3,760 research outputs found
Hunting for Isocurvature Modes in the CMB non-Gaussianities
We investigate new shapes of local primordial non-Gaussianities in the CMB.
Allowing for a primordial isocurvature mode along with the main adiabatic one,
the angular bispectrum is in general a superposition of six distinct shapes:
the usual adiabatic term, a purely isocurvature component and four additional
components that arise from correlations between the adiabatic and isocurvature
modes. We present a class of early Universe models in which various hierarchies
between these six components can be obtained, while satisfying the present
upper bound on the isocurvature fraction in the power spectrum. Remarkably,
even with this constraint, detectable non-Gaussianity could be produced by
isocurvature modes. We finally discuss the prospects of detecting these new
shapes with the Planck satellite.Comment: 9 pages, 2 figure
âAnd sent him homeward tae think againâ: UCS, Edward Heath et la rĂ©surgence du militantisme Ă©cossais
On 29th July 1971, John Davies announced in the House of Commons the bankruptcy of Upper Clyde Shipbuilders, the shipyard that was the pride of Scottish industry. The Conservative Government of Edward Heath had been elected a year earlier on a platform of non-intervention in the industrial sector and had promised the end of state subsidies to âlame duckâ enterprises. The Government showed, at first, a resolute determination to stick to its free market policy, but on 28th February 1972, Davies informed the House that the Government would give ÂŁ35 million to the company to save jobs and avoid closing down the yards. Thus, the rescue of UCS decisively ended the Governmentâs policy of disengagement and marked the beginning of a remarkable turnaround.
On the other hand, this episode also sheds light on a very unusual industrial conflict which has now taken on an almost symbolic dimension, for it remains a unique and historical struggle to save an industry and a nation. Backed by the powerful and charismatic leadership of Jimmy Reid, a Communist shop steward, the workers of UCS contrived a new form of industrial action to resist governmental control: they established a work-in instead of a traditional strike. Scottish unions assumed a more radical and leftist-orientated dimension. With renewed influence, the Communists helped contribute to the successful outcome of the conflict and the capitulation of the Government. The resurgence of Scottish unions and the recovery of Scottish nationalism were significant first steps in the new political process, since, on the heels of the fight for UCS, a new struggle against unemployment and recession ensued. Indeed, the Governmentâs acquiescence does not merely represent a victory for the working class over the ruling class. It represents a victory for Scotland over England, and a humiliating defeat for Edward at the hands of the Scottish, and thus echoes one of Scotlandâs most glorious moments of history
Innovation processes and industrial districts
In this survey, we examine the operations of innovation processes within industrial districts by exploring the ways in which differentiation, specialization, and integration
affect the generation, diffusion, and use of new knowledge in such districts. We begin with an analysis of the importance of the division of labour and then investigate the effects of social embeddedness on innovation. We also consider the effect of forms of organization within industrial districts at various stages of product and process life, and we examine the negative aspects of embeddedness for innovation. We conclude with a discussion of the possible consequences of new information and
communications technologies on innovation in industrial districts
Edward Heath et la refus du thatchérisme
Le 11 fĂ©vrier 1975 Heath perdit lâĂ©lection au poste de chef du Parti Conservateur et cĂ©da sa place Ă Margaret Thatcher. Cette date marque le point dâancrage dâun processus de marginalisation volontaire au travers duquel Heath marqua son opposition Ă Thatcher et son refus du ThatchĂ©risme. Pendant les quinze ans de lâĂšre Thatcher, Heath endossa le rĂŽle du dissident rĂ©voltĂ© et devint selon John Campbell âthe embodiment of anti-Thatcherism.â Nous verrons Ă cette occasion que si son entreprise de dissidence suivit des mĂ©canismes classiques â nĂ©gation de lâautoritĂ© du leader, refus de sa lĂ©gitimitĂ©, critique systĂ©matique de son action â elle nâen offre pas moins un intĂ©ressant renversement des codes. Son entrĂ©e en dissidence fut bien plus quâune opposition Ă un adversaire politique, elle fut un moyen dâexistence et de renaissance. Le pouvoir a muselĂ© Heath, la dissidence lâa libĂ©rĂ©. Heath sâest posĂ© en sâopposant et sâest rĂ©vĂ©lĂ© en se rebellant. Son expĂ©rience de la dissidence offre ainsi un Ă©clairage original sur une notion trop souvent associĂ©e aux concepts dâoppression ou de clandestinitĂ©. Heath fut le seul vrai rĂ©sistant Ă Thatcher et il reste encore Ă ce jour dans le paysage politique britannique une figure essentielle de la dissidence et de la rĂ©bellion. Il sera intĂ©ressant de se pencher sur ses annĂ©es de rĂ©volte â encore peu Ă©tudiĂ©es Ă ce jour â et de voir comment il construisit son opposition Ă un leader que rien ne semblait atteindre et comment elle sâopĂ©ra Ă lâintĂ©rieur dâun parti connu pour ĂȘtre peu tolĂ©rant des actes de dissensions et de dĂ©loyautĂ©
- âŠ