Negotiating place : community participation and design in the planning of public schools

Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2002.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 45-47).Schools play key roles in land use, community development and public policy issues. The construction of new schools, in particular, has come to be seen as a critical growth factor with broad impacts. A participatory school design process is proposed as a model to plan, design and build schools that respond to multiple stakeholder interests. In order to describe how such a process would work, research in urban design, school design, educational facility planning, and participatory design is combined with local case interviews. The results of the research and interviews promote an understanding of the challenges a participatory school design process would face, as well as the support on which such a process could develop. Ideas drawn from consensus building models and from urban design theorists address many of the challenges to which the cases provide no clear prescriptive guidance. These include the organization of a participatory process and the key physical design questions. Combining these models produces a basic framework for a participatory school design process. The framework recognizes that the uncertainty of institutional change and tensions that arise from basic value differences remain to be addressed through testing of the framework.by Richard L. Milk.M.C.P

Local Gene Regulation Details a Recognition Code within the LacI Transcriptional Factor Family

The specific binding of regulatory proteins to DNA sequences exhibits no clear patterns of association between amino acids (AAs) and nucleotides (NTs). This complexity of protein-DNA interactions raises the question of whether a simple set of wide-coverage recognition rules can ever be identified. Here, we analyzed this issue using the extensive LacI family of transcriptional factors (TFs). We searched for recognition patterns by introducing a new approach to phylogenetic footprinting, based on the pervasive presence of local regulation in prokaryotic transcriptional networks. We identified a set of specificity correlations –determined by two AAs of the TFs and two NTs in the binding sites– that is conserved throughout a dominant subgroup within the family regardless of the evolutionary distance, and that act as a relatively consistent recognition code. The proposed rules are confirmed with data of previous experimental studies and by events of convergent evolution in the phylogenetic tree. The presence of a code emphasizes the stable structural context of the LacI family, while defining a precise blueprint to reprogram TF specificity with many practical applications.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Spain (Formación de Profesorado Universitario fellowship)Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Spain (grant BFU2008-03632/BMC)Madrid (Spain : Region) (grant CCG08-CSIC/SAL-3651

Movimiento obrero ecuatoriano : el desafío de la integración

Un repaso de la del movimiento obrero ecuatoriano donde establece las bases de un acercamiento sistemático entre poder político y poder económico de una sociedad cambiante bajo los cimientos de la historia. 1.- Antecedentes históricos 2.- Sociedades pioneras 3.- Consolidación regional 4.- Guayaquil, 15 de noviembre de 1922 5.- La reacción católica: CEDOC 6.- Cumpliendo con el reto: CTE 7.- Posdata: 1944-1977 8.- Ensayo sobre fuentes 9.- Postcriptum. La concertación social en el Ecuador actual 10.- Los primeros sindicatos industriale