JPIP Proxy Server for Remote Browsing of JPEG2000 Images

The JPEG2000 image compression standard offers scalability features in support of remote browsing applications. In particular Part 9 of the JPEG2000 standard defines a protocol called JPIP for interactivity with JPEG2000 code-streams and files. In client-server application based on JPIP, a client does not directly interact with the compressed file, but formulates requests using a simple syntax which identifies the current ldquoFocus Windowrdquo. In this kind of application particularly useful could be a proxy server, that potentially can improve the performance of the system through a better use of the network infrastructure. The aim of this work is to propose a proxy server with JPIP capabilities and shows the benefits that can be brought to remote browsing applications

Scalable Compression of Deep Neural Networks

Deep neural networks generally involve some layers with mil- lions of parameters, making them difficult to be deployed and updated on devices with limited resources such as mobile phones and other smart embedded systems. In this paper, we propose a scalable representation of the network parameters, so that different applications can select the most suitable bit rate of the network based on their own storage constraints. Moreover, when a device needs to upgrade to a high-rate network, the existing low-rate network can be reused, and only some incremental data are needed to be downloaded. We first hierarchically quantize the weights of a pre-trained deep neural network to enforce weight sharing. Next, we adaptively select the bits assigned to each layer given the total bit budget. After that, we retrain the network to fine-tune the quantized centroids. Experimental results show that our method can achieve scalable compression with graceful degradation in the performance.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, ACM Multimedia 201

Role of SPECT and SPECT/CT in the Surgical Treatment of Primary Hyperparathyroidism

Primary hyperparathyroidism is the most common cause of hypercalcemia in the outpatient population. This condition is usually the result of a single hyperfunctioning parathyroid gland. Targeted parathyroidectomy guided by intraoperative parathyroid hormone monitoring (IPM) through a small cervical incision has replaced traditional bilateral neck exploration (BNE) as the initial approach in the surgical treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism at many medical centers worldwide. Preoperative sestamibi-technetium 99m scintigraphy serves as an important prerequisite for successful targeted parathyroidectomy. Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and CT fusion, however, is a recent imaging technique that provides a three-dimensional functional image with advanced contrast resolution to greatly improve preoperative localization of parathyroid tumors

Generating continuous variable quantum codewords in the near-field atomic lithography

Recently, D. Gottesman et al. [Phys. Rev. A 64, 012310 (2001)] showed how to encode a qubit into a continuous variable quantum system. This encoding was realized by using non-normalizable quantum codewords, which therefore can only be approximated in any real physical setup. Here we show how a neutral atom, falling through an optical cavity and interacting with a single mode of the intracavity electromagnetic field, can be used to safely encode a qubit into its external degrees of freedom. In fact, the localization induced by a homodyne detection of the cavity field is able to project the near-field atomic motional state into an approximate quantum codeword. The performance of this encoding process is then analyzed by evaluating the intrinsic errors induced in the recovery process by the approximated form of the generated codeword.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figure

The Effect of Medicaid on Dental Care of Poor Adults: Evidence from the Oregon Health Insurance Experiment.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of Medicaid coverage on dental care outcomes, a major health concern for low-income populations. DATA SOURCES: Primary and secondary data on health care use and outcomes for participants in Oregon\u27s 2008 Medicaid lottery. STUDY DESIGN: We used the lottery\u27s random selection to gauge the causal effects of Medicaid on dental care needs, medication, and emergency department visits for dental care. DATA COLLECTION: Data were collected for lottery participants over 2 years, including mail surveys (N = 23,777) and in-person questionnaires (N = 12,229). Emergency department (ED) records were matched to lottery participants in Portland (N = 24,646). PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Medicaid coverage significantly reduced the share of respondents who reported needing dental care (-9.8 percentage points, p \u3c .001) or having unmet dental care needs (-13.5 percentage points, p \u3c 0.001). Medicaid doubled the share visiting the ED for dental care (+2.6 percentage points, p = .003) and the use of anti-infective medications often prescribed for dental care, but it had no detectable effect on uncovered dental care or out-of-pocket spending. CONCLUSIONS: Expansion of Medicaid covering emergency dental care substantially reduced unmet need for dental care, increasing ED dental visits and medication use, while not changing patient use of uncovered dental services

Broadly Tunable External Cavity Quantum Cascade Laser Development

FY07 final report for Laser Development task of ITAS project

Ultra-Trace Chemical Sensing with Long-Wave Infrared Cavity-Enhanced Spectroscopic Sensors

The infrared sensors task of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory's (PNNL's) Remote Spectroscopy Project (Task B of Project PL211) is focused on the science and technology of remote and in-situ spectroscopic chemical sensors for detecting proliferation and coun-tering terrorism. Missions to be addressed by remote chemical sensor development in-clude detecting proliferation of nuclear or chemical weapons, and providing warning of terrorist use of chemical weapons. Missions to be addressed by in-situ chemical sensor development include countering terrorism by screening luggage, personnel, and shipping containers for explosives, firearms, narcotics, chemical weapons, or chemical weapons residues, and mapping contaminated areas. The science and technology is also relevant to chemical weapons defense, air operations support, monitoring emissions from chemi-cal weapons destruction or industrial activities, law enforcement, medical diagnostics, and other applications. Sensors for most of these missions will require extreme chemical sensitivity and selectiv-ity because the signature chemicals of importance are expected to be present in low con-centrations or have low vapor pressures, and the ambient air is likely to contain pollutants or other chemicals with interfering spectra. Cavity-enhanced chemical sensors (CES) that draw air samples into optical cavities for laser-based interrogation of their chemical content promise real-time, in-situ chemical detection with extreme sensitivity to specified target molecules and superb immunity to spectral interference and other sources of noise. PNNL is developing CES based on quantum cascade (QC) lasers that operate in the mid-wave infrared (MWIR - 3 to 5 microns) and long-wave infrared (LWIR - 8 to 14 mi-crons), and CES based on telecommunications lasers operating in the short-wave infrared (SWIR - 1 to 2 microns). All three spectral regions are promising because smaller mo-lecular absorption cross sections in the SWIR are offset by the superior performance, ma-turity, and robustness of SWIR lasers, detectors, and other components, while the reverse is true for the MWIR and LWIR bands. PNNL's research activities include identification of signature chemicals and quantification of their spectroscopy, exploration of novel sensing techniques, and experimental sensor system construction and testing. In FY02, experimental QC laser systems developed with DARPA funding were used to explore continuous-wave (cw) CES in various forms culminating in the NICE-OHMS technique [1-3] discussed below. In FY02 PNNL also built an SWIR sensor to validate utility of the SWIR spectral region for chemical sensing, and explore the science and engineering of CES in field environments. The remainder of this report is devoted to PNNL's LWIR CES research. During FY02 PNNL explored the performance and limitations of several detection tech-niques in the LWIR including direct cavity-enhanced absorption, cavity-dithered phase-sensitive detection and resonant sideband cavity-enhanced detection. This latter tech-nique is also known as NICE-OHMS, which stands for Noise-Immune Cavity-Enhanced Optical Heterodyne Molecular Spectroscopy. This technique, pioneered in the near infra-red (NIR) by Dr J. Hall and coworkers at the University of Colorado, is one of the most sensitive spectroscopic techniques currently known. In this report, the first demonstra-tion of this technique in the LWIR is presented

Feedback-control of quantum systems using continuous state-estimation

We present a formulation of feedback in quantum systems in which the best estimates of the dynamical variables are obtained continuously from the measurement record, and fed back to control the system. We apply this method to the problem of cooling and confining a single quantum degree of freedom, and compare it to current schemes in which the measurement signal is fed back directly in the manner usually considered in existing treatments of quantum feedback. Direct feedback may be combined with feedback by estimation, and the resulting combination, performed on a linear system, is closely analogous to classical LQG control theory with residual feedback.Comment: 12 pages, multicol revtex, revised and extende