Informational Lights from Service Science for the progression of Society

That the Age of Enlightenment of the 17th and 18th centuries, the spirit of reason, science, humanism and progress, as opposed to obscurantism, has led to the emergence of scientific, disruptive knowledge, even regarding the foundations of Society, is indisputable to anyone using their reason. Thus, were brought about great transformations of Society, which took place. In our time, digital technologies, through enabling observations of otherwise invisible phenomena, induce also a multitude of disruptive practices. As this effect and its inevitable implications continue to accelerate into the future, their integration into the progression of Society and enterprise is now absolutely imperative. The intention of this book is to bring out the intelligence of the progression of Society or of enterprise by enabling the intelligence of living together (Human Sciences), the intelligence of solutions (Natural Sciences) and the intelligence of the artificial (Sciences of Engineering, including the Digital), to connect together through the informational intelligence of services. Such a connection is established thanks to Service Science. It forms the base for the Informational Lights. Michel Léonard is a professor at the University of Geneva since 1977 in Information Systems and Service Science. He has been the initiator of numerous courses and curricula including the Franco-Swiss European DEA MATIS, and of the IESS (International Conference on Exploring Service Science) series of international scientific conferences. His research has focused on the one hand on methods for the design and evolution of information systems, and on the other hand on the creation of database management systems in accordance with these methods. They now focus on Service Science by adding the informational dimension

Inventaire de certaines pratiques de scénarisation et d'indexation des scénarios par métadonnées

Tiré de l'écran-titre (visionné le 27 juin 2017).Le présent rapport vise deux objectifs : faire un inventaire de certaines pratiques de scénarisation et de référencement des scénarios par métadonnées pour chacun des 3 ordres d’enseignement et recueillir des exemples diversifiés et représentatifs de scénarios sous divers formats et intégrer les scénarios à un répertoire existant où les scénarios sont référencés par métadonnées

Modèles et métadonnées pour les scénarios pédagogiques

Tiré de l'écran-titre (visionné le 27 juin 2017).Ce rapport présente plusieurs formes de représentation des scénarios proposés par des normes. Ces modèles de scénarios sont comparés entre eux et discutés en fonction de la pratique actuelle aux trois ordres d’enseignement quant aux scénarios ou aux activités pédagogiques décrites dans les référentiels de ressources éducatives. De plus, le rapport présente une analyse des pratiques actuelles de référencement des scénarios à l’aide de la norme LOM et de la spécification Normetic 1.2 largement utilisées

Ontologie de description et vocabulaire de métadonnées pour les scénarios pédagogiques

Tiré de l'écran-titre (visionné le 27 juin 2017).Le présent document franchit une étape clef en ce sens en présentant, une ontologie de description et un vocabulaire de métadonnées pour les scénarios pédagogiques. Nous construisons d’abord un modèle ontologique OWL-DL, puis définissons et illustrons les principales propriétés de la classe « scénario pédagogique »

Lumières informationnelles de la Science de Service éclairant la progression de la Société

L’esprit des Lumières du XVII–XVIIIe siècle, celui de la raison, de la science, de l’humanisme et du progrès – par opposition à l’obscurantisme, a conduit à l’émergence de connaissances scientifiques disruptives – même en ce qui concerne les fondements de la Société – et indiscutables pour quiconque fait appel à sa raison. Il a ainsi induit de nombreuses transformations dans tous les secteurs de la Société. Aujourd’hui, dans tous les secteurs de la Société, les technologies numériques, présentes et futures, induisent l’émergence d’une multitude de connaissances disruptives de phénomènes invisibles sans elles, ainsi que d’une multitude de pratiques disruptives impossibles sans elles. Il s’agit de les intégrer dans une progression de la Société ou d’une entreprise. Ce livre a pour objet de faire ressortir l’intelligence de la progression de la Société ou de l’entreprise en permettant à l’intelligence du vivre ensemble (Sciences humaines), à l’intelligence des solutions (Sciences exactes) et à l’intelligence de l’artificiel (Sciences de l’ingénieur, y compris le numérique), de se relier entre elles par l’intelligence informationnelle des services. Une telle connexion est établie grâce à la science des services. Elle constitue la base des Lumières informationnelles. Michel Léonard est professeur de l’université de Genève depuis 1977 en systèmes d’information et Science de Service. Il a été l’initiateur de nombreux cours et cursus dont le DEA MATIS franco-suisse ainsi que de la série de conférences internationales scientifiques IESS (International Conference on Exploring Service Science). Ses recherches ont porté d’une part sur des méthodes de conception et d’évolution des systèmes d’information, et d’autre part, sur la réalisation de systèmes de gestion de bases de données en concordance avec ces méthodes. Elles portent maintenant sur la Science de Service en y apportant la dimension informationnelle

Information Systems Evolution: A Process Model for Integrating New Services

Integration of different components that compose enterprise Information System (IS) represents a big challenge in the IS development. However, it is indispensable in order to avoid fragmentation of the IS and redundancy between different IS applications. In this work we consider service-driven IS engineering as a prospective approach to deal with IS fragmentation and interoperability of different IS components. We introduce the notion of Information System Service (ISS) and propose a process model supporting legacy IS evolution by integration of new services. We claim that such an approach has to take into account a large number of integration situations and therefore has to be built by applying situational method engineering principals and defined as a collection of reusable method chunks

A comprehensive model of the optical spectra of carbon nanotubes on substrate by polarized microscopy

Polarized optical microscopy and spectroscopy are progressively becoming key methods for the high-throughput characterization of individual carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and other one-dimensional nanostructures, on substrate and in devices. The optical response of CNTs on substrate in cross polarization experiments is usually limited by the polarization conservation of the optical elements in the experimental setup. We developed a theoretical model taking into account the depolarization by the setup and the optical response of the substrate. We show that proper modelization of the experimental data requires to take into account both non-coherent and coherent light depolarization by the optical elements. We also show how the nanotube signal can be decoupled from the complex reflection factor of the anti-reflection substrate which is commonly used to enhance the optical contrast. Finally, we describe an experimental protocol to extract the depolarization parameters and the complex nanotube susceptibility, and how it can improve the chirality assignment of individual carbon nanotubes in complex cases.Comment: 10 pages, 7 Figures, submitted to PRB. A supplementary information completes this pape

Analysis of micro-seismicity in sea ice with deep learning and Bayesian inference: application to high-resolution thickness monitoring

In the perspective of upcoming seasonally ice-free Arctic, understanding the dynamics of sea ice in the changing climate is a major challenge in oceanography and climatology. In particular, the new generation of sea ice models will require fine parameterization of sea ice thickness and rheology. With the rapidly evolving state of sea ice, achieving better accuracy, as well as finer temporal and spatial resolutions of its thickness will set new monitoring standards, with major scientific and geopolitical implications. Recent studies have shown the potential of passive seismology to monitor the thickness, density and elastic properties of sea ice with significantly reduced logistical constraints. For example, human intervention is no longer required, except to install and uninstall the geophones. Building up on this approach, we introduce a methodology for estimating sea ice thickness with high spatial and temporal resolutions from the analysis of icequakes waveforms. This methodology is based on a deep convolutional neural network for automatic clustering of the ambient seismicity recorded on sea ice, combined with a Bayesian inversion of the clustered waveforms. By applying this approach to seismic data recorded in March 2019 on fast ice in the Van Mijen fjord (Svalbard), we observe the spatial clustering of icequakes sources along the shore line of the fjord. The ice thickness is shown to follow an increasing trend that is consistent with the evolution of temperatures during the four weeks of data recording. Comparing the energy of the icequakes with that of calibrated seismic sources, we were able to derive a power law of icequake energy, and to relate this energy to the size of the cracks that generate the icequakes.</p

Static and dynamic posture control in postlingual cochlear implanted patients: effects of dual-tasking, visual and auditory inputs suppression

Posture control is based on central integration of multisensory inputs, and on internal representation of body orientation in space. This multisensory feedback regulates posture control and continuously updates the internal model of body's position which in turn forwards motor commands adapted to the environmental context and constraints. The peripheral localization of the vestibular system, close to the cochlea, makes vestibular damage possible following cochlear implant (CI) surgery. Impaired vestibular function in CI patients, if any, may have a strong impact on posture stability. The simple postural task of quiet standing is generally paired with cognitive activity in most day life conditions, leading therefore to competition for attentional resources in dual-tasking, and increased risk of fall particularly in patients with impaired vestibular function. This study was aimed at evaluating the effects of postlingual cochlear implantation on posture control in adult deaf patients. Possible impairment of vestibular function was assessed by comparing the postural performance of patients to that of age-matched healthy subjects during a simple postural task performed in static (stable platform) and dynamic (platform in translation) conditions, and during dual-tasking with a visual or auditory memory task. Postural tests were done in eyes open (EO) and eyes closed (EC) conditions, with the CI activated (ON) or not (OFF). Results showed that the postural performance of the CI patients strongly differed from the controls, mainly in the EC condition. The CI patients showed significantly reduced limits of stability and increased postural instability in static conditions. In dynamic conditions, they spent considerably more energy to maintain equilibrium, and their head was stabilized neither in space nor on trunk: they behaved dynamically without vision like an inverted pendulum while the controls showed a whole body rigidification strategy. Hearing (prosthesis on) as well as dual-tasking did not really improve the dynamic postural performance of the CI patients. We conclude that CI patients become strongly visual dependent mainly in challenging postural conditions, a result they have to be awarded of particularly when getting older