EIXOS COGNITIVOS, COMPETÊNCIAS E HABILIDADES PRESENTES NAS QUESTÕES DO ENEM QUE ENVOLVEM CONCEITOS QUÍMICOS

..

Effects of preoperative feeding with a whey protein plus carbohydrate drink on the acute phase response and insulin resistance. A randomized trial

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Prolonged preoperative fasting increases insulin resistance and current evidence recommends carbohydrate (CHO) drinks 2 hours before surgery. Our hypothesis is that the addition of whey protein to a CHO-based drink not only reduces the inflammatory response but also diminish insulin resistance.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Seventeen patients scheduled to cholecystectomy or inguinal herniorraphy were randomized and given 474 ml and 237 ml of water (CO group) or a drink containing CHO and milk whey protein (CHO-P group) respectively, 6 and 3 hours before operation. Blood samples were collected before surgery and 24 hours afterwards for biochemical assays. The endpoints of the study were the insulin resistance (IR), the prognostic inflammatory and nutritional index (PINI) and the C-reactive protein (CRP)/albumin ratio. A 5% level for significance was established.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>There were no anesthetic or postoperative complications. The post-operative IR was lower in the CHO-P group when compared with the CO group (2.75 ± 0.72 vs 5.74 ± 1.16; p = 0.03). There was no difference between the two groups in relation to the PINI. The CHO-P group showed a decrease in the both CRP elevation and CRP/albumin ratio (p < 0.05). The proportion of patients who showed CRP/albumin ratio considered normal was significantly greater (p < 0.05) in the CHO-P group (87.5%) than in the CO group (33.3%).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Shortening the pre-operative fasting using CHO and whey protein is safe and reduces insulin resistance and postoperative acute phase response in elective moderate operations.</p> <p>Trial registration</p> <p>ClinicalTrail.gov <a href="http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01354249">NCT01354249</a></p

Using Service-Oriented Architecture in Context-Aware Applications

Abstract. The enhancements in mobile device infrastructure enable the use of a location computer service while user is on the move; such systems are known as Location-Based Services (LBS). When these applications manage user profile and context, they are coined context-aware applications. In this paper we propose a service-oriented architecture for context-aware applications named Omnipresent. Omnipresent is based on well-established standards such as Web services, and those from the OpenGeoSpatial Consortium. Omnipresent offers several services including map presentation, routing, advertisement, and also works as a reminder tool. Users may use Omnipresent either by mobile devices or Personal Computers. 1

Using Service-Oriented Architecture in Context-Aware

The enhancements in mobile device infrastructure enable the use of a location computer service while user is on the move; such systems are known as Location-Based Services (LBS). When these applications manage user profile and context, they are coined context-aware applications. In this paper we propose a service-oriented architecture for context-aware applications named Omnipresent. Omnipresent is based on well-established standards such as Web services, and those from the OpenGeoSpatial Consortium. Omnipresent offers several services including map presentation, routing, advertisement, and also works as a reminder tool. Users may use Omnipresent either by mobile devices or Personal Computers.Pages: 15-2