Completing the Picture: Soundness of Formal Encryption in the Presence of Active Adversaries

In this paper, we extend previous results relating the Dolev-Yao model and the computational model. We add the possibility to exchange keys and consider cryptographic primitives such as signature. This work can be applied to check protocols in the computational model by using automatic verification tools in the formal model. To obtain this result, we introduce a precise definition for security criteria which leads to a nice reduction theorem. The reduction theorem is of interest on its own as it seems to be a powerful tool for proving equivalences between security criteria. Also, the proof of this theorem uses original ideas that seem to be applicable in other situations

(De)Compositions of Cryptographic Schemes and their Applications to Protocols

The main result of this paper is that the Dolev-Yao model is a safe abstraction of the computational model for security protocols including those that combine asymmetric and symmetric encryption, signature and hashing

A neural substrate for negative affect dictates female parental behavior.

Parental behaviors secure the well-being of newborns and concomitantly limit negative affective states in adults, which emerge when coping with neonatal distress becomes challenging. Whether negative-affect-related neuronal circuits orchestrate parental actions is unknown. Here, we identify parental signatures in lateral habenula neurons receiving bed nucleus of stria terminalis innervation ( <sup>BNST</sup> LHb). We find that LHb neurons of virgin female mice increase their activity following pup distress vocalization and are necessary for pup-call-driven aversive behaviors. LHb activity rises during pup retrieval, a behavior worsened by LHb inactivation. Intersectional cell identification and transcriptional profiling associate <sup>BNST</sup> LHb cells to parenting and outline a gene expression in female virgins similar to that in mothers but different from that in non-parental virgin male mice. Finally, tracking and manipulating <sup>BNST</sup> LHb cell activity demonstrates their specificity for encoding negative affect and pup retrieval. Thus, a negative affect neural circuit processes newborn distress signals and may limit them by guiding female parenting