The Effects of Different Pressure Pneumoperitoneum on the Pulmonary Mechanics and Surgical Satisfaction in the Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Objectives. Inspiratory, hemodynamic and metabolic changes occur in laparoscopic surgery depending on pneumoperitoneum and patient position. This study aims to evaluate the effects of intra-abdominal pressure increase based on CO2 pneumoperitoneum in laparoscopic operations on hemodynamic parameters and respiratory dynamics and satisfaction of surgeon and operative view.Materials and Methods. A total of 116 consecutive, prospective, ASA class I–III cases aged 18–70 years undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were enrolled in this study. Data of 104 patients were analysed. Patients were divided into two groups as the group Low Pressure (<12 mmHg) (Group LP) (n=53) and the group Standard Pressure (>13 mmHg) (Group SP) (n=51). In this study administration of general anesthesia used total intravenous anaesthesia in both groups. All groups had standard and TOF monitorization applied. The anaesthesia methods used in both groups were recorded. Before, during and after peritoneal insufflation, the peroperative ventilation parameters and hemodynamic parameters were recorded. The adequacy of pneumoperitoneum, gastric and the operative view were evaluated by the operating surgeon and recorded.Results. The peripheral oxygen saturation showed no significant difference between the low and standard pressure pneumoperitoneum in view of tidal volume, respiratory rate, end tidal CO2, mean and peak inspiratory pressure, and minute ventilation values. In terms of hemodynamics, when values just after intubation and before extubation were compared, it was observed that in the LP group systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure values were higher. In terms of heart rate, no significant difference was observed in determined periods between groups. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of surgical satisfaction and vision.Conclusion. Low pressure pneumoperitoneum provides effective respiratory mechanics and stable hemodynamics for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. It also provides the surgeon with sufficient space for hand manipulations. Anaesthetic method, TIVA and neuromuscular blockage provided good surgery vision with low pressure pneumoperitoneum

Влияние пневмоперитонеума под различным давлением на показатели легочной механики и удовлетворенность хирурга при лапароскопической холецистэктомии

Objectives. Inspiratory, hemodynamic and metabolic changes occur in laparoscopic surgery depending on pneumoperitoneum and patient position. This study aims to evaluate the effects of intra-abdominal pressure increase based on CO2 pneumoperitoneum in laparoscopic operations on hemodynamic parameters and respiratory dynamics and satisfaction of surgeon and operative view.Materials and Methods. A total of 116 consecutive, prospective, ASA class I–III cases aged 18–70 years undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were enrolled in this study. Data of 104 patients were analysed. Patients were divided into two groups as the group Low Pressure (<12 mmHg) (Group LP) (n=53) and the group Standard Pressure (>13 mmHg) (Group SP) (n=51). In this study administration of general anesthesia used total intravenous anaesthesia in both groups. All groups had standard and TOF monitorization applied. The anaesthesia methods used in both groups were recorded. Before, during and after peritoneal insufflation, the peroperative ventilation parameters and hemodynamic parameters were recorded. The adequacy of pneumoperitoneum, gastric and the operative view were evaluated by the operating surgeon and recorded.Results. The peripheral oxygen saturation showed no significant difference between the low and standard pressure pneumoperitoneum in view of tidal volume, respiratory rate, end tidal CO2, mean and peak inspiratory pressure, and minute ventilation values. In terms of hemodynamics, when values just after intubation and before extubation were compared, it was observed that in the LP group systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure values were higher. In terms of heart rate, no significant difference was observed in determined periods between groups. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of surgical satisfaction and vision.Conclusion. Low pressure pneumoperitoneum provides effective respiratory mechanics and stable hemodynamics for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. It also provides the surgeon with sufficient space for hand manipulations. Anaesthetic method, TIVA and neuromuscular blockage provided good surgery vision with low pressure pneumoperitoneum.При лапароскопической хирургии в зависимости от объема пневмоперитонеума и положения пациента происходят изменения дыхания, гемодинамики и метаболизма.Цель исследования — оценить влияние повышения внутрибрюшного давления на основе пневмоперитонеума с применением CO2 при лапароскопических операциях на гемодинамические и дыхательные параметры, а также удовлетворенность хирурга и обзор операционного поля.Материалы и методы. В данное проспективное исследование включили 116 пациентов I–III класса ASA в возрасте 18–70 лет, перенесших лапароскопическую холецистэктомию. Проанализировали данные 104 пациентов. Пациентов разделили на две группы: группу низкого давления (<12 мм рт. ст., НД), n=53, и группу стандартного давления (>13 мм рт. ст., СД), n=51. В качестве метода обезболивания в обеих группах применяли тотальную внутривенную анестезию. Во всех группах использовали стандартный и TOF-мониторинг. Используемые методы анестезии в обеих группах документировали. До, во время и после инсуффляции газа в брюшную полость регистрировали параметры вентиляции и гемодинамические показатели. Адекватность пневмоперитонеума, обзор органов ЖКТ и операционного поля оценивал и регистрировал оперирующий хирург.Результаты. Значимых различий в насыщении кислородом периферической крови между группами НД и СД не выявили, с учетом дыхательного объема, частоты дыхательных движений, содержания СО2 в конце выдоха, среднего и пикового инспираторного давления, а также минутной вентиляции. При сравнении гемодинамических показателей, сразу после интубации и перед экстубацией трахеи отметили, что в группе НД значения систолического, диастолического и среднего артериального давления были выше. Значимых различий в частоте сердечных сокращений в исследуемые периоды между группами не наблюдали. Не отмечали и значимых различий между группами с точки зрения удовлетворенности хирургическим вмешательством и обзором операционного поля.Заключение. Пневмоперитонеум с низким давлением обеспечивает эффективную механику дыхания и стабильную гемодинамику при лапароскопической холецистэктомии. Кроме того, подобный пневмоперитонеум обеспечивает хирургу достаточное пространство для манипуляций. Анестезиологическое пособие (общая внутривенная анестезия в сочетании с нервно-мышечной блокадой) при использовании пневмоперитонеума с низким давлением обеспечивает хорошую визуализацию операционного поля

The Effects of Different Pressure Pneumoperitoneum on the Pulmonary Mechanics and Surgical Satisfaction in the Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Objectives. Inspiratory, hemodynamic and metabolic changes occur in laparoscopic surgery depending on pneumoperitoneum and patient position. This study aims to evaluate the effects of intra-abdominal pressure increase based on CO2 pneumoperitoneum in laparoscopic operations on hemodynamic parameters and respiratory dynamics and satisfaction of surgeon and operative view. Materials and Methods. A total of 116 consecutive, prospective, ASA class I–III cases aged 18–70 years undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were enrolled in this study. Data of 104 patients were analysed. Patients were divided into two groups as the group Low Pressure (<12 mmHg) (Group LP) (n=53) and the group Standard Pressure (>13 mmHg) (Group SP) (n=51). In this study administration of general anesthesia used total intravenous anaesthesia in both groups. All groups had standard and TOF monitorization applied. The anaesthesia methods used in both groups were recorded. Before, during and after peritoneal insufflation, the peroperative ventilation parameters and hemodynamic parameters were recorded. The adequacy of pneumoperitoneum, gastric and the operative view were evaluated by the operating surgeon and recorded. Results. The peripheral oxygen saturation showed no significant difference between the low and standard pressure pneumoperitoneum in view of tidal volume, respiratory rate, end tidal CO2, mean and peak inspiratory pressure, and minute ventilation values. In terms of hemodynamics, when values just after intubation and before extubation were compared, it was observed that in the LP group systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure values were higher. In terms of heart rate, no significant difference was observed in determined periods between groups. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of surgical satisfaction and vision. Conclusion. Low pressure pneumoperitoneum provides effective respiratory mechanics and stable hemodynamics for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. It also provides the surgeon with sufficient space for hand manipulations. Anaesthetic method, TIVA and neuromuscular blockage provided good surgery vision with low pressure pneumoperitoneum. © 2021, V.A. Negovsky Research Institute of General Reanimatology. All rights reserved

Comparison of sedation requirements for cataract surgery under topical anesthesia or retrobulbar block

PURPOSE. Topical anesthesia is increasingly being used for cataract surgery. However, it is believed that topical anesthesia causes an increased risk of intraoperative complications from unrestricted eye movement and insufficient pain control and more need for sedation. It is difficult to compare pain and anxiety experienced by individual patients; therefore, the authors used the method of patient-controlled sedation to determine whether there is a difference in sedation requirements under topical or retrobulbar anesthesia