38 research outputs found
Quantitative and qualitative analysis of the production of agmnpv polyhedra through serial passaging in SF9 insect cells.
Intermediate Phenotypes Identify Divergent Pathways to Alzheimer's Disease
Background: Recent genetic studies have identified a growing number of loci with suggestive evidence of association with susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, little is known of the role of these candidate genes in influencing intermediate phenotypes associated with a diagnosis of AD, including cognitive decline or AD neuropathologic burden. Methods/Principal Findings: Thirty-two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously implicated in AD susceptibility were genotyped in 414 subjects with both annual clinical evaluation and completed brain autopsies from the Religious Orders Study and the Rush Memory and Aging Project. Regression analyses evaluated the relation of SNP genotypes to continuous measures of AD neuropathology and cognitive function proximate to death. A SNP in the zinc finger protein 224 gene (ZNF224, rs3746319) was associated with both global AD neuropathology (p = 0.009) and global cognition (p = 0.002); whereas, a SNP at the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase locus (PCK1, rs8192708) was selectively associated with global cognition (p = 3.57×10−4). The association of ZNF224 with cognitive impairment was mediated by neurofibrillary tangles, whereas PCK1 largely influenced cognition independent of AD pathology, as well as Lewy bodies and infarcts. Conclusions/Significance: The findings support the association of several loci with AD, and suggest how intermediate phenotypes can enhance analysis of susceptibility loci in this complex genetic disorder
Adaptive Evolution in Zinc Finger Transcription Factors
The majority of human genes are conserved among mammals, but some gene families have undergone extensive expansion in particular lineages. Here, we present an evolutionary analysis of one such gene family, the poly–zinc-finger (poly-ZF) genes. The human genome encodes approximately 700 members of the poly-ZF family of putative transcriptional repressors, many of which have associated KRAB, SCAN, or BTB domains. Analysis of the gene family across the tree of life indicates that the gene family arose from a small ancestral group of eukaryotic zinc-finger transcription factors through many repeated gene duplications accompanied by functional divergence. The ancestral gene family has probably expanded independently in several lineages, including mammals and some fishes. Investigation of adaptive evolution among recent paralogs using dN/dS analysis indicates that a major component of the selective pressure acting on these genes has been positive selection to change their DNA-binding specificity. These results suggest that the poly-ZF genes are a major source of new transcriptional repression activity in humans and other primates
Nurses' perceptions of aids and obstacles to the provision of optimal end of life care in ICU
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Etapas do desenvolvimento de uma formulação pó molhável para o Baculovirus anticarsia: secagem e caracterização da superfície do poliedro.
As primeiras etapas selecionadas para o estudo de uma formulação pó molhável foram a caracterização de superfície quanto a morfologia (MEV) e carga, e a influencia do método de secagem na dispersibilidade das partículas. O vírus foi obtido de lagartas infectadas (CNPSo) e purificado pelo método de Van der Geest. A dispersão resultante apresenta uma distribuição de tamanho entre 1.6 e 1.9 micra, permanecendo invariável quando a preparação foi armazenada ate 6 meses sob refrigeração. O ponto isoelétrico dos poliedros de NPV de B. anticarsia, determinado a partir de gráfico de mobilidade versus pH e 4,5, sendo que em pHs superiores, as partículas estão carregadas negativamente. As dispersões foram secas por liofilização, spray dryer e estufa (27 C.). O processo de secagem determina o estado de agregação, quando os poliedros são dispersos novamente em água, com tamanho ate 27 micra, difíceis de redispersar, enquanto a secagem por spray dryer resulta em um material pouco aglomerado e facilmente dispersível
Etapas do desenvolvimento de uma formulação pó molhável para o Baculovirus anticarsia: secagem e caracterização da superfície do poliedro.
As primeiras etapas selecionadas para o estudo de uma formulação pó molhável foram a caracterização de superfície quanto a morfologia (MEV) e carga, e a influencia do método de secagem na dispersibilidade das partículas. O vírus foi obtido de lagartas infectadas (CNPSo) e purificado pelo método de Van der Geest. A dispersão resultante apresenta uma distribuição de tamanho entre 1.6 e 1.9 micra, permanecendo invariável quando a preparação foi armazenada ate 6 meses sob refrigeração. O ponto isoelétrico dos poliedros de NPV de B. anticarsia, determinado a partir de gráfico de mobilidade versus pH e 4,5, sendo que em pHs superiores, as partículas estão carregadas negativamente. As dispersões foram secas por liofilização, spray dryer e estufa (27 C.). O processo de secagem determina o estado de agregação, quando os poliedros são dispersos novamente em água, com tamanho ate 27 micra, difíceis de redispersar, enquanto a secagem por spray dryer resulta em um material pouco aglomerado e facilmente dispersível
Characterization of a silencer that modulates transcription of the human distal aldolase A promoter
Transcription from the distal promoter (pL) of the human aldolase A gene is driven by both positive and negative cis-acting elements. With footprinting and gel mobility assays we defined: (i) the position of the negative regulatory cis-element (AldA-NRE), which spans a GA-rich sequence; (ii) the sequence of AldA-NRE, which is critical for protein specific binding and is homologous to other silencer-like motifs. Removal of the negative cis-element fully restores the expression of the distal promoter. Insertion of the AldA-NRE upstream from a heterologous promoter results in a 6-fold decrease in CAT reporter gene expression, suggesting that AldA-NRE might be involved in a more general type of mechanism that mediates repression of gene transcription. © 1995 Academic Press, Inc