475 research outputs found
Are âdiversity management' and monolingualism compatible? About learning and using foreign languages in a context of globalisation: Sind ,diversity management' und Einsprachigkeit kompatibel? Vom Fremdsprachenlernen und -gebrauch unter dem Einfluss der Globalisierung
Ideologies and communication practices vary hugely in multilingual workplaces. On the one hand, many companies include Diversity Management in their corporate culture because there are theoretical and empirical reasons to believe that a company which employs a diverse workforce enhances its opportunities in a global marketplace whilst improving employee satisfaction and thus productivity. On the other hand, globally oriented companies, often the same ones, choose English preferentially as their corporate language as it has become widely accepted that this is the language of international business. Thus, diversity in general (i.e. cultural diversity) and linguistic diversity are dissociate
Determination of the Turbulent Temperature-Humidity Correlation from Scintillometric Measurements
We report on the investigation and successful application of the bichromatic correlation of optical and microwave signals for determining the area-averaged correlation of temperature-humidity fluctuations. The additional technical effort is marginal compared to the common âtwo-wavelength method', which has (in contrast) the restriction that only two of the three relevant meteorological structure parameters can be deduced. Therefore, in the past, it was often assumed that the turbulent humidity and temperature fluctuations are perfectly positively or negatively correlated. However, as shown in this study, over non-homogeneous terrain when the flow conditions are not ideal, this assumption is questionable. The measurements were analysed statistically, and were compared to in situ measurements of the Bowen ratio Bo and the correlation of temperature-humidity fluctuations using eddy-covariance techniques. The latter is in good agreement to that derived by scintillometry. We found that the correlation is not ±1 but as low as â0.6 for Bo smaller than â2, and up to 0.8 for Bo larger than
Patterns of language use in polyglossic urban areas and multilingual regions and institutions: a Swiss case study
Growing mobility of important parts of the world's population has led to a massive increase in multilingualism in post-modern societies and a lasting change from homoglossic to polyglossic communities with important "deterritorialisedâ linguistic minorities, mostly plurilingual to a variable degree. Ideologies and practices of communication in old and new multilingual contexts vary largely. The "solutionsâ for overcoming potential problems go from using a lingua franca (often English), inventing pidgin like emergent varieties, choosing the language of one of the interlocutors known (partially) by the others (namely in the case of immigrants), insisting on receptive competences (everybody uses his or her own language, e. g. in officially multilingual institutions), to various forms of mixed speech and, of course, to interpretation and translation processes. Drawing on extensive field work in bilingual institutions and multilingual companies in Europe, particularly in Switzerland, we propose to discuss various ways of mobilizing multilingual repertoires in situations of cross-linguistic and intercultural communication. The analyzed data will mainly consist of dyadic and polyadic oral interactions. It will also include written texts and signs that are part of the linguistic landscape. Our work is grounded in the assumption that multilingualism is no longer considered a marginal phenomenon, only of interest to specialists, but instead a characteristic of the majority of human being
Unheilvolle Allianz oder letzte Chance?
In Zukunft werden Unternehmen bisher wirtschaftsfremde Naturbilder verwenden, um neue MĂ€rkte zu erschlieĂen. Weil sie damit entscheidend das Denken und Handeln der Konsumenten prĂ€gen, werden die Wirtschaft und ihre Eliten ĂŒber die Zukunft der Natur und des Naturschutzes mitbestimmen
Welche Sprachausbildung fĂŒr eine mehrsprachige Arbeitswelt?
Fremdsprachen haben in der Berufsausbildung und -tĂ€tigkeit eine zunehmende Bedeutung, d.h. mehrsprachige Arbeitnehmer genieĂen bestimmte Vorteile. Freilich nicht automatisch: Mehrsprachigkeit bedeutet ein Potenzial, welches in der sozialen Wirklichkeit verankert werden muss. Dazu mĂŒssen u.a. Lernende, Lehrende (aber auch ihr Umfeld) das Korsett ihrer einsprachigen Vorstellungen ablegen und gemeinsam an der Entwicklung mehrsprachiger Repertoires arbeiten. Es geht um die systematische Ausnutzung der gesamten Multikompetenz der Lernenden als Ressourcen fĂŒr das Lernen und die Kommunikation â namentlich auch fĂŒr das mehrsprachige Reden â im Sinne eines sozialen, kognitiven und didaktischen Vorteils. Zu diesem Zwecke braucht es differenzierte Ziele fĂŒr den berufsorientierten Sprachunterricht und die interkulturelle Bildung als zentrale Komponenten der Persönlichkeitsentwicklung fĂŒr eine globale Arbeitswelt, die im Rahmen einer berufsgruppenspezifischen Bedarfsanalyse ermittelt werden mĂŒsse
Présent et avenir des langues : une question de civilisation
âAgli occhi della maggioranza dei lettori la linguistica Ăš una scienza umana come tante altre. Eppure Ăš ben piĂč di questo : fare il linguista significa assumersi delle responsabilitĂ e la linguistica Ăš una battagliaâ. Ecco come lâautore stesso spiega (p. 15) il perchĂ© di questo libro. In effetti, in âun mondo che galoppa verso lâuniformazione ed il livellamento culturaleâ, il testo di Gilbert Dalgalian costituisce una vera e propria arringa in favore della diversitĂ linguistica e del plurilinguismo. Si schiera decisamente contro lâinglese âtotaleâ e si batte per un bilinguismo precoce, mettendo lâaccento sulle lingue regionali, ma anche sulle lingue vicine e sulle lingue dellâimmigrazione.âIn den Augen der meisten Leser ist Linguistik eine Humanwissenschaft unter anderen. Aber sie ist viel mehr als das. Linguist zu sein ist eine Verantwortung und Linguistik ist ein Kampfâ. So erklĂ€rt der Autor selbst (S. 15) den Grund fĂŒr dieses Buch. In der Tat ist das Buch von Gilbert Dalgalian in âeiner Welt, die auf kulturelle Standardisierung und Nivellierung zusteuertâ, ein echtes PlĂ€doyer fĂŒr sprachliche Vielfalt und Mehrsprachigkeit. Er ist das GegenstĂŒck zum "All-Englisch" und kĂ€mpft fĂŒr eine frĂŒhe Zweisprachigkeit mit einer Hervorhebung der Regionalsprachen, aber auch der Nachbarsprachen und der Einwanderersprachen
Dénomination médiate et bricolage lexical en situation exolingue
Dans des situations de « dĂ©tresse verbale » caractĂ©risĂ©es par de nombreuses lacunes lexicales Ă lâencodage, le locuteur non natif fait souvent appel Ă des techniques de formulation approximative, en employant des mots de L1 (formulation transcodique), en employant des mots plus ou moins voisins (formulation provisoire) ou en inventant des mots construits (formulation par bricolage lexical), etc. Ces procĂ©dĂ©s rappellent les mĂ©thodes de la dĂ©nomination mĂ©diate employĂ©es par les natifs lorsquâils doivent dĂ©nommer des « choses » qui nâont pas de nom, dont ils ne veulent pas rĂ©vĂ©ler le nom ou du nom desquelles ils ne disposent pas au moment de lâĂ©nonciation. A partir dâun corpus important de productions dâapprenants germanophones du français langue Ă©trangĂšre, cet article se propose de montrer comment les apprenants apprennent, petit Ă petit, Ă maĂźtriser et Ă employer les moyens de dĂ©nomination mĂ©diate Ă la maniĂšre des natifs, et quel rĂŽle la nĂ©gociation interactive du statut de ces sĂ©quences joue dans le cadre de ces processus.In situations of « verbal emergency » characterised by numerous lexical gaps at the moment of utterance, non native speakers often make use of techniques of approximate formulation in either employing words of their L1 (translinguistic formulation) or lexical items they believe to be more or less appropriate (provisional formulation) or inventing new compound or derived words (a technique we propose to call formulation by « bricolage », i.e. by homespun assembly) etc. These strategies are to be compared with methods of indirect of mediate denomination used by native speakers when speaking about things that have no name, or the name of which they donât want to reveal or they ignore momentarily. Exploiting a large corpus of utterances made by German speaking learners of French as foreign language, this paper aims at showing how learners progressively begin to master and use the methods of indirect denomination in the way native speakers do and at measuring the role played in this process by the mutual negotiation of the pragmatic status of these techniques
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