Phonons in MgB2 by Polarized Raman Scattering on Single Crystals

The paper presents detailed Raman scattering study of the unusually broad E2g phonon mode in MgB2 crystal. For the first time, it is shown by the polarized Raman scattering on few-micron-size crystallites with natural faces that the observed broad Raman feature really does obey the selection rules of an E2g mode. Raman spectra on high quality polycrystalline superconducting MgB2 wires reveal a very symmetric E2g phonon line near 615 1/cm with the room temperature linewidth of 260 1/cm only. Additional scattering of different polarization dependence, observed in certain crystallites is interpreted as weighted phonon density of states induced by lattice imperfections.Comment: 4 pages + 7 figure

Frances: A Tool for Understanding Computer Architecture and Assembly Language

Students in all areas of computing require knowledge of the computing device including software implementation at the machine level. Several courses in computer science curricula address these low-level details such as computer architecture and assembly languages. For such courses, there are advantages to studying real architectures instead of simplified examples. However, real architectures and instruction sets introduce complexity that makes them difficult to grasp in a single semester course. Visualization techniques can help ease this burden, unfortunately existing tools are often difficult to use and consequently difficult to adopt in a course where time is already limited. To solve this problem, we present Frances. Frances graphically illustrates key differences between familiar high-level languages and unfamiliar low-level languages and also illustrates how familiar high-level programs behave on real architectures. Key to this tool is that we use a simple Web interface that requires no setup, easing course adoption hurdles. We also include several features that further enhance its usefulness in a classroom setting. These features include graphical relationships between high-level code and machine code, clearly illustrated step-by-step machine state transitions, color coding to make instruction behavior clear, and illustration of pointers. We have used Frances in courses and performed experimental evaluation. Our experiences with Frances in the classroom demonstrate its usability. Most notably, in our experimental setting, students with no computer architecture course experience were able to complete lessons using Frances with no guidance

Reaction kinetics of the formation of intermetallic Fe – Zn during hot - dip galvanizing of steel

This review article mainly describes the composition of intermetallic Fe - Zn, i.e. zeta (ζ), delta (δ1k + δ1p), gamma1 (Γ1) and gamma (Γ) on galvanized steel during low temperature galvanization (t ~ 450 °C). It gives detailed the formation, growth of individual phases during galvanization and their interaction. In terms of the kinetics, the formation of the coating is defined by a parabolic kinetic equation of the growth of different intermetallic phases under ideal conditions. From the available literature the rate constants of the formation of individual intermetallic phases and also for the total coating are cited. The composition of the intermetallic phases, iron content, crystal structure, and group symmetry in which the surface of galvanized steel forms

Corrosion properties of chromia based eco - friendly coatings on mild steel

Ceramic nanocrystalline coatings of chromium oxide (III) on steel S235JRH-1.0038 (EN 10025-1) were prepared using the liquid precursor plasma spraying (LPPS) method from ammonia dichromate (VI). Their structure and anti – corrosion properties were compared to the standard chromium oxide (III) coating prepared by thermal spraying. The newly prepared coatings had very high adhesion and minimal porosity. Anticorrosion properties were characterized by the means of the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), measuring the charge transfer resistance Rct and capacitance of electrical double layer CPEdl in the 0,5 mol/l NaCl. Coatings of Cr2 O3 prepared by the LPPS method showed unambiguously improved anti - corrosion properties

Bond strength of plasma sprayed ceramic coatings on the phosphated steels

In the presented work, results of adhesion measurements for different systems of steel sheet-phosphate interlayer-ceramiccoating are described. The interlayers were produced by zinc phosphating; alumina, olivine and zirconiasilica-alumina (e.g. eucor) coatings were deposited by water stabilized plasma torch WSP®. However, successful application of the WSP technique depends on the choice of correct deposition parameters preserving the hydrated phosphates from thermal destruction by the molten ceramic particles. For the adhesion measurement ISO 4624standardized test was used. Corrosion resistivity was measured by polarisation resistance and free corrosion potential in 3 % NaCl solution. Key words

Boronized steels with corundum-baddeleyite coatings

The paper describes preparation and properties of anti-corrosion and anti-abrasive coatings from corundum-baddeleyite ceramics deposited on surface of low-carbon boronized steel S235JRH-1.0038 (EN 10025-1) by plasma spraying method. Adhesive interlayers Fe2B reaches bond strength of up to 20 MPa in the pull-off tests, the ZrO2 - Al2O3 - SiO2 coatings have a value of fracture adhesion of 4 - 6 MPa. Hardness of these ceramic coatings on steel is as high as 1 800 HV100 and its polarization resistance is 1 600 Ω/cm2 to 4 000 Ω/cm2

Modeling and Analysis of Interactions in Virtual Enterprises

Advances in computer networking technology and open system standards are making the creation and management of virtual enterprises feasible. A virtual enterprise is a temporary consortium of autonomous, diverse, and possibly geographically dispersed organizations that pool their resources to meet short-term objectives and exploit fastchanging market trends. For a virtual enterprise to succeed, its business processes must be automated, and its startup costs must be minimized. In this paper we describe a formal framework for modeling and reasoning about interactions in a virtual enterprise. Such a framework will form the basis for tools that provide automated support for creation and operation of virtual enterprises. 1

Measurement of Electromagnetic Activity of Yeast Cells at 42 GHz

This paper discusses the possibility of using a device composed of a resonant cavity, preamplifiers, and a spectrum analyzer to detect electromagnetic emission of yeast cells at a frequency of about 42 GHz. Measurement in this frequency range is based on the Frohlich\'s postulate of coherent polar oscillations as a fundamental biophysical property of biological systems and on the experiments of Grundler and Keilmann who disclosed effects of exposure to the electromagnetic field at 42 GHz on the growth rate of yeast cells. This article includes a detailed description of the laboratory equipment and the methods used to evaluate the obtained results