2,631 research outputs found
The CMS Silicon Strip Tracker performance using cosmic ray data
The CMS Silicon Strip Tracker is the largest tracking system based on silicon detector technology ever built for high energy physics experiment. It consists of 24,244 single-sided micro-strip sensors for a total active area of 198 and about 10 million readout channels. The SST was installed inside CMS in December 2007, commissioned during summer 2008 and then it participated along with other CMS subdetectors in several cosmic muon data taking runs. The commissioning strategy, operational experience and detector performance results will be presented
Can C\u3csub\u3eP\u3c/sub\u3e Be Less Than C\u3csub\u3eV\u3c/sub\u3e?
Can CP be less than CV? This is a fundamental question in physics, chemistry, chemical engineering, and mechanical engineering. This question hangs in the minds of many students, instructors, and researchers. The first instinct is to answer “Yes, for water between 0 and 4 °C” if one knows that water expands as temperature decreases in this temperature range. The same question is asked in several Physical Chemistry and Physics textbooks. Students are supposed to answer that water contracts when heated at below 4 °C in an isobaric process. Because work is done to the contracting water, less heat is required to increase the water temperature in an isobaric process than in an isochoric process. Therefore, CP is less than CV. However, this answer is fundamentally flawed because it assumes, implicitly and incorrectly, that the internal energy change of water depends solely on its temperature change. Neglecting the variation of the internal energy with volume (internal pressure) will invalidate the Clausius inequality and violate the second law of thermodynamics. Once the internal pressure is properly taken into account, it becomes clear that CP cannot be less than CV for any substance at any temperature regardless of the sign of the thermal expansion coefficient of the substance
Targeting of RET oncogene by naphthalene diimide-mediated gene promoter G-quadruplex stabilization exerts anti-tumor activity in oncogene-addicted human medullary thyroid cancer
Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) relies on the aberrant activation of RET proto-oncogene. Though targeted approaches (i.e., tyrosine kinase inhibitors) are available, the absence of complete responses and the onset of resistance mechanisms indicate the need for novel therapeutic interventions. Due to their role in regulation of gene expression, G-quadruplexes (G4) represent attractive targets amenable to be recognized or stabilized by small molecules. Here, we report that exposure of MTC cells to a tri-substituted naphthalene diimide (NDI) resulted in a significant antiproliferative activity paralleled by inhibition of RET expression. Biophysical analysis and gene reporter assays showed that impairment of RET expression was consequent to the NDI-mediated stabilization of the G4 forming within the gene promoter. We also showed for the first time that systemic administration of the NDI in mice xenotransplanted with MTC cells resulted in a remarkable inhibition of tumor growth in vivo. Overall, our findings indicate that NDI-dependent RET G4 stabilization represents a suitable approach to control RET transcription and delineate the rationale for the development of G4 stabilizing-based treatments for MTC as well as for other tumors in which RET may have functional and therapeutic implications
Three propositions to unify circular economy research: A review
This is the final version. Available on open access from MDPI via the DOI in this recordTransitioning into a circular economy (CE) has been recently proposed as an agenda for reconciling global industrial systems with natural equilibria, but the current understanding of CE is ambiguous among scholars. Informed by recent growing CE literature, this study summarizes through three key propositions a set of indisputable insights emerging from the CE debate. In particular, the paper: remarks how CE takes stock of concepts of other schools of thought to drive policy interventions; depicts CE as a systemic transition of global industrial systems; and highlights the role of eco-effectiveness to upgrade business-centered approaches to sustainability. The proposed propositions are expected to contribute to reducing ambiguities in the CE debate and to convey coherence to future research.e Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR
Effectiveness of the “ecological beach” model: Beneficial management of posidonia beach casts and banquette
Phosphonated Carbocyclic 2'-Oxa-3'-azanucleosides as New Antiretroviral Agents
Phosphonated carbocyclic 2¢-oxa-3¢-azanucleosides have been synthesized and tested for their antiretroviral
activity. The obtained results have shown that some of the compounds were as powerful as azydothymidine
in inhibiting the reverse transcriptase activity of the human retrovirus T-cell leukemia/lymphotropic virus
type 1 and in protecting human peripheral blood mononuclear cells against human retrovirus T-cell leukemia/
lymphotropic virus type 1 transmission in vitro. These data indicate that phosphonated carbocyclic 2¢-oxa-
3¢-azanucleosides possess the necessary requirements to efficiently counteract infections caused by human
retroviruses
Synthesis of Carboxamides Tranylcypromine Analogues as LSD1 (KDM1A) Inhibitors for AML
Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1/KDM1A) oxidatively removes methyl groups from histone proteins and its aberrant activity has been correlated with cancers including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We report a novel series of tranylcypromine analogues containing a carboxamide at the 4-position of the aryl ring and novel carbamates. These compounds were potent submicromolar LSD1 inhibitors in enzyme assays and were anti-proliferative against a panel of AML cell lines. LSD1 target engagement in cells was demonstrated through the effects on H3K4me2 protein expression, CD86, CD11b and CD14 levels
A phase I/II study of xcellerated T cells™ after autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in patients with multiple myeloma
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