147 research outputs found
Polarized beam operation of the Hybrid Spectrometer at the pulsed Spallation Neutron Source
The concept of a neutron Hybrid Spectrometer (HYSPEC) combines the
time-of-flight spectroscopy with the focusing Bragg optics and incorporates a
polarized beam option. Here we describe the polarization analysis scheme
proposed for HYSPEC and quantify its performance via the Monte-Carlo
simulations. We find that the broadband supermirror-bender transmission
polarizers provide reasonably good polarization analysis capability within
about 8-10 meV energy window for scattered neutron energies in the thermal
range up to about 25 meV.Comment: Preprint, to appear in Physica B. 10 pages, 4 figure
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Absolute measurement of the critical scattering cross section in cobalt
Small-angle neutron scattering techniques have been used to study the angular distribution of the critical scattering from cobalt above T/sub c/. These measurements have been put on an absolute scale by calibrating the critical scattering directly against the nuclear incoherent scattering from cobalt. In this way the interaction range r, which appears in the classical and modified Ornstein--Zernike expressions for the asymptotic form of the spin pair correlation function and is related to the strength of the spin correlations, has been determined. We obtain r/a = 0.46 +- 0.03 for the ratio of the interaction range to the nearest-neighbor distance in cobalt. This result is in good agreement with theoretical predictions. Lack of agreement among previous determinations of the ratio r/a made in iron failed to provide a definitive comparison with theory. (auth
Exchange coupling in Eu monochalcogenides from first principles
Using a density functional method with explicit account for strong Coulomb
repulsion within the 4f shell, we calculate effective exchange parameters and
the corresponding ordering temperatures of the (ferro)magnetic insulating Eu
monochalcogenides (EuX; X=O,S,Se,Te) at ambient and elevated pressure
conditions. Our results provide quantitative account of the many-fold increase
of the Curie temperatures with applied pressure and reproduce well the
enhancement of the tendency toward ferromagnetic ordering across the series
from telluride to oxide, including the crossover from antiferromagnetic to
ferromagnetic ordering under pressure in EuTe and EuSe. The first and second
neighbor effective exchange are shown to follow different functional
dependencies. Finally, model calculations indicate a significant contribution
of virtual processes involving the unoccupied f states to the effective
exchange.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figure
Layer-by-layer Growth of Solid Argon Films on Graphite as Studied by Neutron Diffraction
The layer-by-layer growth of solid argon films on graphite at T=10 K is studied using elastic neutron diffraction. The growth is characterized by individual layers with commensurate in-plane lattice constants. As the coverage is increased beyond two layers, evidence of the coexistence of ABC and ABA stacking is apparent, with the ABC sequence dominating as the film thickens. A continuous decrease in the Debye-Waller factor also occurs as the film thickness grows, indicating a crossover from two-dimensional to three-dimensional behavior. As the coverage is increased beyond about four nominal layers, there is evidence of bulk crystallite formation. The diffraction results are compared with equivalent measurements for methane films and with the recent computer simulations of Hruska and Phillips
Softening and Broadening of the Zone Boundary Magnons in Pr0.63Sr0.37MnO3
We have studied the spin dynamics in PrSrMnO above and
below the Curie temperature K. Three distinct new features have been
observed: a softening of the magnon dispersion at the zone boundary for
, significant broadening of the zone boundary magnons as , and
no evidence for residual spin-wave like excitations just above . The
results are inconsistent with double exchange models that have been
successfully applied to higher samples, indicating an evolution of the
spin system with decreasing .Comment: 12 pages, Latex, 3 figure
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Integrating Monitoring and Decision Modeling within a Cooperative Framework: Promoting Transboundary Water Management and Avoiding Regional Conflict
Surface and groundwater resources do not recognize political boundaries. Where nature and boundary cross, tension over shared water resources can erupt. Such tension is exacerbated in regions where demand approaches or exceeds sustainable supplies of water. Establishing equitable management strategies can help prevent and resolve conflict over shared water resources. This paper describes a methodology for addressing transboundary water issues predicated on the integration of monitoring and modeling within a framework of cooperation. Cooperative monitoring begins with agreement by international scientists and/or policy makers on transboundary monitoring goals and strategies; it leads to the process of obtaining and sharing agreed-upon information among parties with the purpose of providing verifiable and secure data. Cooperative modeling is the process by which the parties jointly interpret the data, forecast future events and trends, and quantify cause and effect relationships. Together, cooperative monitoring and modeling allow for the development and assessment of alternative management and remediation strategies that could form the basis of regional watershed agreements or treaties. An example of how this multifaceted approach might be used to manage a shared water resource is presented for the Kura River basin in the Caucasus
Influence of defects on the lattice constant of GaMnAs
We study the influence of main compensating defects: As antisites and Mn
interstitials, known to occur in GaMnAs ferromagnetic semiconductor, on its
structural properties. Our experimental results show that there is a balance
between Mn interstitial and As antisite defects, leading to the reduced density
of one type of defect upon increased density of another defect. The significant
differences in the lattice parameters of GaMnAs with the different balance
between these two types of defects were observed. The annealing induced
reduction of GaMnAs lattice constant is inhibited in the samples with large
density of As antisites.Comment: 17 pages, 4 figure
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