Formation of the internal structure of solids under severe action

On the example of a particular problem, the theory of vacancies, a new form of kinetic equations symmetrically incorporation the internal and free energies has been derived. The dynamical nature of irreversible phenomena at formation and motion of defects (dislocations) has been analyzed by a computer experiment. The obtained particular results are extended into a thermodynamic identity involving the law of conservation of energy at interaction with an environment (the 1st law of thermodynamics) and the law of energy transformation into internal degree of freedom (relaxation). The identity is compared with the analogous Jarzynski identity. The approach is illustrated by simulation of processes during severe plastic deformation, the Rybin kinetic equation for this case has been derived.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figure

Nonlinear interaction of light with Bose-Einstein condensate: new methods to generate subpoissonian light

We consider $\Lambda$-type model of the Bose-Einstein condensate of sodium atoms interacting with the light. Coefficients of the Kerr-nonlinearity in the condensate can achieve large and negative values providing the possibility for effective control of group velocity and dispersion of the probe pulse. We find a regime when the observation of the "slow" and "fast" light propagating without absorption becomes achievable due to strong nonlinearity. An effective two-level quantum model of the system is derived and studied based on the su(2) polynomial deformation approach. We propose an efficient way for generation of subpoissonian fields in the Bose-Einstein condensate at time-scales much shorter than the characteristic decay time in the system. We show that the quantum properties of the probe pulse can be controlled in BEC by the classical coupling field.Comment: 13 pages, 6 figures, 1 tabl

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЭПИЗООТИЧЕСКОЙ СИТУАЦИИ ПО АКАРОЗАМ ДОМАШНИХ ЖИВОТНЫХ В г. ОБИ НОВОСИБИРСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ

The paper studies the level of feline and canine acariases in Ob town by means of seasonal characteristics, age features and breed factors. The research reveals such acariases as otoacariasis, sacroptic mange, demodecosis, notoedric mange and cheyletiellosis. Otoacariasis appeared to be the most dominating disease; and cheyletiellosis appeared to be the rarest one. Otoacariasis occurred in domestic cats; and dogs have breed disposition caused by canine ear. Mostly the dogs suffer from demodecosis and cats rarely suffer from this disease. Sacroptic mange is more often observed in cats and notoedric mange is the only acariasis appeared in cats. Cheyletiellosis is a rare disease and it is impossible to declare about its yearly and seasonal dynamics, and breed disposition as well. The researchers observed reducing in feline and canine suffering from acariases during 8 years. The data on age disposition to acariases certify the young animals more often suffer from the diseases. The paper represents data of aged up to 1 flesh-eaters suffering from otoacariases, exactly 32.3 % of cats and 19.1 % of dogs. Flesh-eaters aged from 1 to 3 suffer from sacroptic mange and notoendric mange, exactly 6.8 % of cats and 4.6 % of dogs; invasion intensity of dogs suffered from demodecosis is 19.1 %.  The analysis of acariases seasonal dynamics shows the animals mostly suffer from the diseases in spring.Проведена работа по изучению заболеваемости акарозами домашних кошек и собак на территории г. Оби с  учетом сезонной, возрастной и  породной характеристик. Были выявлены следующие акарозы: отодектоз, саркоптоз, демодекоз, нотоэдроз и хейлетиеллез. Доминирующим заболеванием по частоте встречаемости был отодектоз, очень редким – хейлетиеллез. При этом отодектоз доминировал у домашних кошек, но у собак прослеживалась четкая породная предрасположенность, обусловленная строением ушной раковины. Демодекоз в основном встечался у собак, а у кошек очень редко. Саркоптоз чаще регистрировался у кошек. Нотоэдроз – единственный из выявленных акарозов, встречаемый только у кошек. Хейлетиеллез оказался очень редким заболеванием, и говорить о его годовой и сезонной динамике, а также видовой и породной предрасположенности нельзя. Мониторинг встречаемости акарозов плотоядных на территории г. Оби за последние 8 лет показал динамику последовательного снижения заболеваемости ими домашних кошек и  собак. Данные по возрастной предрасположенности животных к  акарозам свидетельствуют о более частой встречаемости их у молодых животных. В возрасте до 1 года в основном регистрируется отодектоз плотоядных (ЭИ 32,3% у кошек и 19,1 у собак), от 1 года до 3 лет – саркоптоз и нотоэдроз у кошек (ЭИ 6,8 и 4,6% соответственно), демодекоз у собак (ЭИ 19,1%). Анализ сезонной динамики акарозов показал, что у животных пик заболеваемости приходится на весенний период

Exact results on the dynamics of multi-component Bose-Einstein condensate

We study the time-evolution of the two dimensional multi-component Bose-Einstein condensate in an external harmonic trap with arbitrary time-dependent frequency. We show analytically that the time-evolution of the total mean-square radius of the wave-packet is determined in terms of the same solvable equation as in the case of a single-component condensate. The dynamics of the total mean-square radius is also the same for the rotating as well as the non-rotating multi-component condensate. We determine the criteria for the collapse of the condensate at a finite time. Generalizing our previous work on a single-component condensate, we show explosion-implosion duality in the multi-component condensate.Comment: Two-column 6 pages, RevTeX, no figures(v1); Added an important reference, version to appear in Physical Review A (v2

Leading Order Temporal Asymptotics of the Modified Non-Linear Schrodinger Equation: Solitonless Sector

Using the matrix Riemann-Hilbert factorisation approach for non-linear evolution equations (NLEEs) integrable in the sense of the inverse scattering method, we obtain, in the solitonless sector, the leading-order asymptotics as $t$ tends to plus and minus infinity of the solution to the Cauchy initial-value problem for the modified non-linear Schrodinger equation: also obtained are analogous results for two gauge-equivalent NLEEs; in particular, the derivative non-linear Schrodinger equation.Comment: 29 pages, 5 figures, LaTeX, revised version of the original submission, to be published in Inverse Problem

Algebraic Bethe ansatz method for the exact calculation of energy spectra and form factors: applications to models of Bose-Einstein condensates and metallic nanograins

In this review we demonstrate how the algebraic Bethe ansatz is used for the calculation of the energy spectra and form factors (operator matrix elements in the basis of Hamiltonian eigenstates) in exactly solvable quantum systems. As examples we apply the theory to several models of current interest in the study of Bose-Einstein condensates, which have been successfully created using ultracold dilute atomic gases. The first model we introduce describes Josephson tunneling between two coupled Bose-Einstein condensates. It can be used not only for the study of tunneling between condensates of atomic gases, but for solid state Josephson junctions and coupled Cooper pair boxes. The theory is also applicable to models of atomic-molecular Bose-Einstein condensates, with two examples given and analysed. Additionally, these same two models are relevant to studies in quantum optics. Finally, we discuss the model of Bardeen, Cooper and Schrieffer in this framework, which is appropriate for systems of ultracold fermionic atomic gases, as well as being applicable for the description of superconducting correlations in metallic grains with nanoscale dimensions. In applying all of the above models to physical situations, the need for an exact analysis of small scale systems is established due to large quantum fluctuations which render mean-field approaches inaccurate.Comment: 49 pages, 1 figure, invited review for J. Phys. A., published version available at http://stacks.iop.org/JPhysA/36/R6

Clostridium difficile sortase recognizes a (S/P)PXTG sequence motif and can accommodate diaminopimelic acid as a substrate for transpeptidation

AbstractCovalent attachment of surface proteins to the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria requires a sortase-mediated transpeptidation reaction. In almost all Gram-positive bacteria, the housekeeping sortase, sortase A, recognizes the canonical recognition sequence LPXTG (X=any amino acid). The human pathogen Clostridium difficile carries a single putative sortase gene (cd2718) but neither transpeptidation activity nor specificity of CD2718 has been investigated. We produced recombinant CD2718 and examined its transpeptidation activity in vitro using synthetic peptides and MALDI-ToF(-ToF) MS analysis. We demonstrate that CD2718 has sortase activity with specificity for a (S/P)PXTG motif and can accommodate diaminopimelic acid as a substrate for transpeptidation

Professional English for the students of Electronic Education Institute in specialty of «Informatics and Computer Technologies»

Пособие предназначено для студентов 3 курса ИнЭО, изучающих профессиональный курс английского языка по направлению 09.03.01 «Информатика и вычислительная техника»

Применение систем искусственного интеллекта в нейрорадиологии острого ишемического инсульта

Introduction. Artificial intelligence is one of the fastest-growing areas of great importance to radiology. Purpose. In this article, we aimed to study the current state of the use of computer-aided imaging analysis in acute ischemic stroke. Results. There are many artificial intelligence softwares that automatic image processing can successfully identify neuroradiology image in stroke: early detection by diagnostic imaging methods, assessment of the time of disease onset, segmentation of the lesion, analysis of the presence and possibility of cerebral edema, and predicting complications and treatment outcomes. Conclusion. The first results of using artificial intelligence to evaluate neuroimaging data showed that machine-learning methods could be useful as decision-making tools when choosing a treatment for acute ischemic stroke.Введение. Искусственный интеллект в настоящее время является наиболее быстро развивающейся областью, имеющей большое значение для лучевой диагностики. Цель обзора: изучить современное состояние применения систем искусственного интеллекта в визуализации острого ишемического инсульта. Результаты. В настоящее время имеется множество программных решений на основе искусственного интеллекта, позволяющих успешно применять автоматическую обработку изображений для оценки данных нейровизуализации при острых нарушениях мозгового кровообращения: раннее выявление диагностическими методами визуализации, оценка времени начала заболевания, сегментация поражения, анализ наличия и возможности возникновения отека мозга, а также прогнозирование осложнений и результатов лечения. Заключение. Первые результаты применения искусственного интеллекта для оценки данных нейровизуализации показали, что методы машинного обучения могут быть полезны в качестве инструментов принятия решений при выборе лечения для острого ишемического инсульта

GEANT4 : a simulation toolkit

Abstract Geant4 is a toolkit for simulating the passage of particles through matter. It includes a complete range of functionality including tracking, geometry, physics models and hits. The physics processes offered cover a comprehensive range, including electromagnetic, hadronic and optical processes, a large set of long-lived particles, materials and elements, over a wide energy range starting, in some cases, from 250 eV and extending in others to the TeV energy range. It has been designed and constructed to expose the physics models utilised, to handle complex geometries, and to enable its easy adaptation for optimal use in different sets of applications. The toolkit is the result of a worldwide collaboration of physicists and software engineers. It has been created exploiting software engineering and object-oriented technology and implemented in the C++ programming language. It has been used in applications in particle physics, nuclear physics, accelerator design, space engineering and medical physics. PACS: 07.05.Tp; 13; 2