39 research outputs found
Reactive oxygen species and male reproductive hormones
Reports of the increasing incidence of male infertility paired with decreasing semen quality have triggered studies
on the effects of lifestyle and environmental factors on the male reproductive potential. There are numerous exogenous
and endogenous factors that are able to induce excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) beyond that of
cellular antioxidant capacity, thus causing oxidative stress. In turn, oxidative stress negatively affects male reproductive
functions and may induce infertility either directly or indirectly by affecting the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG)
axis and/or disrupting its crosstalk with other hormonal axes. This review discusses the important exogenous and
endogenous factors leading to the generation of ROS in different parts of the male reproductive tract. It also highlights
the negative impact of oxidative stress on the regulation and cross-talk between the reproductive hormones. It further
describes the mechanism of ROS-induced derangement of male reproductive hormonal profiles that could ultimately
lead to male infertility. An understanding of the disruptive effects of ROS on male reproductive hormones would
encourage further investigations directed towards the prevention of ROS-mediated hormonal imbalances, which in turn
could help in the management of male infertility
The Terminal Segment of the Seminiferous Tubules and the Blood-Testis Barrier Before and After Efferent Ductule Ligation in the Rat
Fine Structure of the Sertoli Cells of the Rat Testis in Experimental Unilateral Cryptorchidism
Insulin-like growth factor I response during nutritional rehabilitation of persistent diarrhoea
OBJECTIVE—Evaluation of nutritional recovery, intestinal permeability, and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) response in malnourished children with persistent diarrhoea and their relation to concomitant systemic infection(s).
STUDY DESIGN—Open study of severely malnourished children (aged 6-36 months) with persistent diarrhoea (⩾ 14 days) admitted for nutritional rehabilitation with a standardised rice-lentil and yogurt diet. Successful recovery was defined prospectively as overall weight gain (> 5 g/kg/day) with a reduction in stool output by day 7of treatment. Data on coexisting infections and serum C reactive protein (CRP) were collected at admission.
RESULTS—Of 63 children, 48 (group A) recovered within seven days of dietary treatment. These children had a significant increase in serum IGF-I (ΔIGF-I%) and, in contrast to serum prealbumin and retinol binding protein, ΔIGF-I% correlated with weight gain (r = 0.41). There was no correlation between the IGF-I response and intestinal permeability as assessed by urinary lactulose/rhamnose excretion. Treatment failures (group B) included more children with clinical (relative risk, 4.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.2to 19.7) and culture proven sepsis at admission and higher concentrations of serum CRP (median (range), 36 (0−182) v 10 (0−240) mg/l) at admission. There was a negative correlation between admission CRP concentration and ΔIGF-I% (r = −0.45).
CONCLUSIONS—In comparison with serum albumin, prealbumin, and retinol binding protein, serum IGF-I increment is a better marker of nutritional recovery in malnourished children with persistent diarrhoea. The possible association of systemic infections, serum IGF-I response, and mucosal recovery needs evaluation in future studies.
Early morphological changes in the abdominal testes in immature unilaterally cryptorchid rats
Studies on the scrotal testis in unilateral experimental cryptorchidism in rat and guinea pig
Growth hormone treatment in Aarskog syndrome: Analysis of the KIGS (Pharmacia International Growth Database) data
Aarskog syndrome is an X-linked disorder characterized by faciogenital dysplasia and short stature. The present study set out to determine the effect of growth hormone (GH) therapy in patients with Aarskog syndrome enrolled in KIGS - the Pharmacia International Growth Database.. Twenty-one patients (20 males) were evaluated. Median age at start of treatment was 8.3 years (10-90(th) percentiles, 5.1-14.1 years) and median height SDS was -2.8 (10-90(th) percentiles, -2.1 to -3.7). The median dose of GH was 0.22 mg/kg/week (10-90(th) percentiles, 0.15-0.30 mg/kg/week) given at a median frequency of six (4-7) times per week. Prepubertal patients were followed longitudinally for 1 year (n = 13) or 3 years (n = 7). After 1 year, the median height SDS had improved from -2.8 to -2.3 in 13 patients. After 3 years, height SDS had improved significantly (p <0.05) to -1.8 (10-90(th) percentiles, -2.1 to -1.1) in the seven patients. No adverse events were noted. Although final height data for these patients are still awaited, the present results support the use of GH to promote growth in children with Aarskog syndrome
Growth hormone treatment in aarskog syndrome: analysis of the KIGS (Pharmacia International Growth Database) data.
Aarskog syndrome is an X-linked disorder characterized by faciogenital dysplasia and short stature. The present study set out to determine the effect of growth hormone (GH) therapy in patients with Aarskog syndrome enrolled in KIGS--the Pharmacia International Growth Database. Twenty-one patients (20 males) were evaluated. Median age at start of treatment was 8.3 years (10-90th percentiles, 5.1-14.1 years) and median height SDS was -2.8 (10-90th percentiles, -2.1 to -3.7). The median dose of GH was 0.22 mg/kg/week (10-90th percentiles, 0.15-0.30 mg/kg/week) given at a median frequency of six (4-7) times per week. Prepubertal patients were followed longitudinally for 1 year (n = 13) or 3 years (n = 7). After 1 year, the median height SDS had improved from -2.8 to -2.3 in 13 patients. After 3 years, height SDS had improved significantly (p <0.05) to -1.8 (10-90th percentiles, -2.1 to -1.1) in the seven patients. No adverse events were noted. Although final height data for these patients are still awaited, the present results support the use of GH to promote growth in children with Aarskog syndrome