Prediction of 24-hour milk yield and composition in dairy cows from a single part-day yield and sample

peer-reviewedTeagasc PublicationIrish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research | Volume 58: Issue 1 Prediction of 24-hour milk yield and composition in dairy cows from a single part-day yield and sample S. McParlandemail , B. Coughlan , B. Enright , M. O’Keeffe , R. O’Connor , L. Feeney and D.P. Berry DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ijafr-2019-0007 | Published online: 09 Aug 2019 PDF Abstract Article PDF References Recommendations Abstract The objective was to evaluate the accuracy of predicting 24-hour milk yield and composition from a single morning (AM) or evening (PM) milk weight and composition. A calibration dataset of 37,481 test-day records with both AM and PM yields and composition was used to generate the prediction equations; equations were validated using 4,644 test-day records. Prediction models were developed within stage of lactation and parity while accounting for the inter-milking time interval. The mean correlation between the predicted 24-hour yields and composition of milk, fat and protein and the respective actual values was 0.97 when based on just an AM milk yield and composition with a mean correlation of 0.95 when based on just a PM milk yield and composition. The regression of predicted 24-hour yield and composition on the respective actual values varied from 0.97 to 1.01 with the exception of 24-hour fat percentage predicted from a PM sample (1.06). A single AM sample is useful to predict 24-hour milk yield and composition when the milking interval is known

New frontiers in international strategy

This paper is based on a panel we organized at the "First Annual Conference on Emerging Research Frontiers in International Business Studies", organized by the Journal of International Business Studies (JIBS), to discuss several new lines of research in international strategy. Four lines of research are developed: The strategic implications of semiglobalization, the impact of institutional voids in international strategy, primitives and levels of analysis in international business, and strategies for the base of the pyramid. Taken together, these studies aim to open a new frontier in our understanding of International Strategy, based on the co-location of firms as places and a key element in international business.international business; semiglobalization; internal strategy; base pyramid; institutions; competitiveness;

Toward Comprehensive Refugee Legislation in Hong Kong? Reflections on Reform of the 'Torture Screening' Procedures

Commentpublished_or_final_versio

Defining forgiveness: Christian clergy and general population perspectives.

The lack of any consensual definition of forgiveness is a serious weakness in the research literature (McCullough, Pargament &amp; Thoresen, 2000). As forgiveness is at the core of Christianity, this study returns to the Christian source of the concept to explore the meaning of forgiveness for practicing Christian clergy. Comparisons are made with a general population sample and social science definitions of forgiveness to ensure that a shared meaning of forgiveness is articulated. Anglican and Roman Catholic clergy (N = 209) and a general population sample (N = 159) completed a postal questionnaire about forgiveness. There is agreement on the existence of individual differences in forgiveness. Clergy and the general population perceive reconciliation as necessary for forgiveness while there is no consensus within psychology. The clergy suggests that forgiveness is limitless and that repentance is unnecessary while the general population suggests that there are limits and that repentance is necessary. Psychological definitions do not conceptualize repentance as necessary for forgiveness and the question of limits has not been addressed although within therapy the implicit assumption is that forgiveness is limitless.</p

Migration potential as a new predictor of long-distance dispersal rate for plants

How biotic and abiotic factors interact to shape the overall pattern of dispersal of propagules is critical in understanding the evolution of dispersal mechanisms as well as predicting dispersal rates between patchily-distributed habitats. But which plant traits, demographic and/or habitat factors best predict the capacity for dispersal? We introduce the concept of migration potential (v), a readily interpretable parameter that combines recruitment efficiency (recruits per adult / seeds per adult per dispersal cycle) with level of habitat occupancy for predicting effective long-distance dispersal (LDD) of seeds. Using our empirical (genotype assignment) estimates of LDD and statistics on life-history traits and demographic features for contrasting co-occurring shrub species as a test case, and comparing alternative plant traits, we demonstrate that rate of LDD is best described as a simple function of v. As the direct consequence of life-history and demographic traits in a specific environmental context, v has the potential to predict LDD rates in both stable and changing ecosystems

Novel implications of Lingo-1 signaling in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of perinatal phencyclidine treated rats in a neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia

Abstract of a poster presentation

Jumping-Droplet Electrostatic Energy Harvesting

Micro- and nanoscale wetting phenomena has been an active area of research due to its potential for improving engineered system performance involving phase change. With the recent advancements in micro/nanofabrication techniques, structured surfaces can now be designed to allow condensing coalesced droplets to spontaneously jump off the surface due to the conversion of excess surface energy into kinetic energy. In addition to being removed at micrometric length scales (~10 μm), jumping water droplets also attain a positive electrostatic charge (~10-100 fC) from the hydrophobic coating/condensate interaction. In this work, we take advantage of this droplet charging to demonstrate jumping-droplet electrostatic energy harvesting. The charged droplets jump between superhydrophobic copper oxide and hydrophilic copper surfaces to create an electrostatic potential and generate power during formation of atmospheric dew. We demonstrated power densities of ~15 pW/cm[superscript 2], which, in the near term, can be improved to ~1 μW/cm[superscript 2]. This work demonstrates a surface engineered platform that promises to be low cost and scalable for atmospheric energy harvesting and electric power generation.United States. Dept. of Energy. Office of Basic Energy Sciences (Award DE-FG02-09ER46577)United States. Office of Naval ResearchNational Science Foundation (U.S.). Graduate Research Fellowship Program (Grant 1122374

Discovery of a Histidine‐Based Scaffold as an Inhibitor of Gut Microbial Choline Trimethylamine‐Lyase

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Discovery of a Histidine‐Based Scaffold as an Inhibitor of Gut Microbial Choline Trimethylamine‐Lyase, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/cmdc.202000571. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions.Anaerobic choline metabolism by human gut microbiota to produce trimethylamine (TMA) has recently evolved as a potential therapeutic target because of its association with chronic kidney disease and increased cardiovascular risks. Limited examples of choline analogues have been reported as inhibitors of bacterial enzyme choline TMA‐lyase (CutC), a key enzyme regulating choline anaerobic metabolism. We used a new workflow to discover CutC inhibitors based on focused screening of a diversified library of small molecules for intestinal metabolic stability followed by in vitro CutC inhibitory assay. This workflow identified a histidine‐based scaffold as a CutC inhibitor with an IC50 value of 1.9±0.2 μM. Remarkably, the identified CutC inhibitor was able to reduce the production of TMA in whole‐cell assays using various bacterial strains as well as in complex gut microbiota environment. The improved efficiency of the new scaffold identified in this study in comparison to previously reported CutC inhibitors would enable optimization of potential leads for in vivo screening and clinical translation. Finally, docking studies and molecular‐dynamic simulations were used to predict putative interactions created between inhibitor and CutC