Parameter estimation of GOES precipitation index at different calibration timescales

We examined two techniques that adjust the parameters of the GOES Precipitation Index (GPI) by combining the polar microwave and the geosynchronous infrared observations at three frequencies: daily, pentad, and monthly. The first technique is the adjusted GPI (AGPI), and the second is the universally adjusted GPI (UAGPI). The study shows that rainfall estimates can be improved by frequent calibrations providing there is sufficient superior (microwave) rainfall sampling within the calibration time and space domain. For this work, daily and pentad calibrations produce monthly rainfall estimates almost as good as monthly calibration. The daily calibration produced better daily rainfall estimates than pentad and monthly calibration, but it generates similar pentad rainfall estimates to these of the pentad calibration. The monthly calibrated scheme is not suitable for the daily and pentad rainfall estimates. Under the current twice-per-day sampling rate of polar-orbiting microwave observations, the pentad calibration scheme is suggested for the monthly, pentad, and daily rainfall. The potentials of applying the UAGPI and the AGPI techniques for daily rainfall estimation are also investigated. Copyright 2000 by the American Geophysical Union

Inertia and chiral edge modes of a skyrmion magnetic bubble

The dynamics of a vortex in a thin-film ferromagnet resembles the motion of a charged massless particle in a uniform magnetic field. Similar dynamics is expected for other magnetic textures with a nonzero skyrmion number. However, recent numerical simulations revealed that skyrmion magnetic bubbles show significant deviations from this model. We show that a skyrmion bubble possesses inertia and derive its mass from the standard theory of a thin-film ferromagnet. Besides center-of-mass motion, other low energy modes are waves on the edge of the bubble traveling with different speeds in opposite directions.Comment: updated simulation detail

Pengaruh Kepemilikan Perusahaan dan Manajemen Laba terhadap Tipe Auditor dan Audit Fees pada Perusahaan Manufaktur di Bursa Efek Indonesia

This study aims to examine the impact of firm ownership type and earning management to the auditor relationship in manufacturing companies. Firm ownership type in this paper was divided into two; stated-owned and private-owned; earnings management was measured by discretionary accruals using the Modified Jones Model. Auditor relationships referred to in this paper is the type of auditor and audit fees. Auditor is classified into two types, domestic auditor and foreign auditor. An audit fee was measured by natural logarithm professional fees contained in the financial statements. Using professional fees as proxy for audit fees because in Indonesia still few company disclose their audit feeson their financial statements. Population of this paper is a manufacturing company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) period of 2011. Total sample is 85 firms. The hypotheses in this study were tested by logistic regression analysis and multiple regressions.The results of this study indicate that the firm ownership type by the state or private ownership does not affect the probability and magnitude of auditor election audit fees. Research also shows that a higher of earnings management does not affect the probability of selection auditor. While the level of earnings management affects the amount of audit fees paid

Menghitung Ketepatan Jawaban Soal Ujian Essay dengan Penerapan Algoritma Boyer-Moore

Pendidikan memegang peranan penting dalam mempersiapkan mahasiswanya menjadi sumber daya manusia yang berkualitas. Untuk mengukur prestasi belajar seorang mahasiswa perlu dilakukan sebuah tes atau ujian untuk menguji setiap mata kuliah yang telah dilakukan pada saat proses belajar mengajar. Jenis tes pun ada beberapa macam, seperti tes tertulis, tes lisan, dan tes praktek. Pada tes tertulis pun terdapat beberapa jenis soal, salah satunya adalah soal berbentuk essay. Soal essay adalah soal dimana mahasiswa harus menjawab soal dengan kalimat yang diingat atau dibuat sendiri, hal tersebut membuat kemungkinan munculnya jawaban dengan variasi yang banyak sangat tinggi, hal ini membuat dosen membutuhkan waktu dan tenaga yang banyak. Diperlukannya sebuah sistem yang bisa digunakan oleh dosen untuk mengetahui ketepatan jawaban soal essay. Algoritma Boyer-Moore adalah algoritma yang digunakan untuk pencarian string dengan pola pencarian dari kanan ke kiri, Algoritma Boyer-Moore dianggap sebagai algoritma pencocokan string yang paling efisien dalam aplikasi-aplikasi yang biasa digunakan, seperti aplikasi text editor untuk fungsi “search” dan “subtitute”. Penelitian ini menerapkan algoritma Boyer-Moore untuk mencari kunci jawaban yang dosen anggap benar pada jawaban mahasiswa dengan cara dosen menginputkan kunci jawaban secara utuh lalu akan dipecah menjadi perkata dan dosen memberi poin pada setiap kata untuk dihitung sebagai nilai. Mahasiswa hanya perlu menginputkan jawaban yang dianggap benar dan algoritma Boyer-Moore akan mencari kunci jawaban yang diinputkan oleh dosen pada jawaban mahasiswa. Output yang dihasilkan akan berupa persentase ketepatan per soal dan nilai seluruh mahasiswa yang mengikuti mata kuliah. Hasil dari kuesioner yang disebarkan kepada dosen dan ahli sistem menunjukkan hasil sangat layak pada kedua responden

Analisis Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Respon Konsumen pada Produk Mie Instan Indofood di Hypermarket Giant Panam Pekanbaru

The ritels Development modern to give it more many choices expensy place for consumer. Besides minimarket and supermarket, hypermarket is one of ritels type modern who be loved because some its superiorities. From various the stuff that to be traded, Noodle product Instan Indofood is one of food product that can be bought in Giant hypermarket. Quality, quality also product kontinuitas availableness Instan Indofood Noodle is important matter in his management. his Operation with optimal cost, is important step for management side hypermarket to to reach effectivity also .Aim from research this is to to know the factors that to influence response to Noodle Product Instan Indofood Giant Hypermarket Pekanbaru.As for this research is done in giant Hypermarket panam pekanbaru , whereas research object is noodle product instan Indofood that in pasrkan in giant hypermarket pekanbaru.From writer research result to conlude it from fourth research variable according to entirely be told good, from reaction responden tell that instans noodle is to be liked by all circleGiant Hypermarket Pekanbaru Panam to be suggested to arrest it quality and volume /noodle content instan Indofood.key Word: Marketing, Ritel , Consumers Respons

Evaluasi Kinerja Mobil Penumpang Trayek Cabang yang Menghubungkan Kawasan PinggiranDengan Pusat Kota Semarang

Dewasa ini perkembangan transportasi di Indonesia sangatlah pesat dalam melayani perkembangan ekonomi dan melayani kepentingan masyarakat.Kebutuhan masyarakat dalam melakukan aktivitas sehari-hari atau melakukan perjalanan dari satu tempat ke tempat lain (origin – destination Travel), maka disediakannya berbagai pilihan moda transportasi yang efektif dan efisien dalam meningkatkan mobilitas masyarakat baik transportasi darat, laut maupun udara. Hal ini juga terjadi pada kota-kota di Indonesia salah satunya Kota Semarang yang merupakan pusat pemerintahan, pendidikan, perdagangan dan jasa, industri, dan pelayanan bagi Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Untuk memenuhi kegiatan tersebut pemerintah Kota Semarang menyediakan transportasi perkotaan yang dibagi menjadi lima koridor utama yang menghubungkan titik-titik permukiman menuju pusat kota. Adapun Research Question dalam penelitian iniyaitu untuk mengetahui apakah angkutan umum yang disediakan oleh pemerintah sudah berjalan optimal dan mampu memikat masyarakat untuk menggunakan moda transportasi. Penelitian ini bermanfaat bagi pemerintah untuk memberi tahu seberapa besar tingkat pelayanan transportasi umum,agar pemerintah berperan lebih baik dalam mengatur dan menyediakan angkutan umum perkotaan. Untuk mencapai tujuan penelitian tersebut maka dilakukan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif berdasarkan data hasil survey statis dan dinamis terhadap kinerja angkutan umum di pinggiran kota semarang

Gerusan Lokal di Sekitar Pilar Jembatan Bentuk Oblong dengan Material Dasar Sungai Kampar

Local scours that occur continuously will cause damage to the pillars of the bridge that can endanger the stability of the bridge structure. Laboratory model has been developed to identify the phenomena of local scour on the oblong pillar with and without pillar protector. Kampar sand with grain size d35 = 0,285 mm, d50 = 0,330 mm and d65 = 0,380 mm and Gs = 2,63 is used in the bed of flume model. Three variations of flow used in this research is classified on the type of subcritical flow with Froude number ranged from 0,46354 – 0,76903. Reynolds number in Fr1 scored 1658,416 (transitional flow), Fr2 scored 3081,683 and Fr3 scored 4381,188 then included in the turbulent flow. The results of the data analysis showed base granular moves in each test Froude value shown in the diagram Shields. Hjulstorm graphic also shows that the granules of gradation used in this research in moving zone. Hydrodynamic flow on the pillars of the downflow lead and create horsehoe vortex at the base of the pillar which eroded material around the pillar . Scour that occurs started having equilibrium at minute 75 . The maximum ratio of scour depth (ds/b) is 0,44 which occurs in Q3PL .Pillar protector of curtain type can reduce scour depths up to 28,57%. Sediment transport analysis results proved that the higher the Froude number is used, the bigger the granules are transported