Gambaran Disabilitas pada Penduduk dengan Diabetes Mellitus di Indonesia , Riskesdas 2013

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of degenerative diseases with high burden due to its impact on mortality and disability. There is yet information on the prevalence of DM related disability in Indonesian community. Analysis was performed to depict disability among “healthy\u27 and DM in population. The sample was derived from Riskesdas 2013 comprising 430,304 respondents aged 35 or higher. The results showed that DM prevalence was 3.6%. Females who lived in urban had higher prevalence. The prevalence of disability among the “healthy” was 13.8% while among DM was 44.1%. DM related disability started to rise among those aged 55 or higher. The 75 or higher age group had the highest prevalence (76.2%). Cognitive and mobility limitation were the highest disability among the diabetic. Those with DM had 4,89 times (95% CI 4,74 – 5,07) higher risk of disability compared with the ‘healthy group\u27. Meanwhile respondents with DM and stroke had the highest disability prevalence compared with other groups. The increasing trend of DM prevalence in Indonesia will be accompanied by disabilities. This will become burden for the sufferers, their family and society. Therefore it is necessary to strengthen DM prevention, promotion program, and improve DM related disability management

Prevalensi Diabetes Melitus Pada Tuberkulosis Dan Masalah Terapi

The incidence and prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is rapidly increasing across the world. DM has been known as one of the risk factors for tuberculosis (TB). DM was seen to have a negative effect on the outcome of TB treatment. This paper is a literature review based on articles about DM and TB taken from PubMed, Google, and Mendeley published ten years behind. Screening for DM in persons with TB demonstrated that DM prevalence in TB population is high. DM prevalence in TB was about 5,4 % – 44,0 %. Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor to develop active tuberculosis (OR: 1,5 – 8,9). DM impairs the immunity of the patients and therefore DM is an independent risk factor for infections such as TB. Lack control of diabetes predisposes the patient to tuberculosis. People with diabetes are more likely to fail TB treatment compared to those without diabetes. Effective management of both diseases require the same elements including early detection, providing guided standard treatment, and proper drug intak

Penanganan Kegemukan pada Anak Sekolah Dasar di Kecamatan Menteng Jakarta Pusat melalui USAha Kesehatan Sekolah dan Penyertaan Peran Orangtua

The prevalence of overweight and obesity among children is increasing in Indonesia. Effective public policy is needed to prevent this problem. The aims of the study are (1) to know about the prevalence of overweight and obesity among elementary school children in Menteng subdistrict area, Jakarta. Indonesia, hypercholesterolemia dan hypertension among the overweight and obesity and also frequency the vegetables and fruits taking daily (2) To make the model of management for control overweight and obesity by intervention study with diet and physical activity education through health school program and parents participation. The study had been done in Menteng subdistrict area, Jakarta Indonesia. By proportional stratified random sampling were found 11 Government and 7 non Government elementary schools consisted of 1387 children (717 boys and 670 girls), in third and fourth year, 8-11 years old. Anthropometry measurement (weight and height) were carried out for those children. Based on WHO NCHS (weight for height) classification were found overweight 143 children (10,3%) and obesity 37 children (2,7%). Study was continued by field trial. 146 children with overweight and obesity combined who had informed consent divided into two groups i.e. 84 as intervention and 62 as control group Each child was interviewed about dietary recall one day before intervention and physical activity, measured anthropometrics, physical examination, blood pressure and blood cholesterol. It was found that the children who had not taking vegetables 39% and fruit 44% hypercholesterolemia (≥ 200 mg/dl) 14 children (9,8%) and hypertension (≥ 140/90) 3 children (2,1%). In intervention group the teachers from Health School Program delivered promotion about healthy diets, and increasing activities for decreasing the body weight every Monday. Physical education instructors lead running exercise twice in a week for 50 minutes beside basket ball that already given in school curricula 1 x/week. The interventions had been done for 3 months. The parents of children in intervention and control group were given lea/lets about how to make healthy life style in children in order to prevent obesity. The results showed increasing of BMI in intervention group 0,17 ± 1,07 kg/m2 and 0,52 ± 0,71 in control group, with t test p = 0,027 (<0,05). From intervention group who had hypercholesterolemia (≥ 200 mg/dl) from 11 children (7,7%) decreased to 4 children(2,8%) and in control from 3(2,1%) to 1(0,7%) children. Two from intervention group who had hypertension decreased to normal range and one in control group. The children who had not eaten any vegetables in intervention group decreased from 39,3% to 26,2% and in control from 38,7% to 30,7% and not taking fruits in intervention decreased from 42,9% to 33,3% and in control group from 45,2% to 38,7%. The conclusion that model of management obesity through leaflets, exercise and healthy diets education, could decrease BMI in intervention more than control group. Hypercholesterolemia, hypertension and not eat vegetables and fruits decrease for two groups. These results proved the model that healthy diets education and exercise is effective for prevention and management of the childhood obesity through Health School Program and parents participation

Manfaat Ekstrak Etanol Patikan Kebo (Euphorbia Hirta L.) Sebagai Laktagogum Pada Tikus Putih Yang Menyusui

MANFAAT EKSTRAK ETANOL PATIKAN KEBO (EUPHORBIA HIRTA L.) SEBAGAI LAKTAGOGUM PADA TIKUS PUTIH YANG MENYUSU

Health as Submission and Social Responsibilities: Embodied Experiences of Javanese Women With Type II Diabetes

By examining women’s experiences with type II diabetes, we explore how illness can provide resources to construct meanings of everyday life in Javanese culture. We conducted in-depth interviews with 30 female participants in Central Java, Indonesia, and adopted grounded theory for data analysis. We identified four themes that diabetes serves as resources for women in Indonesia to (a) normalize suffering, (b) resist social control, (c) accept fate, and (d) validate faith. We concluded by noting three unique aspects of Javanese women’s illness management. First, through the performance of submission, our participants demonstrated spirituality and religiosity as essential elements of health. Second, diabetes empowers individuals in everyday suffering through two divergent processes: embracing submission and resisting control. Finally, diabetes provides opportunities for individuals within a social network to (re)negotiate social responsibilities. In summary, diabetes provides unique resources to empower our participants to obtain voices that they otherwise would not have had.Yeshttps://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/manuscript-submission-guideline

Enhanced Growth and Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Osteoblast-Like Cells on Boron-Doped Nanocrystalline Diamond Thin Films

Intrinsic nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) films have been proven to be promising substrates for the adhesion, growth and osteogenic differentiation of bone-derived cells. To understand the role of various degrees of doping (semiconducting to metallic-like), the NCD films were deposited on silicon substrates by a microwave plasma-enhanced CVD process and their boron doping was achieved by adding trimethylboron to the CH4:H2 gas mixture, the B∶C ratio was 133, 1000 and 6700 ppm. The room temperature electrical resistivity of the films decreased from >10 MΩ (undoped films) to 55 kΩ, 0.6 kΩ, and 0.3 kΩ (doped films with 133, 1000 and 6700 ppm of B, respectively). The increase in the number of human osteoblast-like MG 63 cells in 7-day-old cultures on NCD films was most apparent on the NCD films doped with 133 and 1000 ppm of B (153,000±14,000 and 152,000±10,000 cells/cm2, respectively, compared to 113,000±10,000 cells/cm2 on undoped NCD films). As measured by ELISA per mg of total protein, the cells on NCD with 133 and 1000 ppm of B also contained the highest concentrations of collagen I and alkaline phosphatase, respectively. On the NCD films with 6700 ppm of B, the cells contained the highest concentration of focal adhesion protein vinculin, and the highest amount of collagen I was adsorbed. The concentration of osteocalcin also increased with increasing level of B doping. The cell viability on all tested NCD films was almost 100%. Measurements of the concentration of ICAM-1, i.e. an immunoglobuline adhesion molecule binding inflammatory cells, suggested that the cells on the NCD films did not undergo significant immune activation. Thus, the potential of NCD films for bone tissue regeneration can be further enhanced and tailored by B doping and that B doping up to metallic-like levels is not detrimental for cells

Carbon Nanotubes in Tissue Engineering

For their peculiar features carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are emerging in many areas of nanotechnology applications. CNT-based technology has been increasingly proposed for biomedical applications, to develop biomolecule nanocarriers, bionanosensors and smart material for tissue engineering purposes. In the following chapter this latter application will be explored, describing why CNTs can be considered an ideal material able to support and boost the growth and the proliferation of many kind of tissues