1,833 research outputs found
Broadband infrared meanderline reflective quarter-wave plate
We present a novel reflective quarter-wave plate comprised of subwavelength meanderline elements. The device is operational over the long-wave infrared (LWIR) spectrum, with significant spectral and angular bandwidths. Power reflection is approximately 70% over the majority of the LWIR. Efficient conversion from a 45 linear polarization state into circular polarization is demonstrated from finite-element electromagnetic simulations and from broadband polarimetric measurements
Broadband circularly-polarized infrared emission from multilayer metamaterials
Development of a 2D metamaterial that preferentially emits broadband circularly-polarized (CP) infrared radiation is hindered by the fact that orthogonal electric-field components are uncorrelated at the surface of the thermal emitter, a consequence of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem. We achieve broadband CP thermal emission by fabricating a meanderline quarter-wave retarder on a transparent thermal-isolation layer. Behind this isolation layer, in thermal contact with the emitter, is a wire-grid polarizer. Along with an unavoidable linear polarized radiation characteristic from the meanderline, we measured a degree of circular polarization (DOCP) of 28%, averaged over the 8- to 12 mu m band
Movement and Countermovement Dynamics Between the Religious Right and LGB Community Arising from Colorado’s Amendment 2
This sample of the case study of Equality Colorado will demonstrate how counter movements and litigation may limit and change how an organization surrounding a social movement acts. Colorado for Family Values helped pass Colorado’s Amendment 2 in 1992, which limited any present and future anti-discrimination legislation that would protect sexuality as a class. This ballot initiative passed by 53% of Colorado voters, and other states like Idaho and Oregon attempted to replicate this type of initiative. Amendment 2 challenged the LGB community and compelled the movement to collectively respond to the religious right with coalitions, pooled resources, and litigation. Equality Colorado, established in 1992, will exemplify how a social movement could respond to prejudicial legislation. One of Equality Colorado’s primary tactics was to reframe religion as inclusive of gay rights. It did not cede religion entirely to its opponents and attempted to delegitimize them by labeling them “radical right” as opposed to the more popular term “religious right” or “Christian Conservatives”. Additionally, Equality Colorado tried to compensate for the downsides of litigation by “translating” the legal terms to the general public and connecting litigators with the broader movement
1862-11-28 L.D. Wadsworth, Jr. writes on behalf of Eastport citizens to recommend Captain George Sabine of the 18th Maine Regiment for appointment as Major in the artillery regiment
https://digitalmaine.com/cw_me_1st_heavy_corr/1029/thumbnail.jp
Maximal Sharing in the Lambda Calculus with letrec
Increasing sharing in programs is desirable to compactify the code, and to
avoid duplication of reduction work at run-time, thereby speeding up execution.
We show how a maximal degree of sharing can be obtained for programs expressed
as terms in the lambda calculus with letrec. We introduce a notion of `maximal
compactness' for lambda-letrec-terms among all terms with the same infinite
unfolding. Instead of defined purely syntactically, this notion is based on a
graph semantics. lambda-letrec-terms are interpreted as first-order term graphs
so that unfolding equivalence between terms is preserved and reflected through
bisimilarity of the term graph interpretations. Compactness of the term graphs
can then be compared via functional bisimulation.
We describe practical and efficient methods for the following two problems:
transforming a lambda-letrec-term into a maximally compact form; and deciding
whether two lambda-letrec-terms are unfolding-equivalent. The transformation of
a lambda-letrec-term into maximally compact form proceeds in three
steps:
(i) translate L into its term graph ; (ii) compute the maximally
shared form of as its bisimulation collapse ; (iii) read back a
lambda-letrec-term from the term graph with the property . This guarantees that and have the same unfolding, and that
exhibits maximal sharing.
The procedure for deciding whether two given lambda-letrec-terms and
are unfolding-equivalent computes their term graph interpretations and , and checks whether these term graphs are bisimilar.
For illustration, we also provide a readily usable implementation.Comment: 18 pages, plus 19 pages appendi
Very high rotational frequencies and band termination in 73Br
Rotational bands in 73Br have been investigated up to spins of 65/2 using the
EUROBALL III spectrometer. One of the negative-parity bands displays the
highest rotational frequency 1.85 MeV reported to date in nuclei with mass
number greater than 25. At high frequencies, the experimental dynamic moment of
inertia for all bands decrease to very low values, indicating a loss of
collectivity. The bands are described in the configuration-dependent cranked
Nilsson-Strutinsky model. The calculations indicate that one of the
negative-parity bands is observed up to its terminating single-particle state
at spin 63/2. This result establishes the first band termination case in the A
= 70 mass region.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. C as a Rapid
Communicatio
Changes in drug use during ages 18-32
https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/137887/1/occ39.pd
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