalysts for selective hydrogenation of benzene to cyclohexene
Hydrogenation of mandelic acid derivatives to the corresponding phenil acetic acid derivative catalysed by Pd/C. A kinetic study
- …