ASSESSMENT OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF SPECIALISTS TRAINED FOR THE NATIONAL ECONOMY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The article describes and analyses the results of the monitoring carried out following the results of the training of specialists trained for organizations of the national economy of the Russian Federation in accordance with the state plan for the training of management personnel. The data of the last monitoring of the 2019/2020 academic years were compared with the results of previous years using general scientific and specific sociological methods. Based on the results of the analysis, the author proposes changes and innovations in the methodology for assessing the professional competence of the graduates of the Program. The assessment methodology has a clear structure, stages, uses mathematical tools to calculate the level of competence in order to exclude subjectivity in the analysis

Impact of topical anti-inflammatory therapy on morpho-functional characteristics of epidermal barrier. Optimization of atopic dermatitis treatment schedules

In this literature review data regarding impact of topical therapy with topical corticosteroids (TCS) and tacrolimus ointment on morpho-functional characteristics of epidermal barrier is analyzed. Whereas TCS has profound negative impact on nearly all epidermal barrier parameters, including epidermal structure and thickness, integrity and cohesion of stratum corneum, protease activity, hydration, pH, differentiation, lipid lamellae structure etc., tacrolimus ointment (Protopic®) exerts positive effect on the majority of the aforementioned parameters, thus allowing to compensate deleterious effect of TCS. These data allow defining recommendations upon optimization of topical therapy of atopic dermatitis with stepwise switching from TCS to Protopic® ointment

Таргетная терапия псориаза: ингибирование сигнального пути ИЛ-23 — данные клинических исследований и реальной практики

The article presents the results of clinical studies of the efficacy and safety of the use of a new drug of genetically engineered biological therapy guselkumab. Guselkumab is the first representative of the interleukin-23 (IL-23) inhibitor class and has a number of advantages over existing therapy. According to direct comparative randomized clinical trials, guselkumab is superior in the short-term and, most importantly, in the long-term to most genetically engineered biologic drugs, including TNF- inhibitors, secukinumab and ustekinumab. In phase 3 studies (VOYAGE 1 and VOYAGE 2), the ECLIPSE study shows that guselkumab can achieve complete (PASI 100) and almost complete (PASI 90) skin cleansing by 16 weeks from the start of therapy in 37.4 and 73.3% of patients, respectively, with a subsequent increase in the proportion of patients with clean and almost clean skin by 24 weeks to 44.4 and 80.2%, respectively, and maintaining the achieved performance indicators for 4 years at the level of 51.7 and 84.0% respectively. One of the potential advantages of IL-23 inhibitors is also the long-term maintenance of the achieved effect after treatment cessation. Guselkumab therapy is characterized by a favorable safety profile comparable to ustekinumab. During the follow-up period of patients in the course of randomized controlled trials of phase 3, data were obtained on the high safety of the drug and the absence of significant risks for serious infections, cardiovascular events, malignancies or suicidal tendencies. The drug is effective for insufficient response to adalimumab and ustekinumab. The article presents 3 clinical cases of guselkumab use in patients with severe, including "problematic" psoriasis, comorbid pathology, with inefficiency or intolerance to systemic therapy, with secondary inefficiency of adalimumab. All patients managed to achieve a PASI of 90/100. No adverse events were observed.В статье представлены результаты клинических исследований эффективности и безопасности применения нового препарата генно-инженерной биологической терапии гуселькумаба. Гуселькумаб является первым представителем класса ингибиторов ИЛ-23 и имеет ряд преимуществ перед существующей терапией. По данным прямых сравнительных рандомизированных клинических исследований, гуселькумаб превосходит по эффективности в краткосрочной и, что особенно важно, в долгосрочной перспективе большинство ГИБП, в том числе ингибиторы ФНО-, секукинумаб, устекинумаб. В исследованиях фазы 3 (VOYAGE 1 и VOYAGE 2), исследовании ECLIPSE показано, что гуселькумаб позволяет достичь полного (PASI 100) и почти полного (PASI 90) очищения кожи уже к 16-й неделе от начала терапии у 37,4 и 73,3% пациентов соответственно, с последующим нарастанием доли пациентов с чистой и почти чистой кожей к 24-й неделе до 44,4 и 80,2% соответственно и удержанием достигнутых показателей эффективности в течение 4 лет на уровне у 51,7 и 84,0% соответственно. Одним из потенциальных преимуществ ингибиторов ИЛ-23 также является длительное поддержание достигнутого эффекта после прекращения лечения. Терапия гуселькумабом характеризуется благоприятным профилем безопасности, сопоставимым с устекинумабом. В период наблюдения пациентов в ходе рандомизированных контролируемых исследований 3-й фазы были получены данные о высокой безопасности препарата и отсутствии существенных рисков в отношении серьезных инфекций, сердечно-сосудистых событий, злокачественных новообразований или суицидальных наклонностей. Препарат эффективен при недостаточном ответе на адалимумаб и устекинумаб. В статье представлены 3 клинических случая применения гуселькумаба у пациентов с тяжелым, в том числе проблемным псориазом, коморбидной патологией, с неэффективностью либо непереносимостью системной терапии, с вторичной неэффективностью адалимумаба. У всех пациентов удалось достигнуть PASI 90/100. Нежелательные явления не отмечались

Carst marble on Tyrnyauz deposit

The karst of marbles is considered as the least studied type of karst. Here we have pinpointed the karst area of the ore field of the Tyrnyauz deposit. Lithological and petrographic characteristics of the skarned marbles of Tyrnyauz are given, their chemical activity is determined. Tectonogenic fissure-karst drainage system of the deposit is analyzed. The main factors of karst formation have been determined and the development of the karst marbles of the Tyrnyauz ore field at various depths is predicte

Efficacy of adding systemic glucocorticosteroids to standard therapy in adolescents with severe acne: a randomized controlled trial

Introduction. Isotretinoin is the first-choice drug in the treatment of severe forms of acne vulgaris. The combination of systemic retinoids with durant corticosteroids helps to reduce the likelihood of developing “retinoic” dermatitis and exacerbation of acne in the initial stages of isotretinoin therapy.Purpose of the study. Determination of the effectiveness of the combined use of isotretinoin and a durant corticosteroid in the treatment of severe forms of acne vulgaris.Materials and methods. Twenty six patients with “severe” or “very severe” grade on the IGA scale were included in this randomised, controlled comparative study. Thirteen patients (group A) were treated with isotretinoin 0.5 mg/kg/day (cumulative dose from 120 to 150 mg/kg) for 8 months and 2 injections of betamethasone dipropionate + betamethasone sodium phosphate at dose 1 ml (2 mg + 5 mg/1 ml) at first month (1 injection per two weeks) and thirteen patients (group B) were treated with combined therapy with isotretinoin at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg/day (cumulative dose from 120 to 150 mg/kg) for 8 months and assessment was based on the IGA scale, counting the number of inflammatory and non-inflammatory elements, indicators DIA (dermatological index of acne) and DLQI and was done at baseline, 1, 4 and 8 months of treatment.Results. At month 8, compared to group B, group A showed more significant decrease in IGA score and 76% patients achieved “clear” or “almost clear skin” degree (76% vs. 30%). The reduction in the number of inflammatory and non-inflammatory elements showed a marked clinical improvement in group A (89.2% vs 22.3 % for nodules). The decrease in DIA was 88.3% in group A and 71.3% in group B. Exacerbations of acne were recorded in 0% (group A) vs 38.0% (group B) of patients. We also found a relationship between the achievement of a 2-point reduction in the degree on the IGA scale after 8 months and the presence of exacerbations while taking isotretinoin (p = 0.012). Analyzing the DLQI between the two, we were unable to identify statistically significant differences.Conclusions. Combines use of long acting steroid with isotretinoin provides synergic effect while minimizing the side effect of isotretinoin (decreases the number of exacerbations), demonstrates a visible effect to patients within a month, thereby increasing compliance, improving the quality of life and reducing the risk of scarring

The effect of post-procedure care on the effectiveness of skin restoration and correction of side effects after aesthetic procedures

Introduction. The  duration of  the  skin  healing period and the  final result of  cosmetic procedures are influenced not only by the treatment protocol and the type of therapy chosen, but also by skin care in the early post-treatment period.Aim of study. Тo study the effectiveness and safety of the use of the topical agent “Traumeel® Cosmo gel” in patients in the early post-treatment period after cosmetic procedures, accompanied by traumatization of the skin.Materials and methods. 20 female patients aged 19 to 49 years, who sought help for the correction of age-related skin changes, acne vulgaris, scarring of the skin and received the procedure of cosmetological therapy, accompanied by damage to the skin. All patients were assigned to group 1 (20 patients). Depending on the method of cosmetological treatment, the external remedy “Traumeel® Cosmo gel” was applied from 2 to 3 times a day at the treated area for 7 ± 2 days.Results. According to the patients’ assessment of the effectiveness and comfort of the treatment, the use of the “Traumeel® Cosmo gel” in  the  early post-treatment period is an effective and safe method of  regenerative therapy of  the  skin  and has a  high therapeutic effectiveness, which was confirmed by the results of the study.Conclusions. Based on the results of the evaluation of the effectiveness by the doctor and patients, as well as the evaluation of the monitoring of the dermatological status, the quality of life index, the patient’s subjective assessment of their response to therapy, consider the therapeutic effectiveness to be high, significantly contributing to the improvement of the quality of life

The Role of Secondary Metabolites and Bark Chemistry in Shaping Diversity and Abundance of Epiphytic Lichens

Diversity of secondary lichen metabolites was studied in epiphytic lichens on six phorophytes—spruce, pine, birch, alder, aspen and poplar in the Middle Urals of Russia. Atranorin, usnic, fumarprotocetraric acid, zeorin, and gyrophoric acid were found in 31, 24, 23, 18, and 14 species, respectively, of 237 taxa collected. Seventy-seven species (i.e., 32% of total species documented) contained no secondary metabolites. Spectra of secondary metabolites of fruticose and foliose lichens varied on different phorophytes, while in crustose species the strong dependence on the tree species was not detected. This is different to the pH dependence of saxicolous lichens where crustose lichens were more susceptible to the rock chemistry. The results of Canonical Correspondence Analysis reveal the affinity of species containing depsides, depsidones or usnic acid to acidic substrata and those lacking secondary metabolites or containing terpenes and antraquinones to the pH-neutral bark. We suppose that phenolic compounds and flavonoids, as chemical constituents of bark, may interact with lichen symbioses and elements in phellem, and similarly to the lichen acids shape the affinity of species to the substrata. Copyright © 2022 Paukov, Teptina, Ermoshin, Kruglova and Shabardina.Russian Science Foundation, RSF: 22-24-00817AE was partially supported by the Russian Science Foundation, grant number 22-24-00817

Eurovision 2021 on the Websites of Russian TV Channels

Статья поступила в редакцию 31.07.2022 г.В статье исследуются публикации о международном музыкальном конкурсе «Евровидение-2021». Работа содержит комплексный анализ более ста публикаций шести российских телеканалов («Первый канал», «Россия 1», НТВ, «Муз-ТВ», «Пятница», «Ю») в 2021 г., предлагается типология публикаций о «Евровидении-2021», проводится сравнительный анализ данного контента на разных каналах. Авторы приходят к выводу, что международный конкурс более интересен федеральной «большой тройке», чем развлекательным молодежным каналам, а объем публикаций, тональность, тематический спектр зависят от «близости» канала к Евровидению.The article examines publications about the international music contest “Eurovision-2021”. The work contains a comprehensive analysis of more than a hundred publications of six Russian TV channels (Channel One, Russia 1, NTV, Muz-TV, Pyatnitsa, Yu) in 2021, an attempt is made to typify publications about Eurovision 2021, as well as a comparative analysis of this content on different channels is provided. The authors come to the conclusion that the international competition is more interesting for the federal “big three” than for youth entertainment channels, and the volume of publications, tone, and thematic range depend on the “proximity” of the channel to Eurovision