Studies on correlations between immunophenotype and the indices of metabolic enzyme activity of blood lymphocytes in children with hypertrophy of the pharyngeal tonsils

The objective of our study was to evaluate correlation between the immune pheno-type and activity indices of NAD (P)-dependent dehydrogenases in peripheral blood lymphocytes in young children with hypertrophy of the pharyngeal tonsil (HPT). We have examined 57 children, 1-3 years of age, with hypertrophy of the pharyngeal tonsils (HPT). The control group consisted of 35 healthy children of the same age. The numbers of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD19+, CD16+/56+ lymphoid cells in peripheral blood were determined by flow cytofluorimetry technique. Activity of NAD (P)-dependant dehydrogenases in peripheral blood lymphocytes was studied using bioluminescent method as described elsewhere (А. Savchenko, L. Suntsova, 1989). Correlation analysis has revealed an increase of positive correlations, a decrease of the correlation strength, and emergence of new connections between phenotype and activity indices of NAD (P)-dependent dehydrogenases in peripheral blood lymphocytes in children with hypertrophy of pharyngeal tonsils (HPT). Specific correlation patterns between the phenotype and activity indices of NAD (P)-dependent dehydrogenases in peripheral blood lymphocytes have been revealed in children with hypertrophy of pharyngeal tonsils (HPT)

Clinical case of primary immunodeficiency: X-linked agammaglobulinemia

Aclinical case ofprimary immunodeficiency state (PIDS) is described: X-linked agammaglobulinemia in the boy of 8 years old. The results of molecular genetic studies: gene btk (ex 1-19) genome version GRCh38.p5, transcript version ENST00000308731 single nucleotide substitution identified с.1027С > Т in homozygous state leading to premature stop codon p.Gln343Ter (p.Q343*). The presented clinical case reflects the low alertness of pediatricians for PIDS. At the same time, a delay in diagnosis and prescription of treatment aggravates the prognosis of the disease course and reduces the quality of the patient life

КЛЕТОЧНАЯ ЧУВСТВИТЕЛЬНОСТЬ ЛЕЙКОЦИТОВ КРОВИ IN VITRO К ИНТЕРФЕРОНУ-α2 В ДИНАМИКЕ ЭПШТЕЙНА - БАРР ВИРУСНОЙ ИНФЕКЦИИ У ДЕТЕЙ

In this study, the cellular sensitivity of white blood cells in vitro to interferon-α2 in children with EBV-infection in the acute period of the disease in terms of the 1, 6, 12 months after a previous infection. Found that children in the dynamics of the EBV-infection, preservation of cell sensitivity at the same level at 1 month after the disease is seen in 40,5% children, 6 months – 27,8% patients. Lack of cell sensitivity to interferon-α2 blood leukocytes in 12 months after undergoing a EBV-infection observed in 88,9% of children. During repeated courses interferon-therapy to study cellular sensitivity of blood leukocytes for individual selection of the drug.В статье приведены результаты изучения клеточной чувствительности лейкоцитов крови in vitro к интерферону-α2 в остром периоде Эпштейна – Барр вирусной инфекции и в сроки через 1, 6, 12 месяцев после перенесенного заболевания. Установлено, что изменение клеточной чувствительности лейкоцитов крови in vitro к интерферону-α2 в динамике заболевания носит индивидуальный характер. Это обусловливает необходимость повторного исследования клеточной чувствительности лейкоцитов крови in vitro к интерферону-α2 в указанные сроки при назначении повторных курсов интерферонотерапии

ФЕНОТИПИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ КЛЕТОК ОСАДКА МОЧИ БОЛЬНЫХ НЕИНВАЗИВНЫМ РАКОМ МОЧЕВОГО ПУЗЫРЯ

More than 430,000 new cases of bladder cancer are diagnosed every year in the world, and approximately 70–80 % of patients present with non-invasive disease. To improve the effectiveness of early detection of bladder cancer, high sensitivity diagnostic tools should be used. In our study we used flow cytometry to determine surface markers in urinary sediment cells of patients with bladder cancer. The analysis of the phenotypic features of urinary sediment cells showed an increase in the relative content of CD13+ cells in patients with non-invasive bladder cancer in comparison with the control group. In addition, there was a 4.8-fold increase in cells expressing CD15 surface antigen (p<0.001) and 4.9-fold increase in cells expressing CD45 surface antigen (p<0.001). Considering the fact, that most patients with bladder cancer develop recurrence after treatment, we studied the relationship between the expression level of surface markers of urinary sediment cells and the development of disease recurrence. The absence of differences in the level of CD15+ cells in urinary sediment of patients with recurrent bladder cancer can be explained by the absence of differences in proliferative activity of recurrent and non-recurrent tumors. The higher level of CD13+ cells in patients with recurrent bladder cancer indicates greater depth of tumor invasion. It is obvious that the deeper the tumor invasion into the submucosal layer of the bladder, the greater the likelihood of non-radical transurethral resection and the development of disease recurrence. Thus, the analysis of the level of CD13+ and CD45+ cells in the urinary sediment can provide information on tumor invasion into the bladder submucosal layer and the risk of bladder cancer recurrence.В мире ежегодно диагностируется более 430 тыс. новых случаев рака мочевого пузыря (РМП), при этом у 70–80 % больных выявляется неинвазивный рак. Для повышения эффективности раннего выявления рака мочевого пузыря необходимо использовать высокочувствительные методы диагностики, в основе которых лежит выявление различных онкомаркеров. В работе описано применение метода проточной цитометрии для определения поверхностных маркеров клеточного осадка мочи. Обнаружено повышение относительного содержания в клеточном осадке клеток, экспрессирующих поверхностный антиген CD13, у пациентов с неинвазивным раком мочевого пузыря по сравнению с показателями контрольной группы. В группе больных выявлено увеличение в осадке мочи в 4,8 раза клеток, экспрессирующих поверхностный антиген CD15, и в 4,9 раза клеток, экспрессирующих антиген CD45. В большинстве случаев при раке мочевого пузыря после комбинированного лечения отмечается рецидив опухолей. В связи с этим изучение зависимости уровня экспрессии поверхностных маркеров клеток осадка мочи от развития рецидива заболевания представляется актуальным. Отсутствие различий в количестве CD15+-клеток в осадке мочи у пациентов с развитием рецидива можно объяснить отсутствием разницы в пролиферативной активности рецидивирующих и нерецидивирующих опухолей. Большее количество CD13+-клеток в группе пациентов с развитием рецидива отражает глубину поражения органа. Эти данные важны, так как при более глубокой инвазии опухоли в подслизистый слой мочевого пузыря возникает большая вероятность нерадикального выполнения трансуретральной резекции и последующего развития рецидива заболевания. Таким образом, изучение содержания CD13+- и CD45+-клеток в осадке мочи дает важную информацию не только об инвазии опухоли в подслизистый слой, но и о вероятности возникновения рецидива рака мочевого пузыря.

FEATURES OF IMMUNE RESPONSE AND METABOLIC CHANGES IN LYMPHOCYTES FROM PERIPHERAL BLOOD IN YOUNGER CHILDREN WITH RECURRENT OBSTRUCTIVE BRONCHITIS

The aim of the work was to study the parameters of T-cells, humoral immunity and activity of NAD(P)- dependent dehydrogenases in lymphocytes from peripheral blood at young children with recurrent obstructive bronchitis (ROB). Patients and Methods: Fifty-four children at the age of 1-3 years with ROB were observed. The control group consisted of 35 healthy children at similar age. The numbers of СD3+, СD4+, СD8+, СD19+ cells in peripheral blood were determined by flow cytofluorimetric technique. IgA, IgM, and IgG concentrations in blood serum were evaluated by G. Mancini et al. (1965); circulating immune complexes (CIC), by V. Haskova et al. (1978); total IgE test was performed with “Total IgE – IFA Best” system (Russia). Relative activity of NAD (P)-dependent dehydrogenase in peripheral blood lymphocytes was studied according to A. Savchenko et al.(1989). The results of this study have revealed changed phenotypic spectrum of peripheral blood lymphocyte populations; a statistically significant reduction in IgA concentration, and a tendency for increased IgE levels in blood serum in the children with ROB. An increase of ribose-5-phosphate- and NADPdependent metabolic processes; reduced lactate dehydrogenase anaerobic reactions; a switch from lipid catabolism products to glycolysis; a shunt role of malate/aspartate in cell energy supply, and for glutathione reductase activity; elevated levels of substrate flow along Krebs cycle in peripheral blood lymphocytes were registered as well. It may be concluded that the change of phenotype and enzymatic activity of blood lymphocytes, selective IgA deficiency in blood serum could be shown in the younger children with recurrent obstructive bronchitis

EFFECTS OF INTERFERON THERAPY UPON IMMUNE MARKER PROFILE AND ENZYMATIC ACTIVITY IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES OF PATIENTS WITH RENAL CANCER

We have observed forty-four patients with metastatic renal cancer before and after interferon therapy. Immune markers of of peripheral blood lymphocytes were determined by flow cytometry. Activity of NAD (P)-dependent dehydrogenase in blood lymphocytes was studied by means of bioluminescence technique. Changes of immune marker profiles and enzymatic activities of peripheral blood lymphocytes were found in patients with renal cancer after a course of interferon therapy

IMMUNOLOGICAL INDEXES AND CYTOKINE PROFILE IN THE CHILDREN DURING INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS CAUSED BY EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS

Abstract. Sixty-nine children (5 to 14 years old) with infectious mononucleosis caused by EBV were observed in acute phase and during recovery period. The indexes under study did evaluate cell-mediated and humoral immunity, levels of spontaneous and mitogen-induced production of IL-2, IL-10, IFNγ by peripheral blood mononuclears. We have founded appropriate changes to be dependent on clinical phase of the disease. The most significant changes were revealed during acute phase of disease. A positive dynamics of cell-mediated and humoral immune response was observed during convalescence period. However, complete normalization of most immunologic indexes and cytokine status did not occur, corresponding to the clinical signs. This situation necessitates immune rehabilitation to be carried out for the children having at this phase of infectious mononucleosis

FEATURES NEUTROPHIL CHEMILUMINESCENCE OF PERIPHERAL BLOOD IN ONCOUROLOGICAL PATIENTS IN THE DISEASE DYNAMICS

Study Objectives – the study of indicators and luminol- lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence of peripheral blood neutrophils in patients with renal cell carcinoma and bladder cancer prior to the surgery and 10 days after surgery. Held for observation of renal cell carcinoma and bladder cancer patients prior to the (n = 60) and 10 days after surgery (n = 46), aged 45-55 years. The control group consisted of 56 healthy blood donors. Luminol- and lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence of blood neutrophils estimated De Sole et al. (1983).In patients with renal cell carcinoma and bladder cancer in blood neutrophils showed a change of the system of production of reactive oxygen species in the course of the disease. The observed changes depend on the localization of the tumor process. In patients with renal cell carcinoma changes mainly affect the primary production of reactive oxygen species in patients with bladder cancer early stages of oxidative metabolism and secondary reactive oxygen species. Restoring compensatory metabolic capacity of blood neutrophils in the postoperative period will occur in patients with bladder cancer.The findings clarify the features of the chemiluminescence response of peripheral blood neutrophils from oncourological patients that should probably be used in the development of immune rehabilitation programs in this category of patients in the postoperative period

IN VITRO CELLULAR RESPONSE TO INTERFERON-α2 IN CHILDREN WITH INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS CAUSED BY EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS

Our objective was to study in vitro response of blood leukocytes to IFNα2 in children with infectious mononucleosis, caused by the Epstein-Barr virus, during the acute phase of disease. Patients and methods. Sixty-five children at the age of 4 to 6 years, being in acute phase of infectious mononucleosis caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) were under study. The control group consisted of 36 healthy children. In vitro response of blood leukocytes to IFNα2 was determined by the original technique (L.M. Kurtasova et al., 2007). Chemiluminescence of the blood leukocytes was studied according to De Sole et al. (1989). Results. We observed that clinical condition of the children with EBV infection in acute phase of the disease was characterized by decreased ranges of blood leukocyte response to IFNα2, and dependence of the cellular response on the dose, as well as severity of the disease. In conclusion, these data suggest a need for individual strategy of interferon therapy for the children with infectious mononucleosis caused by the Epstein-Barr virus