16 research outputs found
Chapitre 14: Phytopathogènes et stratégies de contrôle en aquaponie
peer reviewedAmong the diversity of plant diseases occurring in aquaponics, soil-borne
pathogens, such as Fusarium spp., Phytophthora spp. and Pythium spp., are the most
problematic due to their preference for humid/aquatic environment conditions.
Phytophthora spp. and Pythium spp. which belong to the Oomycetes pseudo-fungi
require special attention because of their mobile form of dispersion, the so-called
zoospores that can move freely and actively in liquid water. In coupled aquaponics,
curative methods are still limited because of the possible toxicity of pesticides and
chemical agents for fish and beneficial bacteria (e.g. nitrifying bacteria of the
biofilter). Furthermore, the development of biocontrol agents for aquaponic use is
still at its beginning. Consequently, ways to control the initial infection and the
progression of a disease are mainly based on preventive actions and water physical
treatments. However, suppressive action (suppression) could happen in aquaponic
environment considering recent papers and the suppressive activity already
highlighted in hydroponics. In addition, aquaponic water contains organic matter
that could promote establishment and growth of heterotrophic bacteria in the system
or even improve plant growth and viability directly. With regards to organic
hydroponics (i.e. use of organic fertilisation and organic plant media), these bacteria
could act as antagonist agents or as plant defence elicitors to protect plants from
diseases. In the future, research on the disease suppressive ability of the aquaponic
biotope must be increased, as well as isolation, characterisation and formulation of
microbial plant pathogen antagonists. Finally, a good knowledge in the rapid
identification of pathogens, combined with control methods and diseases monitoring,
as recommended in integrated plant pest management, is the key to an efficient
control of plant diseases in aquaponics.Cos
Le prélèvement de concentrés de granulocytes d’aphérèse (CGA) : amélioration de la sécurité des dons et perspectives
Pathogenic and beneficial microorganisms in soilless cultures
Soilless cultures were originally developed to control soilborne diseases. Soilless
cultures provide several advantages for growers such as greater production of crops,
reduced energy consumption, better control of growth and independence of soil quality.
However, diseases specific to hydroponics have been reported. For instance,
zoospore-producing microorganisms such as Pythium and
Phytophthora spp. are particularly well adapted to aquatic
environments. Their growth in soilless substrates is favoured by the recirculation of the
nutrient solution. These pathogenic microorganisms are usually controlled by disinfection
methods but such methods are only effective as a preventive measure. Contrary to
biofiltration, active treatments such as UV, heat and ozonisation have the disadvantage of
eliminating not only the harmful microorganisms but also the beneficial indigenous
microorganisms. Here, we review microbial populations that colonise ecological niches of
hydroponic greenhouse systems. Three topics are discussed: (1) the general microflora; (2)
the pathogenic microflora that are typical to hydroponic systems; and (3) the
non-pathogenic and possibly beneficial microflora, and their use in the control of plant
diseases in soilless greenhouse systems. Technical, economic and environmental concerns
are forcing the adoption of new sustainable methods such as the use of microbial
antagonists. Thus, increased attention is now focused on the role of natural microflora in
suppressing certain diseases. Managing disease suppression in hydroponics represents a
promising way of controlling pathogens. Three main strategies can be used: (1) increasing
the level of suppressiveness by the addition of antagonistic microorganisms; (2) using a
mix of microorganisms with complementary ecological traits and antagonistic abilities,
combined with disinfection techniques; and (3) amending substrates to favour the
development of a suppressive microflora. Increasing our knowledge on beneficial
microflora, their ecology and treatments that influence their composition will help to
commercialise new, ready-to-use substrates microbiologically optimised to protect plants
in sustainable management systems
P-136 Evolution of efficacy and safety of cetuximab with the determination of RAS status in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (mCRC) elderly patients
Conversion of tobacco processing waste to biocrude oil via hydrothermal liquefaction in a multiple batch reactor
Fungal Planet description sheets: 716–784
Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Australia, Chaetopsina eucalypti on Eucalyptus leaf litter, Colletotrichum cobbittiense from Cordyline stricta × C. australis hybrid, Cyanodermella banksiae on Banksia ericifolia subsp. macrantha, Discosia macrozamiae on Macrozamia miquelii, Elsinoë banksiigena on Banksia marginata, Elsinoë elaeocarpi on Elaeocarpus sp., Elsinoë leucopogonis on Leucopogon sp., Helminthosporium livistonae on Livistona australis, Idriellomyces eucalypti (incl. Idriellomyces gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus obliqua, Lareunionomyces eucalypti on Eucalyptus sp., Myrotheciomyces corymbiae (incl. Myrotheciomyces gen. nov., Myrotheciomycetaceae fam. nov.), Neolauriomyces eucalypti (incl. Neolauriomyces gen. nov., Neolauriomycetaceae fam. nov.) on Eucalyptus sp., Nullicamyces eucalypti (incl. Nullicamyces gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus leaf litter, Oidiodendron eucalypti on Eucalyptus maidenii, Paracladophialophora cyperacearum (incl. Paracladophialophoraceae fam. nov.) and Periconia cyperacearum on leaves of Cyperaceae, Porodiplodia livistonae (incl. Porodiplodia gen. nov., Porodiplodiaceae fam. nov.) on Livistona australis, Sporidesmium melaleucae (incl. Sporidesmiales ord. nov.) on Melaleuca sp., Teratosphaeria sieberi on Eucalyptus sieberi, Thecaphora australiensis in capsules of a variant of Oxalis exilis. Brazil, Aspergillus serratalhadensis from soil, Diaporthe pseudoinconspicua from Poincianella pyramidalis, Fomitiporella pertenuis on dead wood, Geastrum magnosporum on soil, Marquesius aquaticus (incl. Marquesius gen. nov.) from submerged decaying twig and leaves of unidentified plant, Mastigosporella pigmentata from leaves of Qualea parviflorae, Mucor souzae from soil, Mycocalia aquaphila on decaying wood from tidal detritus, Preussia citrullina as endophyte from leaves of Citrullus lanatus, Queiroziella brasiliensis (incl. Queiroziella gen. nov.) as epiphytic yeast on leaves of Portea leptantha, Quixadomyces cearensis (incl. Quixadomyces gen. nov.) on decaying bark, Xylophallus clavatus on rotten wood. Canada, Didymella cari on Carum carvi and Coriandrum sativum. Chile, Araucasphaeria foliorum (incl. Araucasphaeria gen. nov.) on Araucaria araucana, Aspergillus tumidus from soil, Lomentospora valparaisensis from soil. Colombia, Corynespora pseudocassiicola on Byrsonima sp., Eucalyptostroma eucalyptorum on Eucalyptus pellita, Neometulocladosporiella eucalypti (incl. Neometulocladosporiella gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus grandis × urophylla, Tracylla eucalypti (incl. Tracyllaceae fam. nov., Tracyllalales ord. nov.) on Eucalyptus urophylla. Cyprus, Gyromitra anthracobia (incl. Gyromitra subg. Pseudoverpa) on burned soil. Czech Republic, Lecanicillium restrictum from the surface of the wooden barrel, Lecanicillium testudineum from scales of Trachemys scripta elegans. Ecuador, Entoloma yanacolor and Saproamanita quitensis on soil. France, Lentithecium carbonneanum from submerged decorticated Populus branch. Hungary, Pleuromyces hungaricus (incl. Pleuromyces gen. nov.) from a large Fagus sylvatica log. Iran, Zymoseptoria crescenta on Aegilops triuncialis. Malaysia, Ochroconis musicola on Musa sp. Mexico, Cladosporium michoacanense from soil. New Zealand , Acrodontium metrosideri on Metrosideros excelsa, Polynema podocarpi on Podocarpus totara, Pseudoarthrographis phlogis (incl. Pseudoarthrographis gen. nov.) on Phlox subulata. Nigeria, Coprinopsis afrocinerea on soil. Pakistan, Russula mansehraensis on soil under Pinus roxburghii. Russia, Baorangia alexandri on soil in deciduous forests with Quercus mongolica. South Africa, Didymocyrtis brachylaenae on Brachylaena discolor. Spain, Alfaria dactylis from fruit of Phoenix dactylifera, Dothiora infuscans from a blackened wall, Exophiala nidicola from the nest of an unidentified bird, Matsushimaea monilioides from soil, Terfezia morenoi on soil. United Arab Emirates, Tirmania honrubiae on soil. USA, Arxotrichum wyomingense (incl. Arxotrichum gen. nov.) from soil, Hongkongmyces snookiorum from submerged detritus from a fresh water fen, Leratiomyces tesquorum from soil, Talaromyces tabacinus on leaves of Nicotiana tabacum. Vietnam, Afroboletus vietnamensis on soil in an evergreen tropical forest, Colletotrichum condaoense from Ipomoea pes-caprae. Morphological and culture characteristics along with DNA barcodes are provided
Infrared spectroscopy as a tool to monitor interactions between nanoplastics and microalgae
Fungal Planet description sheets: 716–784
Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Australia, Chaetopsina eucalypti on Eucalyptus leaf litter, Colletotrichum cobbittiense from Cordyline stricta × C. australis hybrid, Cyanodermella banksiae on Banksia ericifolia subsp. macrantha, Discosia macrozamiae on Macrozamia miquelii, Elsinoë banksiigena on Banksia marginata, Elsinoë elaeocarpi on Elaeocarpus sp., Elsinoë leucopogonis on Leucopogon sp., Helminthosporium livistonae on Livistona australis, Idriellomyces eucalypti (incl. Idriellomyces gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus obliqua, Lareunionomyces eucalypti on Eucalyptus sp., Myrotheciomyces corymbiae (incl. Myrotheciomyces gen. nov., Myrotheciomycetaceae fam. nov.), Neolauriomyces eucalypti (incl. Neolauriomyces gen. nov., Neolauriomycetaceae fam. nov.) on Eucalyptus sp., Nullicamyces eucalypti (incl. Nullicamyces gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus leaf litter, Oidiodendron eucalypti on Eucalyptus maidenii, Paracladophialophora cyperacearum (incl. Paracladophialophoraceae fam. nov.) and Periconia cyperacearum on leaves of Cyperaceae, Porodiplodia livistonae (incl. Porodiplodia gen. nov., Porodiplodiaceae fam. nov.) on Livistona australis, Sporidesmium melaleucae (incl. Sporidesmiales ord. nov.) on Melaleuca sp., Teratosphaeria sieberi on Eucalyptus sieberi, Thecaphora australiensis in capsules of a variant of Oxalis exilis. Brazil, Aspergillus serratalhadensis from soil, Diaporthe pseudoinconspicua from Poincianella pyramidalis, Fomitiporella pertenuis on dead wood, Geastrum magnosporum on soil, Marquesius aquaticus (incl. Marquesius gen. nov.) from submerged decaying twig and leaves of unidentified plant, Mastigosporella pigmentata from leaves of Qualea parviflorae, Mucor souzae from soil, Mycocalia aquaphila on decaying wood from tidal detritus, Preussia citrullina as endophyte from leaves of Citrullus lanatus, Queiroziella brasiliensis (incl. Queiroziella gen. nov.) as epiphytic yeast on leaves of Portea leptantha, Quixadomyces cearensis (incl. Quixadomyces gen. nov.) on decaying bark, Xylophallus clavatus on rotten wood.Canada, Didymella cari on Carum carvi and Coriandrum sativum. Chile, Araucasphaeria foliorum (incl. Araucasphaeria gen. nov.) on Araucaria araucana, Aspergillus tumidus from soil, Lomentospora valparaisensis from soil. Colombia, Corynespora pseudocassiicola on Byrsonima sp., Eucalyptostroma eucalyptorum on Eucalyptus pellita, Neometulocladosporiella eucalypti (incl. Neometulocladosporiella gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus grandis × urophylla, Tracylla eucalypti (incl. Tracyllaceae fam. nov., Tracyllalales ord. nov.) on Eucalyptus urophylla. Cyprus, Gyromitra anthracobia (incl. Gyromitra subg. Pseudoverpa) on burned soil. Czech Republic, Lecanicillium restrictum from the surface of the wooden barrel, Lecanicillium testudineum from scales of Trachemys scripta elegans. Ecuador, Entoloma yanacolor and Saproamanita quitensis on soil. France, Lentithecium carbonneanum from submerged decorticated Populus branch. Hungary, Pleuromyces hungaricus (incl. Pleuromyces gen. nov.) from a large Fagus sylvatica log. Iran, Zymoseptoria crescenta on Aegilops triuncialis. Malaysia, Ochroconis musicola on Musa sp. Mexico, Cladosporium michoacanense from soil. New Zealand , Acrodontium metrosideri on Metrosideros excelsa, Polynema podocarpi on Podocarpus totara, Pseudoarthrographis phlogis (incl. Pseudoarthrographis gen. nov.) on Phlox subulata. Nigeria, Coprinopsis afrocinerea on soil. Pakistan, Russula mansehraensis on soil under Pinus roxburghii. Russia, Baorangia alexandri on soil in deciduous forests with Quercus mongolica. South Africa, Didymocyrtis brachylaenae on Brachylaena discolor. Spain, Alfaria dactylis from fruit of Phoenix dactylifera, Dothiora infuscans from a blackened wall, Exophiala nidicola from the nest of an unidentified bird, Matsushimaea monilioides from soil, Terfezia morenoi on soil. United Arab Emirates, Tirmania honrubiae on soil. USA, Arxotrichum wyomingense (incl. Arxotrichum gen. nov.) from soil, Hongkongmyces snookiorum from submerged detritus from a fresh water fen, Leratiomyces tesquorum from soil, Talaromyces tabacinus on leaves of Nicotiana tabacum. Vietnam, Afroboletus vietnamensis on soil in an evergreen tropical forest, Colletotrichum condaoense from Ipomoea pes-caprae. Morphological and culture characteristics along with DNA barcodes are provided.The study of Olga V. Morozova and Tatiana Yu.
Svetasheva was carried out within the framework of an institutional research
project of the Komarov Botanical Institute RAS ‘Biodiversity and spatial structure
of fungi and myxomycetes communities in natural and anthropogenic
ecosystems’ (АААА-А18-118031290108-6) using equipment of its Core
Facility Center ‘Cell and Molecular Technologies in Plant Science’. Alina
V. Alexandrova acknowledges financial support from the Russian Science
Foundation (project N 14-50-00029).Daniela de A. Viana Marques acknowledges Universidade de Pernambuco
for financial support. Jan Borovička is thanked for providing the Portuguese
collection of Baorangia emileorum and its ITS and LSU sequences, and Alessia
Tatti for sending the Sardinian collections of B. emileorum. Taimy Cantillo,
Luis F.P. Gusmão, Luana T. do Carmo, Lucas B. Conceição, Julieth O. Sousa,
Luiz F. de Oliveira, Renan N. Barbosa, Rhudson H.S.F. Cruz, André L.C.M.
de A. Santiago, Carlos A.F. de Souza, Diogo X. Lima, Rafael J.V. de Oliveira
and Thalline R.L. Cordeiro, Olinto L. Pereira, Rejane M.F. Silva, Rafael J.V.
Oliveira, José L. Bezerra, Gladstone A. Silva Ciro R. Félix, Melissa F. Landell,
Thays G.L. Oliveira, Jadson D.P. Bezerra, Alexandre R. Machado, Cristina M.
Souza-Motta and Oliane M. C. Magalhães, Tatiana B. Gibertoni, Vitor Xavier
de Lima and José R. C. Oliveira-Filho acknowledge financial support and/or
scholarships from the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível
Superior (CAPES), the Conselho Nacional do Desenvolvimento Científico e
Tecnológico (CNPq) and the Fundação de Amparo à Ciência e Tecnologia de
Pernambuco (FACEPE); the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de
Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG), the Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da
Biodiversidade (ICMBio), Parque Memorial Zumbi dos Palmares and Usina
Caeté – Grupo Carlos Lyra and Nordesta AS for suport during field trips.Maria E. Ordoñez and colleagues acknowledge the Secretaria de Educación
Superior, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación del Ecuador (SENESCYT), Arca
de Noé Initiative, and the Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, project
N13415 for financial support. Hugo Madrid was partially funded by Comisión
Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (CONICYT), Fondo Nacional
de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (FONDECYT), Chile, project
no. 11140562. Vit Hubka and colleagues express their gratitude to Marek
Kiecoň, Pavel Malík and Tereza Krasnokutská (National Heritage Institute) for
providing information on archaeological research; Hana Rajhelová (Silesian
University in Opava) and Jitka Koubková (Veterinary Laboratory Labvet) for
providing photo documentation and material for mycological examinations;
Czechoslovak Microscopy Society for support (CSMS scholarship 2016). The
research of V. Hubka was supported by Charles University Research Centre
program No. 204069 and the grant of the Czech Ministry of Health (AZV
17-31269A). Alfredo Vizzini and colleagues thank Jan Holec for administering
of the loan of European material from PRM herbarium (Prague, Czech
Republic). Soňa Jančovičová helped with the line drawings. Jozef Šibík and
David Cooper are acknowledged for the support during the field collections
in Colorado (USA) that was financed by the Slovak American Foundation.The sequencing of samples was funded by the Slovak national project Vega
02/0018/18. Željko Jurjević acknowledges Filomena Epifani and Sammy
Sedky for their excellent technical support. Malka Saba acknowledges the
Higher Education Commission (HEC), Islamabad, Pakistan, for financial
assistance during field trips in Pakistan and the Slovak national project
APVV-15-0210 for sequencing of Russula mansehraensis. The research
of Alena Nováková and Miroslav Kolařík was supported by the Ministry of
Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (grant number LO1509).
Asunción Morte, Juan Julián Bordallo and Antonio Rodríguez were supported
by projects 19484/PI/14 (FEDER and Fundación Séneca - Agencia de Ciencia
y Tecnología de la Región de Murcia, Spain) and CGL2016-78946-R (AEI
and FEDER, UE); they also thank Aurelio Garcia Blanco, Andries Gouws,
Tom de Wet, Ali Hassan and Faisal Abdullab for their observations and assistance
with field work. Daniel B. Raudabaugh and colleagues thank the
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Department of Conservation
and Natural Resources, Pennsylvania Bureau of State Parks, and Black
Moshannon State Park for research support, the Mycological Society of
America and University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign School of Integrative
Biology for financial support, and Michael Woodley for field support. Cheryl
Armstrong-Cho and Sabine Banniza acknowledge funding and support by
the Saskatchewan Ministry of Agriculture, the Western Grains Research
Foundation, the Herb, Spice and Specialty Agriculture Association and the
Saskatchewan Crop Insurance Corporation. Shuming Luo and colleagues
thank Mui-keng Tan for helpful advice during this study.Peer reviewe