Estilos de liderazgo con tendencia al acoso laboral

The article aims to identify the perception of harassment in the work teams of the different productive sectors and their predominant styles of leadership organizations; through a research exercise that infers a series of variables associated with perceptions of harassing behaviors; Such inference is developed from theoretical and conceptual references addressed in the review of international literature in response to the legal context existing in Colombia. The object of investigation was established with the participation of 22 working groups corresponding to different hierarchical levels of 6 representative companies of the regionEl articulo propone, identificar la percepción de acoso en los equipos de trabajo de las organizaciones de diferentes sectores productivos y sus estilos de liderazgo predominantes; a través de un ejercicio investigativo que infiere una serie de variables asociadas a las percepciones de comportamientos acosadores; dicha inferencia se desarrolla a partir de los referentes teóricos y conceptuales abordados en la revisión de literatura internacional respondiendo al contexto legal existente en Colombia. El objeto de investigación se estableció con la participación de  22 grupos de trabajo correspondientes a diferentes niveles jerárquicos de 6 empresas representativas de la región

Estilos de liderazgo con tendencia al acoso laboral

The article aims to identify the perception of harassment in the work teams of the different productive sectors and their predominant styles of leadership organizations; through a research exercise that infers a series of variables associated with perceptions of harassing behaviors; Such inference is developed from theoretical and conceptual references addressed in the review of international literature in response to the legal context existing in Colombia. The object of investigation was established with the participation of 22 working groups corresponding to different hierarchical levels of 6 representative companies of the regionEl articulo propone, identificar la percepción de acoso en los equipos de trabajo de las organizaciones de diferentes sectores productivos y sus estilos de liderazgo predominantes; a través de un ejercicio investigativo que infiere una serie de variables asociadas a las percepciones de comportamientos acosadores; dicha inferencia se desarrolla a partir de los referentes teóricos y conceptuales abordados en la revisión de literatura internacional respondiendo al contexto legal existente en Colombia. El objeto de investigación se estableció con la participación de  22 grupos de trabajo correspondientes a diferentes niveles jerárquicos de 6 empresas representativas de la región

Palm Sunday in central Mexico: among sellers, palms and syncretism

Abstract Background Domingo de Ramos, or Palm Sunday, is a traditional Christian religious event where devotees use ramos, which are bouquets currently elaborated from palm leaves and other natural elements. In various countries, it is assumed this use of biodiversity leads to the depletion of the species involved. However, other important aspects must be considered, including the role of the people who produce and sell these ramos, the associated symbolism that has been overlooked, as well as commercial aspects that have barely been documented. This ethnobotanical study evaluates the regional-scale cultural, biological and socioeconomic aspects associated with Domingo de Ramos in central Mexico from an emic perspective. Methods Ethnographic and commercial information was obtained through interviews with ramos sellers in 28 municipalities in the state of Hidalgo, Mexico. We specifically sought sociodemographic data regarding the interviewees, as well as information pertaining to the ramos themselves and the palms. These aspects were explored with all of the sellers. The free list method was used to describe the uses and key elements associated with the ramos. Results Although the ramos are used for religious purposes, they have eight different uses in the daily life of the sellers, the main one being “protection.” They serve to protect families, crops and animals, as well as against several diseases. Likewise, they are considered valuable for diminishing strong storms. This belief in the protection conferred by the ramos preserves pre-Hispanic concepts and is combined with their use in blessing corresponding to Western beliefs. Ramos are made from 35 introduced and native plant species and comprise a base (made of palm, wheat or sotol), a “reliquia” (palm, rosemary, chamomile and laurel) and natural or artificial flowers. The ramos sellers are mostly adult women of indigenous origin and heads of family. Conclusions This study of Domingo de Ramos, carried out at a regional scale, highlights a syncretism that is reflected in both the symbolic importance of ramos palm and in the species used, as well as socioeconomic aspects that had not previously been identified in the study area and reflect the occurrence of complex relationships in non-timber forest products that remain little addressed

Transformación Digital: experiencias colectivas

ilustraciones, graficas, videosPara la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, la educación, la ciencia y la tecnología son los pilares que permiten afrontar los cambios y retos que necesita Colombia. En esa medida, hemos aunado esfuerzos y habilidades hacia la articulación inteligente de capacidades en el ecosistema UNAL. Como resultado de este trabajo, presentamos el libro Transformación Digital: experiencias colectivas, una serie de artículos narrados por expertos en Transformación Digital de organizaciones del sector público y privado colombianos. Aquí encontrarán abordajes teóricos, reflexiones y casos reales de instituciones de gran trayectoria abocados a los retos y problemáticas de sus sectores para asumir la Transformación Digital como un camino hacia el cambio cultural. Estas trayectorias toman como base el abanico de posibilidades que brindan las herramientas de la Cuarta Revolución Industrial. (Texto tomado de la fuente)La Transformación Digital: el camino hacia el cambio cultural de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia -- UNALab: un potencializador de las capacidades internas en la Universidad Nacional de Colombia para la Transformación Digital-- Transformación Digital, educación para todos y diseño universal para el aprendizaje -- La Transformación Digital en la Facultad de Medicina de la UNAL en el marco de la Pandemia -- Relato de la experiencia de Integración Transformación Digital en el curso SCADA y Controladores Industriales de la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá -- Una mirada a la Transformación Digital: retos, oportunidades y transferencia de conocimiento -- HORUS: Sistema de visibilidad científica para la Transformación Digital de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia -- Transformación Digital en la gestión ambiental para la sustentabilidad -- Aproximaciones para desarrollar una cultura digital en las organizaciones -- Transformación Digital de la justicia: la interoperabilidad como habilitador tecnológico para la materialización del piloto de Expediente Electrónico Judicial en Colombia -- Transformación Digital en la educación superior en Colombia: oportunidades y retos para la implementación y construcción de datos e indicadores -- Los laboratorios digitales de Bogotá (2016-2020): aprendizajes para Colombia a partir de una experiencia de transformación territorial -- Democracia directa: Gobierno abierto y presupuestos participativos en Bogotá -- Plan Bogotá Territorio Inteligente: proceso de diseño, construcción e implementaciónPrimera edición, enero de 202

Global variation in postoperative mortality and complications after cancer surgery: a multicentre, prospective cohort study in 82 countries

© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licenseBackground: 80% of individuals with cancer will require a surgical procedure, yet little comparative data exist on early outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared postoperative outcomes in breast, colorectal, and gastric cancer surgery in hospitals worldwide, focusing on the effect of disease stage and complications on postoperative mortality. Methods: This was a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of consecutive adult patients undergoing surgery for primary breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer requiring a skin incision done under general or neuraxial anaesthesia. The primary outcome was death or major complication within 30 days of surgery. Multilevel logistic regression determined relationships within three-level nested models of patients within hospitals and countries. Hospital-level infrastructure effects were explored with three-way mediation analyses. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03471494. Findings: Between April 1, 2018, and Jan 31, 2019, we enrolled 15 958 patients from 428 hospitals in 82 countries (high income 9106 patients, 31 countries; upper-middle income 2721 patients, 23 countries; or lower-middle income 4131 patients, 28 countries). Patients in LMICs presented with more advanced disease compared with patients in high-income countries. 30-day mortality was higher for gastric cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (adjusted odds ratio 3·72, 95% CI 1·70–8·16) and for colorectal cancer in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (4·59, 2·39–8·80) and upper-middle-income countries (2·06, 1·11–3·83). No difference in 30-day mortality was seen in breast cancer. The proportion of patients who died after a major complication was greatest in low-income or lower-middle-income countries (6·15, 3·26–11·59) and upper-middle-income countries (3·89, 2·08–7·29). Postoperative death after complications was partly explained by patient factors (60%) and partly by hospital or country (40%). The absence of consistently available postoperative care facilities was associated with seven to 10 more deaths per 100 major complications in LMICs. Cancer stage alone explained little of the early variation in mortality or postoperative complications. Interpretation: Higher levels of mortality after cancer surgery in LMICs was not fully explained by later presentation of disease. The capacity to rescue patients from surgical complications is a tangible opportunity for meaningful intervention. Early death after cancer surgery might be reduced by policies focusing on strengthening perioperative care systems to detect and intervene in common complications. Funding: National Institute for Health Research Global Health Research Unit

Effects of hospital facilities on patient outcomes after cancer surgery: an international, prospective, observational study

© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 licenseBackground: Early death after cancer surgery is higher in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with in high-income countries, yet the impact of facility characteristics on early postoperative outcomes is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hospital infrastructure, resource availability, and processes on early outcomes after cancer surgery worldwide. Methods: A multimethods analysis was performed as part of the GlobalSurg 3 study—a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study of patients who had surgery for breast, colorectal, or gastric cancer. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and 30-day major complication rates. Potentially beneficial hospital facilities were identified by variable selection to select those associated with 30-day mortality. Adjusted outcomes were determined using generalised estimating equations to account for patient characteristics and country-income group, with population stratification by hospital. Findings: Between April 1, 2018, and April 23, 2019, facility-level data were collected for 9685 patients across 238 hospitals in 66 countries (91 hospitals in 20 high-income countries; 57 hospitals in 19 upper-middle-income countries; and 90 hospitals in 27 low-income to lower-middle-income countries). The availability of five hospital facilities was inversely associated with mortality: ultrasound, CT scanner, critical care unit, opioid analgesia, and oncologist. After adjustment for case-mix and country income group, hospitals with three or fewer of these facilities (62 hospitals, 1294 patients) had higher mortality compared with those with four or five (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3·85 [95% CI 2·58–5·75]; p<0·0001), with excess mortality predominantly explained by a limited capacity to rescue following the development of major complications (63·0% vs 82·7%; OR 0·35 [0·23–0·53]; p<0·0001). Across LMICs, improvements in hospital facilities would prevent one to three deaths for every 100 patients undergoing surgery for cancer. Interpretation: Hospitals with higher levels of infrastructure and resources have better outcomes after cancer surgery, independent of country income. Without urgent strengthening of hospital infrastructure and resources, the reductions in cancer-associated mortality associated with improved access will not be realised. Funding: National Institute for Health and Care Research