Thermal requirements and estimate of the annual number of generations sap beetle on strawberry Crop.

Lobiopa insularis (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) is the main pest of strawberry culture, causing direct damage to fruit, invalidating them for consumption and commercialization

Duas novas espécies de Dasmeusa Melichar (Hemiptera, Auchenorrhyncha, Cicadellidae) Two new species of the Dasmeusa Melichar (Hemiptera, Auchenorrhyncha, Cicadellidae)

<abstract language="eng">Two new species of Dasmeusa Melichar, 1926 are descri bed and illustrated: D. basseti sp.n. from Guyana and D. isabellina sp.n. from Brazil, Pará

Biza Walker: cinco espécies novas do Brasil (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Neocoelidiinae) Biza Walker: five new Brazilian species (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Neocoelidiinae)

<abstract language="eng">In the present study five new species of Biza are presented: B. castanea sp. nov., B. ocellata sp. nov., B. maculata sp. nov., B. trimaculata (all from Brazil, Amazonas State) and B. similis sp. nov. (from Brazil, Mato Grosso State). The new species of Biza can be distinguished by the aspect of the male genitalia, mainly by the shape of the aedeagus, the presence or absence of process in the aedeagus and shape of pygofer

Growth in literacy and numeracy achievement : evidence and explanations of a summer slowdown in low socio-economic schools

The phenomenon of summer slide or setback has gained a great deal of attention in the USA. It is understood to account for as much as 80 % of the difference in achievement for students between low and high socio-economic families over their elementary schooling. In a mixed method longitudinal study of reforms in low socio-economic school communities in Victoria, Australia this phenomenon in the achievement growth of primary and secondary school students for both literacy and numeracy was identified. The longitudinal analysis of achievement data revealed decelerated growth during Terms 4 and 1, the spring and summer months in the Australian school calendar. In this article we present these findings and the reflections of Principals, literacy and numeracy leaders and coaches about these findings and their suggestions for action. We argue that reforming school practices during Terms 1 and 4 and developing a deeper understanding of students&rsquo; out-of-school learning and knowledge are essential for enhancing growth in achievement from September to March and for narrowing the achievement gap between marginalised and advantaged students. Further research of this phenomenon in the Australian context is needed.</p