Financial Stability Management of an Industrial Enterprise Based on the Formation of Signal Indicators

The article contains the author's methodological toolkit for managing the financial stability of an industrial enterprise, as well as the results of its use. To manage the financial stability of an industrial enterprise, it is proposed to form signal indicators that allow evaluating the work of circulating capital management. For this, it is proposed to make evaluation according to the following groups of signal indicators: Indicators characterizing the level of receivables; indicators characterizing the level of external obligations of the enterprise. The result of the author's algorithm use is the determination of the integral indicator of financial stability, the value of which includes three components: Structure indicators, dynamics indicators and indicators of the intensity of the obligations use. The specific weight of each group was determined by expert judgment and is associated with the recommended values of signal indicators. The results of the calculations show that the use of signal indicators in the management of the financial stability of an industrial enterprise makes it possible to timely identify and eliminate problems in the regulation of circulating capital and to increase the financial potential. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

Факторы финансовой несбалансированности обязательной системы пенсионного страхования: анализ российской практики

The aim of the article is to study the impact of tax and tariff policy on the financial balance of the compulsory pension insurance system in Russia, as well as to substantiate proposals for its financial stabilization. The authors analyzed the consequences of regression applied on wages while forming tariffs for pensions. The methods used in this study were economic, statistical and empirical methods, analysis and synthesis, abstraction, systemic-structural approach. The authors analyzed the influence of preferential tariffs for certain types of economic activity and the use of simplified tax systems for organizations on the income of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation. The work contains the calculation of income shortfalls in the compulsory pension insurance system resulting from the use of regression and tax benefits when calculating insurance payments to the budget of the Pension Fund of Russia. The authors estimated the financial consequences of the pension valorization in the Soviet period and the pension indexation policy in Russia resulted in the rising costs of the Pension Fund of Russia. The conclusion is that the current procedure for determining insurance contributions to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, which provides for a large number of benefits, does not correspond to generally accepted world practice and creates major risks for the financial balance of the pension system. This may cause increasing poverty among seniors. Raising the retirement age did not solve the problem of balancing the pension system, but exacerbated it. The regression in the payment of insurance premiums led to a conundrum in Russia, when an increase in wages resulted in the decrease of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation’s income. This is associated with the precarization of wages and the desire of business to minimize tax payments. The prospect of further research is to study the conditions for financial stabilization of compulsory pension insurance during the Russian economic crisis. The analysis showed that there is a need to create an independent actuarial center for setting tariffs for deductions to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, as well as the redistribution of areas of responsibility between the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation and the Ministry of Finance of Russia.Цель исследования — анализ влияния налоговой и тарифной политики на финансовую сбалансированность обязательной системы пенсионного страхования в России, а также обоснование предложений по ее финансовой стабилизации. Подробно проанализированы последствия применения при формировании тарифов на пенсионное обеспечение регрессии по уровню оплаты труда. Методологической основой данного исследования стали экономические, статистические и эмпирические методы, анализ и синтез, абстрагирование, системно-структурный подход. Проанализировано влияние практики использования льготных тарифов для отдельных видов экономической деятельности и применения упрощенных налоговых систем для организаций на доходы ПФР. Рассчитан объем выпадающих доходов системы обязательного пенсионного страхования, возникающий в результате использования регрессии и налоговых льгот при начислении страховых платежей в бюджет Пенсионного фонда России. Дана оценка финансовых последствий проведения валоризации пенсий советского периода и применяемой в российской практике политики индексаций пенсий, в результате которых резко возросли расходы ПФР. Сделаны выводы, что действующий порядок определения процентов отчислений страховых взносов в ПФР, предусматривающий большое количество льгот, не соответствует общепринятой мировой практике и создает основные риски для финансового баланса пенсионной системы. Это может стать причиной роста уровня бедности среди лиц старшего поколения. Повышение пенсионного возраста не решило проблемы сбалансированности пенсионной системы, а, наоборот, обострило ее. Регрессия при уплате страховых взносов обусловила парадоксальную ситуацию в России, когда в результате роста размера заработной платы сокращался объем доходов ПФР, что связано с прекаризацией заработной платы, стремлением бизнеса к минимизации суммы уплаты налогов. Перспектива дальнейших исследований заключается в изучении условий финансовой стабилизации обязательного пенсионного страхования в период кризиса российской экономики. Проведенный авторами анализ показал, что существует необходимость создания независимого актуарного центра по установлению тарифов на отчисления в ПФР, а также перераспределения сфер ответственности между ПФР и Минфином России

Methodical Toolkit of Portfolio Management of Services of Professional Education

The article forms the author's methodical toolkit for managing the portfolio of the professional education services, as well as the results of its application. To manage the portfolio of the professional education services it is proposed to analyse them in order to identify the most promising areas of activity of the higher education establishments in the market of the educational services. It is proposed to monitor the higher education establishments on the basis of the creation of the n-dimensional matrices, using which the business-units may be compared with each other according to the various criteria. With that end in view, the application of the matrix of the"Boston Consulting Group"is considered, but modified in such a way as, on the one hand, to preserve its main advantages including the simplicity of visual perception and the usual terminology, and on the other hand - to use it for the analysis of the portfolio of the professional education services, taking into account their features. The parameter K (market share) (the horizontal axis of the modified matrix) and the parameter T (demand in the market) (vertical axis of the matrix) serve as a characteristic of each service group. The results of the calculations show that the use of the Boston Consulting Group modified matrix in managing the portfolio of the professional education services will make it possible to allocate the professional education services that are in demand in the market and, consequently, to affect the education establishment competitiveness. © 2019 Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

Development of the identifier system of indicators for improving the information potential of the holding

The article presents the system of competitively-balanced indicators, which makes it possible to assess different spheres of activity of industrial enterprises of the holding for the purpose of improving its information potential. In order to manage metallurgical holding activities, it is proposed to combine accounting and analytical procedures used for strategic decision-making aimed at information potential increasing. For this purpose, the authors' identifier system of indicators includes three blocks: strategic, operational and tactical. When classifying indicators according to the management levels, the following points are taken into account: preliminary analysis of the structural elements in each indicator, consideration of triggers, need for expert assessment. Basing on values dynamics, the results of the calculations make it possible to identify positive trends for some enterprises and negative trends for other enterprises of the holding. They also help to determine the reasons for the increase or decrease of the integral evaluation of one metallurgical enterprise compared to another. All these increases the efficiency of strategic decision-making in the holding management. Besides, the proposed model gives the possibility for determining the assumptions for its implementation in each metallurgical enterprise, thereby increasing the information potential of the entire holding. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

Faculty Salary Structure for Publicly Funded Higher Education Institutions of the Russian Federation

There are some serious issues with the recruitment and motivation of the faculty in the publicly-funded higher education of the Russian Federation. They are a significant reduction in the number of teaching staff, a substantial part of the old-age staff, an increase in the total workload and extracurricular work. The most important reason of the described problems is the issue of remuneration. In this regard, the purpose of the study is to suggest some directions for the development of the material remuneration systems for the employees in the publicly funded higher education. The methodological basis of the research are such methods as analysis and synthesis, as well as abstraction and a structurally systematic approach. As a result, it was determined that: 1) unreasonably low official salaries established by professional qualification groups do not provide the reproduction function of wages in full; 2) the differentiation of official salaries for the lecturers of the same qualification level and the position held, due to the size of the financing of budgetary institutions and the remuneration policy of the university, leads to a violation of the principle of “an equal pay for an equal work”; 3) the presence of a large number of incentive payments in the salary structure leads to the “opacity” of wages. The following recommendations are formulated: the salary structure considering the specifics of the publicly funded higher education is justified, methodological approaches to the structure of the official salaries, as well as the incentive and compensation payments are developed

Оценка эффективности и безопасности комбинации хондроитина сульфата и глюкозамина сульфата при остеоартрите коленного и тазобедренного суставов в реальной клинической практике

A combination of chondroitin and glucosamine is widely used in clinical practice as both a symptomatic and structure-modifying agent for the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). The emergence of new drugs based on this combination substantially expands treatment options for OA therapy.Objective: to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Artroflex® that is a combination of chondroitin sulfate 400 mg and glucosamine sulfate 500 mg (CS + GS) to support joint health in patients with knee and/or hip OA.Patients and methods. When implementing an open observational research program, the results of using the CS + GS complex were assessed in 644 OA patients (74.7% women) (mean age, 58.0±14.6 years) who experienced moderate/severe pain and required to continuously take non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The CS + GS complex was prescribed in a dose of 2 capsules per day for 3 months. The investigators estimated changes in pain on movement by a 0 to 10 verbal pain scale, general health (GH) by a 0–10 visual analogue scale), the Lequesne index, the need for NSAIDs, and patient satisfaction with treatment and its tolerance.Results and discussion. After 3-month therapy, there were decreases in pain intensity by 49.2±16.8%, GH scores by 45.6±18.1%, the Lequesne index from 9.0 [6.0; 13.0] to 5.0 [3.0; 9.0]; less than half (45.2%) of the patients still needed for NSAIDs. 82.2% of patients were satisfied or completely satisfied with treatment results; 89.6% reported good treatment tolerance.Adverse events (apparently associated with NSAID use) were recorded in 2.2% of cases. There were no serious complications that required CS + GS treatment discontinuation or hospitalization.Conclusion. The findings have indicated that Artroflex® used to support joint health is an effective agent that controls OA symptoms and has a good safety level.Комбинация хондроитина и глюкозамина широко применяется в клинической практике как симптоматическое и структурно-модифицирующее средство для лечения остеоартрита (ОА). Появление новых препаратов на основе данной комбинации существенно расширяет возможности терапии ОА.Цель исследования – оценка эффективности и безопасности комплекса для поддержания здоровья суставов Артрофлекс®, представляющего собой комбинацию хондроитина сульфата 400 мг и глюкозамина сульфата 500 мг (ХС + ГС), у пациентов с ОА коленного и/или тазобедренного суставов.Пациенты и методы. В ходе наблюдательной открытой исследовательской программы были оценены результаты применения комплекса ХС + ГС у 644 больных ОА (средний возраст 58,0±14,6 года, 74,7% женщины), испытывающих умеренную/выраженную боль и нуждающихся в постоянном приеме нестероидных противовоспалительных препаратов (НПВП). Комплекс ХС + ГС назначали в дозе 2 капсулы в сутки сроком на 3 мес. Оценивали динамику боли при движении (по вербальной шкале боли 0–10), общего состояния здоровья (ОСЗ, по визуальной аналоговой шкале 0–10), индекса Лекена, потребность в приеме НПВП, удовлетворенность больных лечением и переносимостью терапии.Результаты и обсуждение. Через 3 мес применения выраженность боли снизилась на 49,2±16,8%, оценка ОСЗ – на 45,6±18,1%, индекс Лекена – с 9,0 [6,0; 13,0] до 5,0 [3,0; 9,0], необходимость в приеме НПВП осталась менее чем у половины больных (45,2%). Удовлетворены или полностью удовлетворены результатами лечения были 82,2% больных, хорошую переносимость терапии отметили 89,6%. Нежелательные явления (по-видимому, связанные с приемом НПВП) зафиксированы в 2,2% случаев. Серьезных осложнений, потребовавших прерывания лечения ХС + ГС или госпитализации, не выявлено.Заключение. Согласно полученным данным, комплекс для поддержания здоровья суставов Артрофлекс® – эффективное средство для контроля симптомов ОА, обладающее хорошим уровнем безопасности

METHODICAL ASPECTS OF BUSINESS POTENTIAL EVALUATION OF AUTONOMOUS HIGHER EDUCATION

The article presents the business development model of the autonomous university, which allows the continuous reforming of produc­tion, management, and technological solutions. The study's subject was the economic relations forming during the monitoring and evaluation of the autonomous HEI (Higher Education Institution) business potential. The scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists, the data of statistical reports and the results of the autonomous HEI business model testing became the theoretical and methodological basis of the work. The obtained results confirm the existence of a reserve for increasing the autonomous HEI (the business potential integrated index is less than the planned value) and ensuring its competitiveness.В статье представлена предпринимательская модель развития вуза, которая позволяет постоянно реформировать производственные, управленческие, технологические решения его руководства. Предметом исследования являются экономические отношения, формирующиеся в процессе мониторинга и оценки предпринимательского потенциала автономного вуза. Теоретической и методической базой работы стали научные труды отечественных и зарубежных ученых, данные статистической отчетности, а также результаты апробации предпринимательской модели автономного вуза. Полученные результаты подтверждают наличие резерва для повышения предпринимательского потенциала вуза (фактическое значение интегрированного показателя предпринимательского потенциала меньше планового значения), обеспечения его конкурентоспособности.Публикация подготовлена при поддержке гранта РНФ №15-18-10014 «Проектирование оптимальных социально-экономических систем в условиях турбулентности внешней и внутренней среды»