Kondo effect in coupled quantum dots with RKKY interaction: Finite temperature and magnetic field effects

We study transport through two quantum dots coupled by an RKKY interaction as a function of temperature and magnetic field. By applying the Numerical Renormalization Group (NRG) method we obtain the transmission and the linear conductance. At zero temperature and magnetic field, we observe a quantum phase transition between the Kondo screened state and a local spin singlet as the RKKY interaction is tuned. Above the critical RKKY coupling the Kondo peak is split. However, we find that both finite temperature and magnetic field restore the Kondo resonance. Our results agree well with recent transport experiments on gold grain quantum dots in the presence of magnetic impurities.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure

Two-stage Kondo effect in side-coupled quantum dots: Renormalized perturbative scaling theory and Numerical Renormalization Group analysis

We study numerically and analytically the dynamical (AC) conductance through a two-dot system, where only one of the dots is coupled to the leads but it is also side-coupled to the other dot through an antiferromagnetic exchange (RKKY) interaction. In this case the RKKY interaction gives rise to a ``two-stage Kondo effect'' where the two spins are screened by two consecutive Kondo effects. We formulate a renormalized scaling theory that captures remarkably well the cross-over from the strongly conductive correlated regime to the low temperature low conductance state. Our analytical formulas agree well with our numerical renormalization group results. The frequency dependent current noise spectrum is also discussed.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figure

Statistical physics of cerebral embolization leading to stroke

We discuss the physics of embolic stroke using a minimal model of emboli moving through the cerebral arteries. Our model of the blood flow network consists of a bifurcating tree, into which we introduce particles (emboli) that halt flow on reaching a node of similar size. Flow is weighted away from blocked arteries, inducing an effective interaction between emboli. We justify the form of the flow weighting using a steady flow (Poiseuille) analysis and a more complicated nonlinear analysis. We discuss free flowing and heavily congested limits and examine the transition from free flow to congestion using numerics. The correlation time is found to increase significantly at a critical value, and a finite size scaling is carried out. An order parameter for non-equilibrium critical behavior is identified as the overlap of blockages' flow shadows. Our work shows embolic stroke to be a feature of the cerebral blood flow network on the verge of a phase transition.Comment: 11 pages, 11 figures. Major rewrite including improved justification of the model and a finite size scalin

Burst-by-Burst Adaptive Decision Feedback Equalised TCM, TTCM and BICM for H.263-Assisted Wireless Video Telephony

Decision Feedback Equaliser (DFE) aided wideband Burst-by-Burst (BbB) Adaptive Trellis Coded Modulation (TCM), Turbo Trellis Coded Modulation (TTCM) and Bit-Interleaved Coded Modulation (BICM) assisted H.263-based video transceivers are proposed and characterised in performance terms when communicating over the COST 207 Typical Urban wideband fading channel. Specifically, four different modulation modes, namely 4QAM, 8PSK, 16QAM and 64QAM are invoked and protected by the above-mentioned coded modulation schemes. The TTCM assisted scheme was found to provide the best video performance, although at the cost of the highest complexity. A range of lower-complexity arrangements will also be characterised. Finally, in order to confirm these findings in an important practical environment, we have also investigated the adaptive TTCM scheme in the CDMA-based Universal Mobile Telecommunications System's (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) scenario and the good performance of adaptive TTCM scheme recorded when communicating over the COST 207 channels was retained in the UTRA environment

Rotational covariance and light-front current matrix elements

Light-front current matrix elements for elastic scattering from hadrons with spin~1 or greater must satisfy a nontrivial constraint associated with the requirement of rotational covariance for the current operator. Using a model $\rho$ meson as a prototype for hadronic quark models, this constraint and its implications are studied at both low and high momentum transfers. In the kinematic region appropriate for asymptotic QCD, helicity rules, together with the rotational covariance condition, yield an additional relation between the light-front current matrix elements.Comment: 16 pages, [no number

Dynamics of composite Haldane spin chains in IPA-CuCl3

Magnetic excitations in the quasi-one-dimensional antiferromagnet IPA-CuCl3 are studied by cold neutron inelastic scattering. Strongly dispersive gap excitations are observed. Contrary to previously proposed models, the system is best described as an asymmetric quantum spin ladder. The observed spectrum is interpreted in terms of ``composite'' Haldane spin chains. The key difference from actual S=1 chains is a sharp cutoff of the single-magnon spectrum at a certain critical wave vector.Comment: 4 pages 4 figure

The effect of network structure on phase transitions in queuing networks

Recently, De Martino et al have presented a general framework for the study of transportation phenomena on complex networks. One of their most significant achievements was a deeper understanding of the phase transition from the uncongested to the congested phase at a critical traffic load. In this paper, we also study phase transition in transportation networks using a discrete time random walk model. Our aim is to establish a direct connection between the structure of the graph and the value of the critical traffic load. Applying spectral graph theory, we show that the original results of De Martino et al showing that the critical loading depends only on the degree sequence of the graph -- suggesting that different graphs with the same degree sequence have the same critical loading if all other circumstances are fixed -- is valid only if the graph is dense enough. For sparse graphs, higher order corrections, related to the local structure of the network, appear.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figure

An Optimal Algorithm for the Maximum-Density Segment Problem

We address a fundamental problem arising from analysis of biomolecular sequences. The input consists of two numbers $w_{\min}$ and $w_{\max}$ and a sequence $S$ of $n$ number pairs $(a_i,w_i)$ with $w_i>0$. Let {\em segment} $S(i,j)$ of $S$ be the consecutive subsequence of $S$ between indices $i$ and $j$. The {\em density} of $S(i,j)$ is $d(i,j)=(a_i+a_{i+1}+...+a_j)/(w_i+w_{i+1}+...+w_j)$. The {\em maximum-density segment problem} is to find a maximum-density segment over all segments $S(i,j)$ with $w_{\min}\leq w_i+w_{i+1}+...+w_j \leq w_{\max}$. The best previously known algorithm for the problem, due to Goldwasser, Kao, and Lu, runs in $O(n\log(w_{\max}-w_{\min}+1))$ time. In the present paper, we solve the problem in O(n) time. Our approach bypasses the complicated {\em right-skew decomposition}, introduced by Lin, Jiang, and Chao. As a result, our algorithm has the capability to process the input sequence in an online manner, which is an important feature for dealing with genome-scale sequences. Moreover, for a type of input sequences $S$ representable in $O(m)$ space, we show how to exploit the sparsity of $S$ and solve the maximum-density segment problem for $S$ in $O(m)$ time.Comment: 15 pages, 12 figures, an early version of this paper was presented at 11th Annual European Symposium on Algorithms (ESA 2003), Budapest, Hungary, September 15-20, 200

Sensitivity of tensor analyzing power in the process d+p→d+Xd+p\to d+X to the longitudinal isoscalar form factor of the Roper resonance electroexcitation

The tensor analyzing power of the process $d + p \to d + X$, for forward deuteron scattering in the momentum interval 3.7 to 9 GeV/c, is studied in the framework of $\omega$ exchange in an algebraic collective model for the electroexcitation of nucleon resonances. We point out a special sensitivity of the tensor analyzing power to the isoscalar longitudinal form factor of the Roper resonance excitation. The main argument is that the $S_{11}(1535)$, $D_{13}(1520)$ and $S_{11}(1650)$ resonances have only isovector longitudinal form factors. It is the longitudinal form factor of the Roper excitation, which plays an important role in the $t-$dependence of the tensor analyzing power. We discuss possible evidence of swelling of hadrons with increasing excitation energy.Comment: 12 pages, 10 figure