26 research outputs found

    Latent tuberculosis infection treatment completion in Biscay: differences between regimens and monitoring approaches

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    IntroductionContact tracing and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a key element of tuberculosis (TB) control in low TB incidence countries. A TB control and prevention program has been active in the Basque Country since 2003, including the development of the nurse case manager role and a unified electronic record. Three World Health Organization-approved LTBI regimens have been used: isoniazid for 6 months (6H), rifampicin for 4 months (4R), and isoniazid and rifampicin for 3 months (3HR). Centralized follow-up by a TB nurse case manager started in January 2016, with regular telephone follow-up, telemonitoring of blood test results, and monitoring of adherence by electronic review of drugs dispensed in pharmacies.ObjectiveTo estimate LTBI treatment completion and toxicity of different preventive treatment regimens in a real-world setting. Secondary objective: to investigate the adherence to different approaches to preventive treatment monitoring.MethodsA multicentre retrospective cohort study was conducted using data collected prospectively on contacts of patients with TB in five hospitals in Biscay from 2003 to 2022.ResultsA total of 3,066 contacts with LTBI were included. The overall completion rate was 66.8%; 86.5% of patients on 3HR (n = 699) completed treatment vs. 68.3% (n = 1,260) of those on 6H (p < 0.0001). The rate of toxicity was 3.8%, without significant differences between the regimens. A total of 394 contacts were monitored by a TB nurse case manager. In these patients, the completion rate was 85% vs. 67% in those under standard care (p < 0.001). A multivariate logistic regression model identified three independent factors associated with treatment completion: being female, the 3HR regimen, and nurse telemonitoring.Conclusion3HR was well tolerated and associated with a higher rate of treatment completion. Patients with nurse telemonitoring follow-up had better completion rates

    Clones Identification and Genetic Characterization of Garnacha Grapevine by Means of Different PCR-Derived Marker Systems

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    This study uses PCR-derived marker systems to investigate the extent and distribution of genetic variability of 53 Garnacha accessions coming from Italy, France and Spain. The samples studied include 28 Italian accessions (named Tocai rosso in Vicenza area; Alicante in Sicily and Elba island; Gamay perugino in Perugia province; Cannonau in Sardinia), 19 Spanish accessions of different types (named Garnacha tinta, Garnacha blanca, Garnacha peluda, Garnacha roja, Garnacha erguida, Garnacha roya) and 6 French accessions (named Grenache and Grenache noir). In order to verify the varietal identity of the samples, analyses based on 14 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci were performed. The presence of an additional allele at ISV3 locus (151 bp) was found in four Tocai rosso accessions and in a Sardinian Cannonau clone, that are, incidentally, chimeras. In addition to microsatellite analysis, intravarietal variability study was performed using AFLP, SAMPL and M-AFLP molecular markers. AFLPs could discriminate among several Garnacha samples; SAMPLs allowed distinguishing few genotypes on the basis of their geographic origin, whereas M-AFLPs revealed plant-specific markers, differentiating all accessions. Italian samples showed the greatest variability among themselves, especially on the basis of their different provenance, while Spanish samples were the most similar, in spite of their morphological diversity

    Normalización de las cifras de presión en la arteria pulmonar tras tratamiento efectivo de la enfermedad de Graves

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    Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 48 años de edad con diagnóstico de hipertensión pulmonar e hipertiroidismo (enfermedad de Graves) en la que se objetivó la normalización de las cifras de presión en la arteria pulmonar tras el tratamiento de su enfermedad tiroidea. Los posibles mecanismos etiopatogénicos involucrados en esta asociación incluirían la presencia de un fallo cardíaco hiperdinámico y/o la existencia de una alteración de la inmunidad subyacente y común a ambos

    Comparación entre las normativas de la SEPAR de 1993 y 2002 en la lectura de los eventos respiratorios de las mismas polisomnografías

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    Objetivo: Comparar las normativas de la Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR) de 1993 y 2002 mediante la lectura de los eventos respiratorios de las mismas polisomnografías nocturnas. Pacientes y métodos: Se ha incluido en el estudio a 120 pacientes consecutivos con sospecha media-alta de síndrome de apneas-hipopneas (SAHS) durante el sueño. En la normativa de 1993 se usaba el termistor y sólo se valoraban las apneas y las hipopneas, mientras que en la de 2002 se emplean el termistor, la cánula de presión nasal y las bandas toracoabdominales, y se contabilizan aquéllas y los esfuerzos respiratorios relacionados con el despertar transitorio. En nuestro estudio no se utilizó la sonda de presión esofágica. Se dedujeron los índices de apneas, hipopneas y apneas- hipopneas (IAH). Se determinó a cuántos pacientes se diagnosticaba de SAHS (IAH = 10) y cuántos eran subsidiarios de tratamiento con presión positiva continua de la vía respiratoria (IAH = 30) al aplicar las 2 normativas. Resultados: Fueron válidos 118 estudios. El 80% correspondía a varones y el 20% a mujeres. La edad media (± desviación estándar) de los pacientes era de 51 ± 11,6 años, y el índice de masa corporal medio de 31,2 ± 4,3. Con la normativa de 1993, 25 pacientes tenían un IAH < 10; 38 entre 10 y 29, y dicho índice era = 30 en 50 sujetos. En el grupo total, el IAH, el índice de apneas y el de hipopneas fueron significativamente mayores con los criterios de 2002. El IAH medio de 1993 era de 33,16, y el de 2002 fue de 45,02 (p < 0,05). El 64% de los estudios normales con la normativa SEPAR de 1993 se consideraron apneicos con la de 2002. El 47,61% de los pacientes no tratables con presión positiva continua de la vía respiratoria según la normativa SEPAR de 1993 pasó a serlo con la de 2002. Conclusiones: Existen notables diferencias en el IAH, índice de apneas e índice de hipopneas según se aplique la normativa de la SEPAR de 1993 o la de 2002
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