Fungal diversity in wounded stems of Aquilaria malaccensis.

Aquilaria malaccensis is a tropical tree which produces agarwood in its trunk often after being wounded and attacked by pathogens or insects. Fungi are generally viewed as the main microbial component responsible for agarwood formation. In this study, isolation of fungi from agarwood in damaged trees was carried out. Culture morphology and microscopic characteristics plus PCR amplification of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region from the fungal isolates as well as wood samples, were used to identify the fungal community composition of wounded A. malaccensis trees from a natural forest in West Malaysia. Conventional culture methodology revealed Cunninghamella, Curvularia, Fusarium and Trichoderma species as members of the agarwood community. Analysis of genomic DNA confirmed the identifications. When wood samples were used directly in PCR, an additional Lasiodiplodia species was identified. Neighbor-joining trees were constructed to examine the relationships between the isolates sequence data and reference sequences in GenBank. Five distinct clades resulted, supported with high bootstrap values, indicating the presence of five distinct taxa. The wounded trunks of A. malaccensis in the natural environment harbor multiple fungal taxa that exist in a complex system as a whole or in succession leading to agarwood production in the tree trunk

Recording dan Seleksi Ternak Sapi Berdasarkan Tujuan Pemeliharaan Di Kecamatan Pujut Lombok Tengah

Penyuluhan dan pelatihan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan peternak untuk melakukan recording agar dapat memilih pejantan terbaik dari kelompok, meramu pakan berkualitas, membuat silage dan pupuk dari kotoran ternak. Pelatiham dilakukan pada hari Sabtu 23 Oktober 2021 di Kelompok Tani Karya Urip Desa Bangket Parak Kecamatan Pujut Kabupaten Lombok Tengah. Peserta adalah seluruh anggota kelompok tani Karya Urip dan perwakilan kelompok tani di Wilayah Pasung Daye. Metode yang digunakan adalah ceramah, praktek dan tanya jawab atau diskusi. Praktek dilakukan agar peserta memahami lebih dalam tentang cara recording dan memilih pejantan terbaik dalam elompok serta menyiapkan pakan berkualitas di musim kemarau serta memperhatikan kebersihan kandang. Hasil pelatihan menunjukkan respon yang sangat baik yang ditunjukkan sikap peserta sangat senang dan antusias mengikuti praktek serta banyaknya pertanyaan yang diajukan selama ceramah dan pelatihan Produktivitas sapi bali secara garis besar dapat ditingkatkan dengan dua cara yaitu perbaikan pengelolaan dan perbaikan mutu genetik

Differentiating placenta accreta spectrum from scar dehiscence with underlying, non‐adherent placenta: A systematic review of scoring systems and primary data analysis

Introduction: Accurate discrimination between placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) and scar dehiscence with underlying non‐adherent placenta is challenging both on prenatal ultrasound and intraoperatively. This can lead to overdiagnosis of PAS and unnecessarily aggressive management of scar dehiscence which increases the risk of morbidity. Several scoring systems have been published which combine clinical and ultrasound information to help diagnose PAS in women at high risk. This research aims to provide insights into the reliability and utility of existing accreta scoring systems in differentiating these two closely related but different conditions to contribute to improved clinical decision making and patient outcomes. Material and Methods: A literature search was performed in four electronic databases. The references of relevant articles were also assessed. The articles were then evaluated according to the predefined inclusion criteria. Primary data for testing each scoring system were obtained retrospectively from two hospitals with specialized PAS services. Each scoring system was used to evaluate the predicted outcome of each case. Results: The literature review yielded 15 articles. Of these, eight did not have a clearly described diagnostic criteria for accreta, hence were excluded. Of the remaining seven studies, one was excluded due to unorthodox diagnostic criteria and two were excluded as they differed from the other systems hindering comparison. Four scoring systems were therefore tested with the primary data. All the scoring systems demonstrated higher scores for high‐grade PAS compared to scar dehiscence (p < 0.001) with an excellent Area Under the receiver operator characteristic Curve ranging from 0.82 (95% CI 0.71–0.92) to 0.87 (95% CI 0.79–0.96) in differentiating between these two conditions. However, no statistically significant differences were noted between the low‐grade PAS and scar dehiscence on all scoring systems. Conclusions: Most published scoring systems have no clearly defined diagnostic criteria. Scoring systems can differentiate between scar dehiscence with underlying non‐adherent placenta from high‐grade PAS with excellent diagnostic accuracy, but not for low‐grade PAS. Hence, relying solely on these scoring systems may lead to errors in estimating the risk or extent of the condition which hinders preoperative planning

Pengembangan Usaha Pembibitan Ayam Kampung di Kabupaten Lombok Timur

Ayam buras merupakan potensi di daerah yang tersebar diseluruh Indonesia, khususnya di daerah pedesaan. Jenis unggas ini mempunyai beberapa keunggulan dibandingkan dengan jenis unggas lainnya yaitu : mudah dipelihara, cepat beradaptasi dengan lingkungan dan umumnya tahan terhadap penyakit tertentu, peluang pasar masih terbuka lebar, dan dapat dilaksanakan dengan modal terbatas. Namun demikian, usaha ayam buras ini masih sulit ditingkatkan karena selain keterbatasan modal, ketersediaan bibit ayam buras masih sulit diperoleh secara berkelanjutan. Penyuluhan dan pelatihan ini dilaksanakan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan peternak agar dapat memproduksi bibit ayam yang berkualitas sehingga tersedia secara kontinyu dan&nbsp; mampu memilih induk yang baik untuk bibit. Pelatihan dilakukan di Desa denggen Kecamatan Selong Kabupaten Lombok Timur pada tanggal 22 Juli 2023. Hasil penyuluhan dan pelatihan menunjukkan bahwa peternak dapat memahami teknik menghasilkan bibit berkualitas yang ditunjukkan dengan keterampilan pada saat pelatihan. Peternak juga menunjukkan respon yang sangat baik dan sangat antusias mengikuti praktek serta banyaknya pertanyaan yang diajukan selama ceramah dan pelatihan

Geographic access to working family planning centers and unintended pregnancies among married women: a community based nested case control study.

Background: Unintended pregnancies pose substantial risk to mothers and children. In Pakistan, unintended pregnancies account for 46% of all pregnancies. Lack of geographic access to open and well-supplied family planning (FP) centers may be related to the occurrence of such pregnancies, particularly in rural areas. Objective: The objective of this analysis is to determine if geographic access to family planning centers in the Thatta district of Pakistan is related to unintended pregnancy rates among married women. Methods: We conducted a community-based, nested case-control study of 800 pregnant women identified from the database of an active surveillance system, which registers and follows all pregnant women in the catchment area of Thatta district. Women were enrolled during the first trimester; those that reported their pregnancy to be unintended were selected as cases (n = 200), and those whose pregnancies were intended served as controls (n = 600). We defined geographic access as including both the distance of a family planning center from the woman’s home, and availability of personal transportation. Logistic regression was used for analysis. Results: In the multivariate model, neither distance [OR = 1.0; 95% CI (0.95 - 1.05)] nor availability of transportation [OR = 1.14; 95% CI (0.78 - 1.67)] were significantly associated with unintended pregnancy. In fact, women with unintended pregnancies were more likely to be aware of family planning [OR = 2.21; 95% CI (1.23 - 3.97)] and more likely to have been using a contraceptive method before conceiving their index pregnancy [OR = 3.59; 95% CI (1.83 - 7.06)]. Other factors related to unintended pregnancy were older maternal age [OR = 1.13; 95% CI (1.08 - 1.17)], having already had at least one son [OR = 3.13; 95% CI (1.93 - 5.07)]; spousal opposition to contraceptive use, [OR = 3.24; 95% CI (1.89 - 5.56)] and low spousal education level [OR = 1.85; 95% CI (1.08 - 3.18)] as compared to women with intended pregnancy. Conclusion: Lack of geographic access to FP centers is not a risk factor for unintended pregnancy in women from the Thatta district. However, in this population, unintended pregnancies are more common among older women, women having at least one son, and those who have a spouse who does not approve of contraceptive use, and is less educated. Of note, women who reported unintended pregnancy did have knowledge about FP and were more often using contraceptives before they conceived

Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Two Stay Two Stray Berbasis Video Dalam Meningkatkan Keaktifan Belajar Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran PPKn Kelas VII Di SMPN 10 Mataram

Proses pembelajaran merupakan suatu interaksi antara dua orang atau lebih. Dalam proses pembelajaran guru harus dapat mengatur pelaksanaan dalam belajar interaksi antar guru dan siswa. Keaktifan belajar merupakan salah satu unsur dasar yang paling penting diterapkan dalam proses pembelajaran. Guru dituntut agar memiliki kemampuan dalam mengelola pola pengajaran yang menerapkan model Two Stay Two Stray. Tujuan penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas guru dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Kooperatif Two Stay Two Stray dalam pembelajaran PPKn di SMPN 10 Mataram, Untuk mengetahui keaktifan siswa dalam proses pembelajaraan PPKn setelah diterapkan model pembelajaran Kooperatif Two Stay Two Stray di SMPN 10 Mataram

Requirement analysis: users’ involvement in IS model development

The active involvement of the users (also known as curriculum designers in this study) in designing curriculum in Institution of Higher Learning (IHL)is important. Earlier study conducted shown that curriculum designers face challenges such as mapping course learning outcomes to programme learning outcomes and calculating student learning time manually requires much effort.The curriculum design process also faced problems such as error-prone and consume a lot of time. This paper presents the results of gathering and analyzing user requirements during the development of a proposed model, named as information System Curriculum Design (ISCD) model. The requirement analysis consists of literature review on the existing systems and a survey on ducted among 90 curriculum designers from 20 IHL. The respondents who have at least one year experience in curriculum design have verified the components and subcomponent of ISCD model by indicating their perception o the importance of these components. The overall results show that all components and subcomponents are perceived important by curriculum designers in IHL and the relationships are positively related to each other

Influence of electrolyte co-additives on the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells

The presence of specific chemical additives in the redox electrolyte results in an efficient increase of the photovoltaic performance of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). The most effective additives are 4-tert-butylpyridine (TBP), N-methylbenzimidazole (NMBI) and guanidinium thiocyanate (GuNCS) that are adsorbed onto the photoelectrode/electrolyte interface, thus shifting the semiconductor's conduction band edge and preventing recombination with triiodides. In a comparative work, we investigated in detail the action of TBP and NMBI additives in ionic liquid-based redox electrolytes with varying iodine concentrations, in order to extract the optimum additive/I2 ratio for each system. Different optimum additive/I2 ratios were determined for TBP and NMBI, despite the fact that both generally work in a similar way. Further addition of GuNCS in the optimized electrolytic media causes significant synergistic effects, the action of GuNCS being strongly influenced by the nature of the corresponding co-additive. Under the best operation conditions, power conversion efficiencies as high as 8% were obtained

Efficacy of Allopurinol in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background: Given current evidence, the use of allopurinol for the prevention of major cardiovascular events (acute cardiovascular syn-drome (ACS) or cardiovascular mortality) in patients undergoing cor-onary artery bypass graft (CABG), after index ACS or heart failure remains unknown. Methods: Multiple databases were queried to identify studies com-paring the efficacy of allopurinol in patients undergoing CABG, after ACS or heart failure. The unadjusted odds ratio (OR) was calculated using a random effect model. Results: A total of nine studies comprising 850 patients (allopurinol 480, control 370) were identified. The pooled OR of periprocedural ACS (OR: 0.25, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.06 - 0.96, P = 0.05) and cardiovascular mortality (OR: 0.22, 95% CI: 0.07 - 0.71, P = 0.01) was significantly lower in patients receiving allopurinol during CABG compared to patients in the control group. The overall number needed to treat (NNT) to prevent one ACS event was 11 (95% CI: 7 - 28), while the NNT to prevent one death was 24 (95% CI: 13 - 247). By contrast, the odds of cardiovascular mortality in the allopurinol group were not significantly different from the control group in pa-tients on long-term allopurinol after ACS or heart failure (OR: 0.33, 95% CI: 0.01 - 8.21, P = 0.50) and (OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 0.39 - 3.20, P = 0.83), respectively. Similarly, the use of allopurinol did not reduce the odds of recurrent ACS events at 2 years (OR: 0.32, 95% CI: 0.03 - 3.18, P = 0.33). Conclusions: Periprocedural use of allopurinol might be associated with a significant reduction in the odds of ACS and cardiovascular mortality in patients undergoing CABG. Allopurinol, however, offers no long-term benefits in terms of secondary prevention of ACS or mortality. Larger scale studies are needed to validate our findings

A simple guide to ultrasound screening for placenta accreta spectrum for improving detection and optimizing management in resource limited settings

Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Authors. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics.Placenta accreta spectrum is a pregnancy complication associated with severe morbidity and maternal mortality especially when not suspected antenatally and appropriate management instigated. Women in resource-limited settings are more likely to face adverse outcomes due to logistic, technical, and resource inadequacies. Accurate prenatal imaging is an important step in ensuring good outcomes because it allows adequate preparation and an appropriate management approach. This article provides a simple three-step approach aimed at guiding clinicians and sonographers with minimal experience in placental accreta spectrum through risk stratification and basic prenatal screening for this condition both with and without Doppler ultrasound.Peer reviewe