Preparation and characterization of the Pyrrones as thermal structural materials

Development of technique for preparing foam materials to be used as thermal structural components in spacecraft constructio

The reaction of ethylcellulose with fatty acid and its application to the varnish industry : II. ethylcellulose in pencil lacquers.

Ethylcellulose was refluxed with Stearic, Oleic, Linseed Fatty acids, and a neutral Mineral Oil in the presence of a solvent. The products recovered were analyzed to determine if any possible reaction had taken place. Conditions for the reaction were carried out so that the temperatures obtained could be in the near range of varnish cooking, that is between 375 and 500°C. The I solvents used were diethylbenzene, boiling point 180oC and tetralin, boiling point 208oC. In each case approximate stoichiometric proportions of the fatty acids and ethylcellulose were used. These were refluxed to a sensible minimum viscosity of solution. The analysis of the product showed that reaction took place at the hydroxyl groups, the ethoxy groups and also at the oxygen bridge. There was also acid formed due to the breakdown of the ethyloellulose molecule. The amount of acid reacted at the various groups in the ethylcellulose molecule, as mentioned above, and the amount of acid product of decomposition, seem to depend on the type of acid used and its reactive power

The relationship between coaching behaviors and athletic injury

The present study sought to expand on past research by examining the relationship between coaching behaviors (i.e., controlling coaching and autonomy-supportive coaching) and athletic injury. One hundred Division I athletes were given a battery of questionnaires, in the form of a single Qualtrics survey to assess the relationship between coaching behaviors and athletic injury. Controlling coaching was found to be positively correlated to the presence of pain and certain perceived causes of injury, as well as negatively correlated to athletes discussing their injury with their coach and the coach being an influence in athletes’ decision to return to their sport. Autonomy-supportive coaching was shown to be positively correlated to athletes discussing their injury with their coach and one’s coach being an influence in their return to their sport. As such, this study supported past research in showing that autonomy-supportive coaching is related to more adaptive outcomes than controlling coaching behaviors. Therefore, it is recommended that coaches use autonomy-supportive coaching in order to enhance the psychological, as well as physical well-being of their athletes

Development and optimization of pyrrone polymers, June 1966 - June 1967

Development and optimization of pyrrone polymer

Nonmodal Growth of TravelingWaves on Blunt Cones at Hypersonic Speeds

The existing database of transition measurements in hypersonic ground facilities has established that, as the nosetip bluntness is increased, the onset of boundary layer transition over a circular cone at zero angle of attack shifts downstream. However, this trend is reversed at sufficiently large values of the nose Reynolds number, so that the transition onset location eventually moves upstream with a further increase in nose-tip bluntness. Because modal amplification is too weak to initiate transition at moderate-to-large bluntness values, nonmodal growth has been investigated as the potential basis for a physics-based model for the frustum transition. The present analysis investigates the nonmodal growth of traveling disturbances initiated within the nose-tip vicinity that peak within the entropy layer. Results show that, with increasing nose bluntness, both planar and oblique traveling disturbances experience appreciable energy amplification up to successively higher frequencies. For moderately blunt cones, the initial nonmmodal growth is followed by a partial decay that is more than overcome by an eventual, modal growth as Mack-mode waves. For larger bluntness values, the Mack-mode waves are not amplified anywhere upstream of the experimentally measured transition location, but the traveling modes still undergo a significant amount of nonmodal growth. This finding does not provide a definitive link between optimal growth and the onset of transition, but it is qualitatively consistent with the experimental observations that frustum transition in the absence of sufficient Mack-mode amplification implies a double peak in disturbance amplification and the appearance of transitional events above the boundary-layer edge

HIFiRE-1 Turbulent Shock Boundary Layer Interaction - Flight Data and Computations

The Hypersonic International Flight Research Experimentation (HIFiRE) program is a hypersonic flight test program executed by the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) and Australian Defence Science and Technology Organisation (DSTO). This flight contained a cylinder-flare induced shock boundary layer interaction (SBLI). Computations of the interaction were conducted for a number of times during the ascent. The DPLR code used for predictions was calibrated against ground test data prior to exercising the code at flight conditions. Generally, the computations predicted the upstream influence and interaction pressures very well. Plateau pressures on the cylinder were predicted well at all conditions. Although the experimental heat transfer showed a large amount of scatter, especially at low heating levels, the measured heat transfer agreed well with computations. The primary discrepancy between the experiment and computation occurred in the pressures measured on the flare during second stage burn. Measured pressures exhibited large overshoots late in the second stage burn, the mechanism of which is unknown. The good agreement between flight measurements and CFD helps validate the philosophy of calibrating CFD against ground test, prior to exercising it at flight conditions

How Common is Common?

Common Core Standards for English Language Arts and Literacy in History/Social Studies, Science, and Technical Subjects (National Governors Association Center for Best Practices, 2010) aims to develop students who are college and career ready in reading, writing, speaking, listening, and language. The standards also emphasize students\u27 need to understand other perspectives and cultures (p. 7). Appendix B of the document includes lists of exemplar texts (stories, read-aloud stories, poetry, and information texts) to help educators choose texts that meet the recommended qualities of complexity, quality, and range. This study examines the Appendix B stories and read-aloud stories at the K-5 levels for diversity in regard to publication year, genre, setting, and protagonist characteristics, including gender and racial and ethnic diversity. Inclusion of diverse texts enables the development of critical literacy skills so that students can consider multiple points of view and other\u27s\u27 differences