Modelling wave-induced current at haeundae beach on orthogonal curvilinear grid by using CST3D

Haeundae Beach is sandy beach at Busan, Korea. Haeundae Beach is about 1.5 km- long enclosed by two headlands. The normal direction of the beach is between south and south-east. Tidal current at the site is not negligible, and waves are relatively high during monsoon and winter seasons. Currents were measured at nine points along Haeundae Beach on 4 June 2008 by using GPS-equipped drogues. Bathymetry around Haeundae Beach was surveyed on 7 August 2007 and 12 November 2007 by using an echo-sounder; wave, tide, and tidal current were measured between the two survey days, so that bathymetric change at the beach was obtained from the two surveys. The measured current vectors may include wave- induced current element, tidal current element, and wind-induced current. Seasonal sediment transport pattern at Haeundae Beach, Busan, Korea is known to be simple, according to previous observation. Typically sediment moves eastward, while sediment moves westward in winter. Tidal current contributes to long-term bathymetric change at the beach by transporting small-sized sediment

Mediastinal lymphoma in a young Turkish Angora cat

An 8-month old intact male Turkish Angora cat was referred to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital (VMTH), Seoul National University, for an evaluation of anorexia and severe dyspnea. The thoracic radiographs revealed significant pleural effusion. A cytology evaluation of the pleural fluid strongly suggested a lymphoma containing variable sized lymphocytes with frequent mitotic figures and prominent nucleoli. The feline leukemia virus and feline immunodeficiency virus tests were negative. The cat was euthanized at his owner's request and a necropsy was performed. A mass was detected on the mediastinum and lung lobes. A histopathology evaluation confirmed the mass to be a lymphoma. Immunohistochemistry revealed the mass to be CD3 positive. In conclusion, the cat was diagnosed as a T-cell mediastinal lymphoma

A Case of Portal Vein Thrombosis by Protein C and S Deficiency Completely Recanalized by Anticoagulation Therapy

Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a rare form of venous thrombosis that affects the hepatic portal vein flow, which can lead to portal hypertension. Treatment of PVT includes anticoagulants, thrombolysis, insertion of shunts, bypass surgery, and liver transplantation. Single anticoagulation therapy is not regarded as a curative treatment but can be associated with a reduction in new thrombotic episodes. We experienced a case of acute total occlusion of PVT provoked by protein C and S deficiency syndrome. PVT was completely recanalized with oral anticoagulant therapy following low molecular weight heparin therapy

Bacterial Uracil Modulates Drosophila DUOX-Dependent Gut Immunity via Hedgehog-Induced Signaling Endosomes

SummaryGenetic studies in Drosophila have demonstrated that generation of microbicidal reactive oxygen species (ROS) through the NADPH dual oxidase (DUOX) is a first line of defense in the gut epithelia. Bacterial uracil acts as DUOX-activating ligand through poorly understood mechanisms. Here, we show that the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway modulates uracil-induced DUOX activation. Uracil-induced Hh signaling is required for intestinal expression of the calcium-dependent cell adhesion molecule Cadherin 99C (Cad99C) and subsequent Cad99C-dependent formation of endosomes. These endosomes play essential roles in uracil-induced ROS production by acting as signaling platforms for PLCβ/PKC/Ca2+-dependent DUOX activation. Animals with impaired Hh signaling exhibit abolished Cad99C-dependent endosome formation and reduced DUOX activity, resulting in high mortality during enteric infection. Importantly, endosome formation, DUOX activation, and normal host survival are restored by genetic reintroduction of Cad99C into enterocytes, demonstrating the important role for Hh signaling in host resistance to enteric infection

Intra-wave-phase cross-shore profile modelling by using boundary-fitted slowly moving grid

Coastal bed profile change is described by bed load, pick-up, and settling on a boundary-fitted moving grid. Existing bed load formula is modified by changing threshold bed shear stress to reflect local bed slope. A numerical model system adopting the above function is developed to simulate cross-shore sediment transport around swash zone with steep bed slope as well as surf zone. The model system adopts a moving boundary grid which fits bed boundary slope, and other horizontal grid lines are parallel to the bed grid line. The model system is composed of flow module and sediment transport module. The flow module solves continuity equation and Reynolds-average Navier-Stokes momentum equations in intra-wave-phase manner. The flow module provides detailed flow information including near-bed fluid velocity which varies asymmetrically within a regular wave period near sea-bed and wave-phase average undertow profile of main fluid body including wave boundary layer. The sediment transport module solves sediment mass conservation equation. Exchange of sediment mass between bed itself and fluid column containing suspended sediment happens through pick-up and deposition. Wild bed level undulation is controlled by using a smoothing method. Model system is applied to two extreme cases of sand experiments by Kajima et al., and reasonable agreements between measurements and computations are obtained for both onshore-dominant and offshore-dominant cases

Enhanced heat transfer is dependent on thickness of graphene films: the heat dissipation during boiling

Boiling heat transfer (BHT) is a particularly efficient heat transport method because of the latent heat associated with the process. However, the efficiency of BHT decreases significantly with increasing wall temperature when the critical heat flux (CHF) is reached. Graphene has received much recent research attention for applications in thermal engineering due to its large thermal conductivity. In this study, graphene films of various thicknesses were deposited on a heated surface, and enhancements of BHT and CHF were investigated via pool-boiling experiments. In contrast to the well-known surface effects, including improved wettability and liquid spreading due to micron-and nanometer-scale structures, nanometer-scale folded edges of graphene films provided a clue of BHT improvement and only the thermal conductivity of the graphene layer could explain the dependence of the CHF on the thickness. The large thermal conductivity of the graphene films inhibited the formation of hot spots, thereby increasing the CHF. Finally, the provided empirical model could be suitable for prediction of CHF.open111522Nsciescopu

Effects of the Simultaneous Application of Nonlinear Frequency Compression and Dichotic Hearing on the Speech Recognition of Severely Hearing-Impaired Subjects: Simulation Test

ObjectivesThe clinical effects of the simultaneous application of nonlinear frequency compression and dichotic hearing on people with hearing impairments have not been evaluated previously. In this study, the clinical effects of the simultaneous application of these two techniques on the recognition of consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) words with fricatives were evaluated using normal-hearing subjects and a hearing loss simulator operated in the severe hearing loss setting.MethodsA total of 21 normal-hearing volunteers whose native language was English were recruited for this study, and two different hearing loss simulators, which were configured for severe hearing loss in the high-frequency range, were utilized. The subjects heard 82 English CVC words, and the word recognition score and response time were measured.ResultsThe experimental results demonstrated that the simultaneous application of these two techniques showed almost even performance compared to the sole application of nonlinear frequency compression in a severe hearing loss setting.ConclusionThough it is generally accepted that dichotic hearing can decrease the spectral masking thresholds of an hearing-impaired person, simultaneous application of the nonlinear frequency compression and dichotic hearing techniques did not significantly improve the recognition of words with fricatives compared to the sole application of nonlinear frequency compression in a severe hearing loss setting

Primary Cardiac Lymphoma Presenting With Atrioventricular Block

Primary cardiac lymphomas (PCL) are extremely rare. Clinical manifestations may be variable and are attributed to location. Here, we report on a case of PCL presenting with atrioventricular (AV) block. A 55 year-old male had experienced chest discomfort with unexplained dyspnea and night sweating. His initial electrocardiogram (ECG) revealed a first degree AV block. Along with worsening chest discomfort and dyspnea, his ECG changed to show second degree AV block (Mobitz type I). Computed tomography (CT) scan showed a cardiac mass (about 7 cm) and biopsy was performed. Pathologic finding confirmed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. The patient was treated with multi-drug combination chemotherapy (R-CHOP: Rituximab, cyclophoshamide, anthracycline, vincristine, and prednisone). After treatment, ECG changed to show normal sinus rhythm with complete remission on follow-up CT scan