Fast-Response and Flexible Nanocrystal-Based Humidity Sensor for Monitoring Human Respiration and Water Evaporation on Skin

We develop a fast-response and flexible nanocrystal-based humidity sensor for real-time monitoring of human activity: respiration and water evaporation on skin. A silicon-nanocrystal film is formed on a polyimide film by spin-coating the colloidal solution and is used as a flexible and humidity-sensitive material in a humidity sensor. The flexible nanocrystal-based humidity sensor shows a high sensitivity; current through the nanocrystal film changes by 5 orders of magnitude in the relative humidity range of 8–83%. The response/recovery time of the sensor is 40 ms. Thanks to the fast response and recovery time, the sensor can monitor human respiration and water evaporation on skin in real time. Due to the flexibility and the fast response/recovery time, the sensor is promising for application in personal health monitoring as well as environmental monitoring

Fast-Response and Flexible Nanocrystal-Based Humidity Sensor for Monitoring Human Respiration and Water Evaporation on Skin

We develop a fast-response and flexible nanocrystal-based humidity sensor for real-time monitoring of human activity: respiration and water evaporation on skin. A silicon-nanocrystal film is formed on a polyimide film by spin-coating the colloidal solution and is used as a flexible and humidity-sensitive material in a humidity sensor. The flexible nanocrystal-based humidity sensor shows a high sensitivity; current through the nanocrystal film changes by 5 orders of magnitude in the relative humidity range of 8–83%. The response/recovery time of the sensor is 40 ms. Thanks to the fast response and recovery time, the sensor can monitor human respiration and water evaporation on skin in real time. Due to the flexibility and the fast response/recovery time, the sensor is promising for application in personal health monitoring as well as environmental monitoring

Additional file 3: of Methionyl-tRNA synthetase overexpression is associated with poor clinical outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer

Supporting data 3.pptx Expression of MRS and other related proteins in human NSCLC (A) and their correlation Table (B). (A) The expression of proteins was evaluated by IHC in tissue samples from the same section. (B) Pearson correlation coefficient table relative to the expression of MRS expression. P-value was obtained from bivariate correlation analysis. (PPTX 2398 kb

Growth of WT (CH1018, A) and GlmS⁻ (CKS1001, B) mutant <i>E. coli</i> in the minimal media with supplementations.

<p>∼5×10⁵ CFU/ml of bacteria were inoculated in the M9 media containing indicated supplementations, grown for 24 hrs at 37°C, and total numbers of bacteria were enumerated on minimal media plates containing 500 mM GlcNAc. Final concentrations of each organ extracts were 0.2 mg/ml.</p

Phenotype of GlmS⁻ mutant <i>E. coli</i>.

<p>(A) Growth of GlmS⁻ mutant <i>E. coli</i> under various media conditions. GlmS⁻ mutant <i>E. coli</i> (CKS1001, open circles) and GlmS⁻ mutant <i>E. coli</i> carrying <i>^E.cGlmS⁺p</i> (closed circles) grown overnight in LB supplemented with 0.2% GlcNAc were diluted 50-fold in minimal media or media supplemented with 0.2% GlcNAc (open triangles) and grown for 24 hrs. Wild-type parental <i>E. coli</i> (CH1436, closed triangles) were grown in the same way in minimal media. Samples were taken at the indicated times for CFU determination on supplemented LB plates. (B) GlmS⁻ mutant (CKS1001) or parental wild-type <i>E. coli</i> (CH1436) carrying ϕ<i>hdeAB</i>p:<i>lacZYA</i> grown overnight in LB supplemented with 0.2% GlcNAc were diluted 50-fold in minimal media and grown for 5 hrs. β-galactosidase activity (A₄₂₀/min/ml) in the supernatants and lysed pellets was determined. (C) GlmS⁻ mutant bacteria (CKS1001) carrying <i>^E.cGlmS⁺pGFP</i> or <i>pGFP</i> grown overnight in LB supplemented with 0.2% GlcNAc were diluted 50-fold in minimal media and cultured for the indicated times. Wild-type parental <i>E. coli</i> (CH1436) carrying <i>pGFP</i> was grown the same way in minimal media. Samples were taken at the indicated times, the supernatant (<i>s</i>) and pellet (<i>p</i>) fractions were isolated, and the fractions were separated by 12% SDS-PAGE for determination of GFP by Western blotting.</p

Maintenance of <i>^S.tGlmS⁺p</i> in <i>S. typhimurium</i> proliferating in tumor tissues.

<p><i>SMR2130</i> (GlmS⁻) and <i>SKS1002</i> (WT) strains carrying <i>^S.tGlmS⁺pLux</i> (3×10⁷ CFU), were injected intravenously into mouse bearing 4T-1 (mouse breast cancer) or ASPC-1 (human pancreatic cancer). Tumor tissue were sampled at 7 days after the injection, homogenized, spread on LB plates containing kanamycin and chloramphenicol and/or amphicilin, and enumerated total number of bacteria (Km^R Cm^R) and those carrying plasmid(Amp^R).</p

Plasmid maintenance in <i>E. coli</i> using the <i>glmS</i> system.

<p>GlmS⁻ mutant bacteria (CKS1001) or the parental strain (CH1436) carrying <i>^E.cGlmS⁺p</i> were subcultured (1/1000) in minimal media every 12 hrs. The fraction of bacteria carrying <i>^E.cGlmS⁺p</i> at the indicated time was determined on GlcNAc-supplemented LB plates containing ampicillin (50 mg/ml).</p

Bacterial strains and plasmids used in this study.

<p>Bacterial strains and plasmids used in this study.</p

Maintenance of <i>^s.tGlmS⁺p</i> in <i>S. typhimurium</i> proliferating in tumor tissue.

<p>(A) GlmS⁻ mutant (SKS1002, A) and parental <i>Salmonellae</i> (SHJ2037, B) carrying <i>^s.tGlmS⁺p</i> were injected into CT26 tumor-bearing mice through the tail vein (3×10⁷ CFU). Tumor tissues were sampled on the indicated days, homogenized, and spread on GlcNAc-supplemented LB plates containing kanamycin and chloramphenicol for the enumeration of total number of bacteria and ampicillin for the determination of plasmid-carrying bacteria.</p

Targeting and proliferation of various mutant <i>E. coli</i> strains in CT26 tumor-bearing mice.

<p>GlmS⁻ mutant bacteria (CKS1001), GlmS⁻ mutant bacteria carrying <i>^E.cGlmS⁺ p</i>, Asd⁻ mutant bacteria (HJ1019), and the parental wild-type <i>E. coli</i> (CH1436) were injected into CT26 tumor-bearing mice through the tail vein (1×10⁸ CFU), and the number of bacteria in the tumor tissues were counted at the indicated days by determining the number of CFU.</p