1,293 research outputs found

    Avaliação do melhoramento de terra estabilizada com cimento e activadores

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    A terra é uma matéria-prima abundante, com bom comportamento térmico, reciclável e reutilizável, incombustível, não tóxica e sem necessidade de processos de transformação dispendiosos, o que permite eleger este material como uma das alternativas para a construção sustentável. As limitações da terra, enquanto material de construção, em particular o seu comportamento mecânico e a sua susceptibilidade na presença da água, podem ser minimizadas através de processos de estabilização de solos. Este trabalho descreve os resultados de estudos laboratoriais destinados a avaliar os efeitos da utilização do cimento nas propriedades mecânicas e de durabilidade de solos residuais graníticos. As propriedades mecânicas foram avaliadas através de ensaios à compressão simples e à tracção por compressão diametral, enquanto que o desempenho relativamente à durabilidade, foi estudado através de ensaios de absorção de água por capilaridade, ensaios de molhagem-secagem e de gelo-degelo. Foi também avaliado o efeito da saturação na resistência à compressão simples. Foram utilizadas percentagens de 6 e 10% de cimento relativamente à massa de solo seco. O efeito de activadores de baixo custo no solo estabilizado também foi considerado, de modo a tornar o material mais atractivo do ponto de vista económico e de desempenho. Os activadores usados foram: cloreto de sódio, cloreto de cálcio e hidróxido de sódio. O efeito da utilização de activadores foi avaliado no solo estabilizado com 6 % de cimento. Os resultados dos trabalhos experimentais indicam que o cimento aumenta substancialmente o desempenho do solo, enquanto que alguns dos activadores melhoram significativamente algumas das propriedades estudadas no solo estabilizado com cimento. Pode-se portanto concluir, que o uso de alguns activadores de baixo custo pode resultar numa redução significativa no consumo de cimento. Estes resultados podem conduzir a um melhoramento do desempenho e a efeitos ambientais positivos ao mesmo tempo que os custos sofrem uma redução

    Partially Blind Domain Adaptation for Age Prediction from {DNA} Methylation Data

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    Over the last years, huge resources of biological and medical data have become available for research. This data offers great chances for machine learning applications in health care, e.g. for precision medicine, but is also challenging to analyze. Typical challenges include a large number of possibly correlated features and heterogeneity in the data. One flourishing field of biological research in which this is relevant is epigenetics. Here, especially large amounts of DNA methylation data have emerged. This epigenetic mark has been used to predict a donor's 'epigenetic age' and increased epigenetic aging has been linked to lifestyle and disease history. In this paper we propose an adaptive model which performs feature selection for each test sample individually based on the distribution of the input data. The method can be seen as partially blind domain adaptation. We apply the model to the problem of age prediction based on DNA methylation data from a variety of tissues, and compare it to a standard model, which does not take heterogeneity into account. The standard approach has particularly bad performance on one tissue type on which we show substantial improvement with our new adaptive approach even though no samples of that tissue were part of the training data

    Unstable Disk Galaxies. I. Modal Properties

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    I utilize the Petrov-Galerkin formulation and develop a new method for solving the unsteady collisionless Boltzmann equation in both the linear and nonlinear regimes. In the first order approximation, the method reduces to a linear eigenvalue problem which is solved using standard numerical methods. I apply the method to the dynamics of a model stellar disk which is embedded in the field of a soft-centered logarithmic potential. The outcome is the full spectrum of eigenfrequencies and their conjugate normal modes for prescribed azimuthal wavenumbers. The results show that the fundamental bar mode is isolated in the frequency space while spiral modes belong to discrete families that bifurcate from the continuous family of van Kampen modes. The population of spiral modes in the bifurcating family increases by cooling the disk and declines by increasing the fraction of dark to luminous matter. It is shown that the variety of unstable modes is controlled by the shape of the dark matter density profile.Comment: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journa

    Star Formation in the vicinity of Nuclear Black Holes: Young Stellar Objects close to Sgr A*

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    It is often assumed that the strong gravitational field of a super-massive black hole disrupts an adjacent molecular cloud preventing classical star formation in the deep potential well of the black hole. Yet, young stars have been observed across the entire nuclear star cluster of the Milky Way including the region close (<<0.5~pc) to the central black hole, Sgr A*. Here, we focus particularly on small groups of young stars, such as IRS 13N located 0.1 pc away from Sgr A*, which is suggested to contain about five embedded massive young stellar objects (<<1 Myr). We perform three dimensional hydrodynamical simulations to follow the evolution of molecular clumps orbiting about a 4×106 M4\times10^6~M_{\odot} black hole, to constrain the formation and the physical conditions of such groups. The molecular clumps in our models assumed to be isothermal containing 100 MM_{\odot} in <<0.2 pc radius. Such molecular clumps exist in the circumnuclear disk of the Galaxy. In our highly eccentrically orbiting clump, the strong orbital compression of the clump along the orbital radius vector and perpendicular to the orbital plane causes the gas densities to increase to values higher than the tidal density of Sgr A*, which are required for star formation. Additionally, we speculate that the infrared excess source G2/DSO approaching Sgr A* on a highly eccentric orbit could be associated with a dust enshrouded star that may have been formed recently through the mechanism supported by our models.Comment: 18 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA

    Gestão de resíduos de construção e demolição

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    Esta comunicação apresenta um estudo de gestão dos resíduos de construção e demolição na Zona Norte de Portugal. Para além da recolha de dados em documentos existentes foram feitos inquéritos e visitas às entidades que produzem e lidam com os RC&D, de forma a serem definidos aspectos como quantidades, tipos de materiais, e destinos finais dos resíduos

    Predicting mechanical properties of enhanced performance concrete using compressive strength

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    Mechanical properties of concrete are usually evaluated from compressive strength test results. Extensive literature, codes and regulations recommend the prediction of mechanical properties such as splitting and flexural tensile strength using the compressive strength of cylindrical specimens. These expressions are not related with the type of concrete and, generally, are only a function of the cylindrical compressive strength. It is the objective of this research work to investigate the validity of the existing relationships for enhanced performance concrete, obtained by replacing cement with fly ash for up to 60% in weight. The experimental program investigated the effect of replacing cement with fly ash on the mechanical properties, i.e. compressive strength, splitting-tensile strength and flexural-tensile behaviour. Results obtained show that, in most cases, a good linear correlation exists between the evaluated mechanical properties, i.e. splitting-tensile strength, flexural-tensile strength and elasticity modulus in flexure, and the square root of compressive strength. This further indicates that an increase in the compressive strength produces a less pronounced increase of the tensile strength

    Scale-free equilibria of self-gravitating gaseous disks with flat rotation curves

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    We introduce exact analytical solutions of the steady-state hydrodynamic equations of scale-free, self-gravitating gaseous disks with flat rotation curves. We express the velocity field in terms of a stream function and obtain a third-order ordinary differential equation (ODE) for the angular part of the stream function. We present the closed-form solutions of the obtained ODE and construct hydrodynamical counterparts of the power-law and elliptic disks, for which self-consistent stellar dynamical models are known. We show that the kinematics of the Large Magellanic Cloud can well be explained by our findings for scale-free elliptic disks.Comment: AAS preprint format, 21 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journa

    Viabilidade económica de uma central de tratamento de resíduos de construção e demolição

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    Comunicação apresentada no Encontro Novas Problemáticas para Gestão dos Resíduos, Beja, Dezembro de 2004.Nesta comunicação apresenta-se um estudo económico e de viabilidade duma central de reciclagem de resíduos de construção e demolição (RCD) a ser implantada na Zona Norte de Portugal. Começa-se por fazer a definição da central incluindo implantação e funcionamento interno para produção de agregados de reciclagem para utilização na construção civil. Depois, com base em vários cenários considerados, faz-se a avaliação económica e o estudo de viabilidade da central
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