Long-Term Outcome after Bone Marrow Transplantation for Aplastic Anemia Using Cyclophosphamide and Total Lymphoid Irradiation as Conditioning Regimen

AbstractWe retrospectively studied 49 patients in a single institute to evaluate the long-term outcome of total lymphoid irradiation (TLI) conditioning for allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) to treat aplastic anemia (AA). Most of the patients had received transfusions and had undergone previous treatment, with 33 receiving related transplants and 16 receiving unrelated transplants. Conditioning consisted of cyclophosphamide (Cy; 200 mg/kg) plus TLI (750 cGy) for related transplantation and Cy plus total body irradiation (TBI; 500 cGy) and TLI (500 cGy) for unrelated transplantation. Antithymocyte globulin (ATG) was added for 6 of the unrelated transplantations. Graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) prophylaxis consisted mainly of cyclosporine (CSA) and methotrexate (MTX). Graft failure developed in 2 patients (4.1%). With a median follow-up of 7 years, overall survival (OS) was 81% and was not statistically significantly different between the patients receiving related transplants and those receiving unrelated transplants. In multivariate analyses, a history of previous treatment with ATG was the sole factor associated with a worse survival rate, and the interval from diagnosis to treatment was not prognostic. The incidence of acute (grade II to IV) GVHD (aGVHD) was 23%, and that of chronic GVHD (cGVHD) was 29%. Female-to-male transplantation was the sole factor associated with chronic GVHD. B cell lymphoproliferative disorder developed only after the ATG-containing conditioning. No other secondary malignancies developed after long-term follow-up. Our findings suggest that TLI conditioning is feasible and effective for patients with AA

Application of Deep Learning in the Identification of Cerebral Hemodynamics Data Obtained from Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy: A Preliminary Study of Pre- and Post-Tooth Clenching Assessment

In fields using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), there is a need for an easy-to-understand method that allows visual presentation and rapid analysis of data and test results. This preliminary study examined whether deep learning (DL) could be applied to the analysis of fNIRS-derived brain activity data. To create a visual presentation of the data, an imaging program was developed for the analysis of hemoglobin (Hb) data from the prefrontal cortex in healthy volunteers, obtained by fNIRS before and after tooth clenching. Three types of imaging data were prepared: oxygenated hemoglobin (oxy-Hb) data, deoxygenated hemoglobin (deoxy-Hb) data, and mixed data (using both oxy-Hb and deoxy-Hb data). To differentiate between rest and tooth clenching, a cross-validation test using the image data for DL and a convolutional neural network was performed. The network identification rate using Hb imaging data was relatively high (80‒90%). These results demonstrated that a method using DL for the assessment of fNIRS imaging data may provide a useful analysis system

Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Predictive implications of albumin and C-reactive protein for progression to pneumonia and poor prognosis in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia bacteremia following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

The Receiver Operating Characteristics curve analysis for the cut-off value of albumin (a and b) and CRP (c and d). (PPTX 50 kb