The Effect of Alpha Lipoic Acid in Preventing Atherosclerosis Lesion on the Abdominal Aorta of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Rats

Various studies have studied the clinical use of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) for treating diabetic complications. The protective effect of  lipoic acid in  atherosclerosis induced by diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM type 2)  still needs further study. This study was aimed to investigate the protective effect of ALA in atherosclerosis induced by DM type 2. Twenty one rats were divided into 3 groups: control, DM−treated and DM+ALA-treated group. Type-2 diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg) followed by nicotinamide (110 mg/kg). ALA was administered orally at a dose of 60 mg/kg body weight/day throughout the feeding period for three weeks. This study was an experimental study with post-test only with control method which was conducted at Biochemistry laboratory, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Riau from June-October 2016. This study showed that DM+ALA treated group  achieved lower atherosclerosis scores than DM-treated group and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant. In conclusion, alpha lipoic acid can prevent atherosclerosis lesions induced by diabetes

Identifikasi Bakteri Batang Gram Negatif Penghasil Extended Spectrum Β Lactamase (Esbl) Dari Ulkus Diabetikum Derajat I Dan II Waigner Di Bangsal Penyakit Dalam RSUD Arifin Achmad Provinsi Riau

Diabetic ulcers are open wound on the skin surface effect of neuropathy andvascular insufficiency that made the wound are often not felt by the patient , and candevelop into an infection caused by aerobic and anaerobic bacteria . Diabetic ulcersmedical patients are very susceptible infected with antibiotic-resistant bacteria likeESBL -producing bacteria. This descriptive study to detect Gram-negative bacillibacteria producing enzyme Extended spectrum beta - lactamase ( ESBL ) in diabeticulcers, are carried out using a double disc approximation Method ( DAM ) to thenumber of study subjects were 26 people with diabetic ulcers Wagner grade I and II .The results obtained ESBL producing bacteria as much as 16 samples ( 69.57 % )some of them were Citrobacter freundi , Enterobacter sp , Proteus sp , Klebsiella sprespectively – each of them are 3 isolates ( 18.75 % ) , and Pseudomonas sp ,Salmonella sp respectively – each of them are 2 isolates ( 12.5 %) .The results of theantibiotic sensitivity test showed that Gram-negative bacilli bacteria producing ESBLhave high sensitivity toward amikacin and meropenem as much as 16 samples ( 100% ) Antibiotics Betalaktam groups such as ampicillin, and third -generationcephalosporins such as cefotaxcime , ceftriaxone, and ceftazidime factually hadexperienced resistance 100% toward ESBL producing bacteria.Keywordrs : diabetic ulcers , Double disc aproximation Method ( DAM ) , Gram -negative bacilli bacteria , Extended spectrum beta - lactamase ( ESBL

Gambaran Kualitas Hidup Pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronik yang Menjalani Terapi Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis di RSUD Arifin Achmad Provinsi Riau dengan Menggunakan Kuesioner KDQOL-SFTM

Chronic renal failure is an end stage of renal disease that can be treated by dialysis, which one of them is Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD). CAPD is a dialysis technique uses peritoneal membrane as dialysis membrane that splits between dyalisate in peritoneal membrane with blood plasm in peritoneal vessels. CAPD as a theraphy for chronic renal failure patients can be examined by KDQOL-SFTM questionnaire to measures its effect on patients' quality of life. This research helds on purpose to get a representation of Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) patients' life quality. This is a descriptive method of research with cross sectional approachment and had implemented on February 2014. About 47 chronic renal failure patients have been undergoing CAPD therapy. Research results showed most of respondents is dominated by male respondents (59,57%). Results from respondent by age category indicated that category 18-44 years old and category 45-64 years old are relatively equal ini amount. Category by ethnic showed that most of respondents are Malay ethnic (31,91%). Respondents have been educated and got undergraduated and degree: D1/D2/D3/S1 (53,19%). Most of respondents have been married (93,61%) and work as a housewife, retired and unemployed (36,17%). CAPD has been used as theraphy for about 1-5 years by most respondents (72,34%). Most chronic renal failure patient who undergo CAPD therapy at RSUD Arifin Achmad Riau Province (76,59%) have hight value of quality of lif

Identifikasi Dan Resistensi Bakteri Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (Mrsa) Dari Ulkus Diabetikum Derajat I Dan II Wagner Di Bagian Penyakit Dalam RSUD Arifin Achmad

Diabetic ulcers is a chronic complications of diabetic mellitus which caused people treated in hospital about 80%. Patients with diabetic ulcers need more care and additional costs. It will be wretched if the infection caused by multidrugs resistant bacterials like Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). This research aimed to identified and understand the resistance of MRSA bacteria from Wagner grade I and II diabetic ulcers at department of Internal Medicine of RSUD Arifin Achmad. Samples were taken with a swab technique and then the bacteria were identified and further resistance test with Kirby-bauer disk diffusion method. This research reported about 6 samples (21,42%) from 28 grade I and II swabs diabetic ulcers are Staphylococcus aureus and 5 samples 83,33% from 6 samples Staphylococcus aureus were identified as MRSA. Antibiotics trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, chloramphenicol and gentamycin resistance test results had sensitivity 100% to MRSA bacteria. Followed by ofloxacin 60% and ciprofloxacin 40%

Selection and Characterization of a Nanobody Biosensor of GTP-Bound RHO Activities

RHO (Ras HOmologous) GTPases are molecular switches that activate, in their state bound to Guanosine triphosphate (GTP), key signaling pathways, which involve actin cytoskeleton dynamics. Previously, we selected the nanobody RH12, from a synthetic phage display library, which binds the GTP-bound active conformation of RHOA (Ras Homologous family member A). However, when expressed as an intracellular antibody, its blocking effect on RHO signaling led to a loss of actin fibers, which in turn affected cell shape and cell survival. Here, in order to engineer an intracellular biosensor of RHOA-GTP activation, we screened the same phage nanobody library and identified another RHO-GTP selective intracellular nanobody, but with no apparent toxicity. The recombinant RH57 nanobody displays high affinity towards GTP-bound RHOA/B/C subgroup of small GTPases in vitro. Intracellular expression of the RH57 allowed selective co-precipitation with the GTP-bound state of the endogenous RHOA subfamily. When expressed as a fluorescent fusion protein, the chromobody GFP-RH57 was localized to the inner plasma membrane upon stimulation of the activation of endogenous RHO. Finally, the RH57 nanobody was used to establish a BRET-based biosensor (Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer) of RHO activation. The dynamic range of the BRET signal could potentially offer new opportunities to develop cell-based screening of RHOA subfamily activation modulators.</jats:p

YeATSAM analysis of the walnut and chickpea transcriptome reveals key genes undetected by current annotation tools

Background: The transcriptome, a treasure trove of gene space information, remains severely under-used by current genome annotation methods.  Methods: Here, we present an annotation method in the YeATS suite (YeATSAM), based on information encoded by the transcriptome, that demonstrates artifacts of the assembler, which must be addressed to achieve proper annotation.  Results and Discussion: YeATSAM was applied to the transcriptome obtained from twenty walnut tissues and compared to MAKER-P annotation of the recently published walnut genome sequence (WGS). MAKER-P and YeATSAM both failed to annotate several hundred proteins found by the other. Although many of these unannotated proteins have repetitive sequences (possibly transposable elements), other crucial proteins were excluded by each method. An egg cell-secreted protein and a homer protein were undetected by YeATSAM, although these did not produce any transcripts. Importantly, MAKER-P failed to classify key photosynthesis-related proteins, which we show emanated from Trinity assembly artifacts potentially not handled by MAKER-P. Also, no proteins from the large berberine bridge enzyme (BBE) family were annotated by MAKER-P. BBE is implicated in biosynthesis of several alkaloids metabolites, like anti-microbial berberine. As further validation, YeATSAM identified ~1000 genes that are not annotated in the NCBI database by Gnomon. YeATSAM used a RNA-seq derived chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L.) transcriptome assembled using Newbler v2.3.  Conclusions: Since the current version of YeATSAM does not have an ab initio module, we suggest a combined annotation scheme using both MAKER-P and YeATSAM to comprehensively and accurately annotate the WGS