Radiation Due to Josephson Oscillations in Layered Superconductors

We derive the power of direct radiation into free space induced by Josephson oscillations in intrinsic Josephson junctions of highly anisotropic layered superconductors. We consider the super-radiation regime for a crystal cut in the form of a thin slice parallel to the c-axis. We find that the radiation correction to the current-voltage characteristic in this regime depends only on crystal shape. We show that at large enough number of junctions oscillations are synchronized providing high radiation power and efficiency in the THz frequency range. We discuss crystal parameters and bias current optimal for radiation power and crystal cooling.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, to be published in Phys. Rev. Let

Development of neutron activation analysis procedures for the determination of oxygen in potassium final report, period ending 15 dec. 1964

Neutron activation analysis for determination of oxygen in potassiu

Self-contained Kondo effect in single molecules

Kondo coupling of f and conduction electrons is a common feature of f-electron intermetallics. Similar effects should occur in carbon ring systems(metallocenes). Evidence for Kondo coupling in Ce(C8H8)2 (cerocene) and the ytterbocene Cp*2Yb(bipy) is reported from magnetic susceptibility and L_III-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy. These well-defined systems provide a new way to study the Kondo effect on the nanoscale, should generate insight into the Anderson Lattice problem, and indicate the importance of this often-ignored contribution to bonding in organometallics.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures (eps

Single-Electron Traps: A Quantitative Comparison of Theory and Experiment

We have carried out a coordinated experimental and theoretical study of single-electron traps based on submicron aluminum islands and aluminum oxide tunnel junctions. The results of geometrical modeling using a modified version of MIT's FastCap were used as input data for the general-purpose single-electron circuit simulator MOSES. The analysis indicates reasonable quantitative agreement between theory and experiment for those trap characteristics which are not affected by random offset charges. The observed differences between theory and experiment (ranging from a few to fifty percent) can be readily explained by the uncertainty in the exact geometry of the experimental nanostructures.Comment: 17 pages, 21 figures, RevTex, eps

Shared Decision Making for Clients With Mental Illness: A Randomized Factorial Survey

Objective: The goal of this study was to test the degree to which client clinical characteristics and environmental context and social workers’ practice values and experience influenced support for client’s autonomy and willingness to engage in shared decision making (SDM), and whether willingness to engage in SDM was mediated by support for autonomy. Method: A randomized factorial survey of social workers working with adults with severe mental illness was employed. Eighty-seven social workers responded yielding 435 vignettes. Results: Hypotheses were partially supported. Diagnosis, symptomology, threats of harm, treatment adherence, substance use, and social workers’ values and experience predicted support for autonomy and willingness to engage in SDM. Willingness to engage in SDM was modestly mediated by support for autonomy. Conclusion: Helping social workers avoid bias in decision making is critical to the goal of supporting clients’ autonomy, building their capacity, minimizing disempowerment, and promoting recovery

"A Great Blessing to Defective Humanity": Women and the Eugenics Movement in North Carolina, 1910-1940

This thesis examines the various ways that white middle-class women in early twentieth-century North Carolina drew on eugenics ideology as part of broad social reform efforts. Several groups of women--clubwomen, female state welfare officials, and female social workers--had divergent goals in their appropriation of eugenics principles, but nevertheless cooperated to create state-run custodial institutions and a sterilization program. I analyze how female reformers' individual circumstances and identities tinged their political stances and forays into eugenics and progressivism, emphasizing the diversity of viewpoints among women reformers in North Carolina. I argue that examining the way individuals interpreted and employed eugenics principles is critical to understanding the eugenics movement generally, as it provides a nuanced view of the impact of eugenics on the lives of both reformers and targets--their fellow citizens

The Reform Imagination: Gender, Eugenics, and the Welfare State in North Carolina, 1900-1940

This dissertation provides a grassroots social and intellectual history of how a modern social welfare state emerged in tandem with a southern eugenics movement in the early twentieth century. In so doing, it demonstrates the lasting influence of eugenics in shaping welfare policies: by dividing the fit from the unfit, eugenics ideology helped rationalize decisions about who deserves the full benefits of the welfare state and whose reproduction must be regulated to protect the greater good. North Carolina stands out for its social welfare innovation and its long history of eugenic sterilization. Examining its eugenics and social welfare programs side by side reveals overlaps in personnel, assumptions, methods, and goals. A coalition of powerful, white, Progressive reformers (including clubwomen, doctors, middle-class businessmen, and social welfare professionals) embedded principles of eugenics in the welfare programs they built on local and state levels before the New Deal. Although eugenics never became the coalition's primary focus, many of these reformers embraced eugenics as a tool of social policy, shaped by and shaping their other strategies for social change. Reformers at the vanguard encountered eugenics ideology in the first decade of the twentieth century as they sought ways to improve the state's social welfare programs. Through efforts to create a school for the feeble-minded, they spread knowledge about eugenics to a wider circle of Progressives. When reformers succeeded in restructuring the state's welfare bureaucracy, a new corps of social workers, mostly women, learned eugenics principles as part of their professional training. Throughout their campaigns, reformers' gender and professional status shaped their understanding of and strategies for promoting welfare and eugenics. The passage of a series of sterilization laws from 1919 to 1933 reflected the success of earlier educational campaigns as well as the fact that many North Carolinians saw eugenics initiatives as efficient, affordable strategies in a state woefully lacking in meaningful social services. In linking eugenics and welfare, this dissertation offers new ways to think about southern Progressivism, gendered reform strategies, and the politics of state-building.Doctor of Philosoph