PERCEPTIONS OF CREATIVE LEADERSHIP IN MULTIGENERATIONAL NONPROFIT PRIVATE EDUCATION TEAMS

The challenges that are encountered in private schools are in constant flux. Teachers and administrators are tasked with leading and guiding future generations in tumultuous times. A leader’s creativity has a significant influence on the diverse teams that are engaging school-age children. Creative leadership is lacking in academic research in comparison to more established leadership theories. The lack of research is excessively apparent in the multigenerational nonprofit private education sector. In this qualitative study, two Seventh-Day Adventist private school educational teams in southeastern California were engaged in focus group interviews. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of creative leadership tenets on multigenerational private education teams. There were 16 participants from two focus groups representing two 501(c)(3) nonprofit private education organizations. The data yielded three themes: affiliation endears, experience galvanizes, and public management polarizes. The findings showed that creative leadership endears, galvanizes, and can also polarize multigenerational nonprofit private education teams. The findings further showed that creative leadership is viable leadership theory and style for positively impacting multigenerational teams in private education. Future research could expand the literature pool by investigating creative leadership in additional nonprofit, denominational, and regional locales

The Relationship Between Peer Accountability Within Social Greek Organizations and Violations of the Student Conduct Code

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between violations of the student conduct code and the perception of peer accountability within social Greek organizations. The researcher hypothesized that members of Greek organizations would report high perceptions of peer accountability within their organizations, and because of that there would be an effect on violations of the student conduct code. A quantitative study was conducted, surveying the entire Greek population at a mid-sized, Midwestern, 4-year, public institution. A Likert scale was used to measure questions about perceived peer accountability within organizations, students also provided demographics and self-reported violations of the student conduct code. Out of 750 surveys sent out, the researcher received a total of 75 responses, with 57 (68.3% female and 31.7% male) responses being complete and usable for the study. The study found overwhelmingly that there was a perceived factor of peer accountability within organizations with five out of nine questions scoring higher than a 4.40 out of 5.00, three of which were a 4.50 or higher out of 5.00. The results also suggested that there was a difference between male and female participants, with men reporting higher scores of peer accountability in terms of holding others in their chapter accountable. The study also found that attending a student conduct code meeting resulted in a heightened perception of peer accountability amongst members and their organization, providing that the student conduct process successfully enforces accountability of oneself and others in their organizations

Protection from the elements: a comparative study of hair density, shelter use and heat loss in donkeys, horses and mules

It is widely believed that donkeys are less adapted to wet, temperate climates than horses, often requiring shelter in addition to natural protection and rugs. However, to date there has been no scientific study assessing the shelter needs of donkeys and current guidelines often consider all horses and donkeys as a homogenous group. Our project provides a comprehensive assessment of the requirements of donkeys for protection from the elements across the four seasons in the British Isles and directly compares these findings to those from horses and mules. Some preliminary results are presented below

Gauge covariance and the fermion-photon vertex in three- and four- dimensional, massless quantum electrodynamics

In the quenched approximation, the gauge covariance properties of three vertex Ans\"{a}tze in the Schwinger-Dyson equation for the fermion self energy are analysed in three- and four- dimensional quantum electrodynamics. Based on the Cornwall-Jackiw-Tomboulis effective action, it is inferred that the spectral representation used for the vertex in the gauge technique cannot support dynamical chiral symmetry breaking. A criterion for establishing whether a given Ansatz can confer gauge covariance upon the Schwinger-Dyson equation is presented and the Curtis and Pennington Ansatz is shown to satisfy this constraint. We obtain an analytic solution of the Schwinger-Dyson equation for quenched, massless three-dimensional quantum electrodynamics for arbitrary values of the gauge parameter in the absence of dynamical chiral symmetry breaking.Comment: 17 pages, PHY-7143-TH-93, REVTE

QED in external fields, a functional point of view

A functional partial differential equation is set for the proper graphs generating functional of QED in external electromagnetic fields. This equation leads to the evolution of the proper graphs with the external field amplitude and the external field gauge dependence of the complete fermion propagator and vertex is derived non-perturbativally.Comment: 8 pages, published versio

Nonperturbative Vertices in Supersymmetric Quantum Electrodynamics

We derive the complete set of supersymmetric Ward identities involving only two- and three- point proper vertices in supersymmetric QED. We also present the most general form of the proper vertices consistent with both the supersymmetric and U(1) gauge Ward identities. These vertices are the supersymmetric equivalent of the non supersymmetric Ball-Chiu vertices.Comment: seventeen pages late

Zero Lattice Sound

We study the N_f-flavor Gross-Neveu model in 2+1 dimensions with a baryon chemical potential mu, using both analytical and numerical methods. In particular, we study the self-consistent Boltzmann equation in the Fermi liquid framework using the quasiparticle interaction calculated to O(1/N_f), and find solutions for zero sound propagation for almost all mu > mu_c, the critical chemical potential for chiral symmetry restoration. Next we present results of a numerical lattice simulation, examining temporal correlation functions of mesons defined using a point-split interpolating operator, and finding evidence for phonon-like behaviour characterised by a linear dispersion relation in the long wavelength limit. We argue that our results provide the first evidence for a collective excitation in a lattice simulation.Comment: 18 pages, 6 figure

Extrapolation-CAM Theory for Critical Exponents

By intentionally underestimating the rate of convergence of exact-diagonalization values for the mass or energy gaps of finite systems, we form families of sequences of gap estimates. The gap estimates cross zero with generically nonzero linear terms in their Taylor expansions, so that $\nu = 1$ for each member of these sequences of estimates. Thus, the Coherent Anomaly Method can be used to determine $\nu$. Our freedom in deciding exactly how to underestimate the convergence allows us to choose the sequence that displays the clearest coherent anomaly. We demonstrate this approach on the two-dimensional ferromagnetic Ising model, for which $\nu = 1$. We also use it on the three-dimensional ferromagnetic Ising model, finding $\nu \approx 0.629$, in good agreement with other estimates.Comment: 21 pages, Submitted to Journal of Physics A; new section added discussing rate of convergence and relation to Finite-Size Scalin

Adsorption models of hybridization and post-hybridisation behaviour on oligonucleotide microarrays

Analysis of data from an Affymetrix Latin Square spike-in experiment indicates that measured fluorescence intensities of features on an oligonucleotide microarray are related to spike-in RNA target concentrations via a hyperbolic response function, generally identified as a Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Furthermore the asymptotic signal at high spike-in concentrations is almost invariably lower for a mismatch feature than for its partner perfect match feature. We survey a number of theoretical adsorption models of hybridization at the microarray surface and find that in general they are unable to explain the differing saturation responses of perfect and mismatch features. On the other hand, we find that a simple and consistent explanation can be found in a model in which equilibrium hybridization followed by partial dissociation of duplexes during the post-hybridization washing phase.Comment: 26 pages, 6 figures, some rearrangement of sections and some additions. To appear in J.Phys.(condensed matter