Pengaruh Tingkat Inflasi, Tingkat Suku Bunga SBI, Nilai Tukar Rupiah, Indeks Dow Jones, Dan Indeks Klse Terhadap Indeks Harga Saham Gabungan (Ihsg) Studi Pada Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode Januari 2010 – Desember 2013

This research aimed to know the effect of inflation rate, SBI rate, Rupiah exchange rate, Dow Jones index, KLSE index towards Composite Stock Price Index (CSPI). Types of research used in explanatory research with quantitative approach. The sample was based on monthly time series data from January 2010 - December 2013, used full sampling method which consist of 48 samples. This research used multiple linear regression method. The value coefficient of determination (R2) 0,84, means the independent variables inflation rate, SBI rate, Rupiah exchange rate, Dow Jones index, KLSE index, explain the dependent variable Composite Stock Price Index (CSPI) up to 84% and the remaining 16% explained by the other that had not been examined. Simultaneous test result (F test), indicating that inflation rate, SBI rate, Rupiah exchange rate, Dow Jones index, KLSE index has significant effect on the Composite Stock Price Index (CSPI) simultaneously. Partial test result (t test), indicates that inflation rate showed a insignificant influence on CSPI, while SBI rate and Rupiah exchange rate had a negative effect and significant to CSPI, Dow Jones index and KLSE index had a positive and significant to CSPI. The most dominant influential variable in this research is Dow Jones Index

Additional file 1: Table S1. of Abnormal gene expression in regular and aggregated somatic cell nuclear transfer placentas

List of primers used for real-time PCR. Genes from five SCNT placentas and three control placentas were analyzed. Twelve genes from different categories were chosen for qRT-PCR analyses. The gene for β-actin was used as the endogenous control. (PPTX 65 kb

GRK5-Knockout Mice Generated by TALEN-Mediated Gene Targeting

<p>Transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) are a new type of engineered nuclease that is very effective for directed gene disruption in any genome sequence. We investigated the generation of mice with genetic knockout (KO) of the G protein-coupled receptor kinase (GRK) 5 gene by microinjection of TALEN mRNA. TALEN vectors were designed to target exons 1, 3, and 5 of the mouse GRK5 gene. Flow cytometry showed that the activity of the TALEN mRNAs targeted to exons 1, 3, and 5 was 8.7%, 9.7%, and 12.7%, respectively. The TALEN mRNA for exon 5 was injected into the cytoplasm of 180 one-cell embryos. Of the 53 newborns, three (5.6%) were mutant founders (F₀) with mutations. Two clones from F₀28 showed a 45-bp deletion and F₀39 showed the same biallelic non-frame-shifting 3-bp deletions. Three clones from F₀41 were shown to possess a combination of frame-shifting 2-bp deletions. All of the mutations were transmitted through the germline but not to all progenies (37.5%, 37.5%, and 57.1% for the F₀28, F₀39, and F₀41 lines, respectively). The homozygote GRK5-KO mice for 28 and 41 lines created on F3 progenies and the homozygous genotype was confirmed by PCR, T7E1 assay and sequencing.</p

Transcriptional Regulation of Two Conceptus Interferon Tau Genes Expressed in Japanese Black Cattle during Peri-Implantation Period

<div><p>Interferon tau (IFNT), produced by the mononuclear trophectoderm, signals the process of maternal recognition of pregnancy in ruminants. However, its expression <i>in vivo</i> and its transcriptional regulation are not yet well characterized. Objectives of this study were to determine conceptus <i>IFNT</i> gene isoforms expressed in the bovine uterus and to identify differences in promoter sequences of <i>IFNT</i> genes that differ in their expression. RNA-seq data analysis of bovine conceptuses on days 17, 20, and 22 (day 0  =  day of estrus) detected the expression of two <i>IFNT</i> transcripts, <i>IFNT1</i> and <i>IFNTc1</i>, which were indeed classified into the <i>IFNT</i> gene clade. RNA-seq and quantitative RT-PCR analyses also revealed that the expression levels of both <i>IFNT</i> mRNAs were highest on day 17, and then decreased on days 20 and 22. Bovine ear-derived fibroblast (EF) cells, a model system commonly used for bovine <i>IFNT</i> gene transcription study in this laboratory, were cotransfected with luciferase reporter constructs carrying upstream (positions −637 to +51) regions of <i>IFNT1</i> or <i>IFNTc1</i> gene and various transcription factor expression plasmids including <i>CDX2</i>, AP-1 (<i>Jun</i>) and <i>ETS2</i>. CDX2, either alone or with the other transcription factors, markedly increased luciferase activity. The upstream regions of <i>IFNT1</i> and <i>IFNTc1</i> loci were then serially deleted or point-mutated at potential CDX-, AP-1-, and ETS-binding sites. Compared to the wild-type constructs, deletion or mutation at CDX2 or ETS2 binding sites similarly reduced the luciferase activities of <i>IFNT1-</i> or <i>IFNTc1</i>-promoter constructs. However, with the AP-1 site mutated construct, <i>IFNT1</i>- and <i>IFNTc1-</i>reporters behaved differently. These results suggest that two forms of bovine conceptus <i>IFNT</i> genes are expressed <i>in utero</i> and their transcriptional regulations differ.</p></div

Primers for generating various <i>IFNT1/IFNTc1</i>-reporter constructs with deletions.

<p>Primers for generating various <i>IFNT1/IFNTc1</i>-reporter constructs with deletions.</p

Transcriptional activity of the <i>IFNT1</i>- and <i>IFNTc1</i>-reporter constructs with point mutations at potential AP-1-binding sites.

<p>Upper: Nucleotide changes in AP-1 site mutated construct (AP1mt). Lower: The <i>IFNT1</i> and <i>IFNTc1</i> constructs, along with the pSG5 plasmid (Mock) or <i>Jun</i> expression plasmid, were cotransfected into EF cells, and the luciferase activity was determined. Results were expressed as luciferase activity relative to that of the -637-<i>IFNT1</i>- and -637-<i>IFNTc1</i>-reporter constructs (WT), respectively, without any expression plasmid (Mock). Values represent mean ± SEM from four independent experiments with replicate within each experiment. *Statistically significant difference in luciferase activity (<i>p</i> < 0.05) when compared to that of the control (wild type without an expression plasmid).</p

Levels of <i>IFNT1</i> and <i>IFNTc1</i> mRNAs in bovine conceptuses during early pregnancy.

<p>RNA-seq analysis was executed on RNAs extracted from days 17, 20, and 22 bovine conceptuses. Reads per kilobase of exon per million mapped reads (RPKM), number of short-tags mapped to each gene, has been corrected for the length of a gene, as previously published <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0080427#pone.0080427-Nakagawa1" target="_blank">[19]</a>. Real-time PCR (qPCR) analysis was then used to determine the amounts of <i>IFNT1</i> and <i>IFNTc1</i> mRNAs in days 17, 20, and 22 bovine conceptuses (n = 3 each, solid black bar on the left). RNA extracted from frozen conceptuses was subjected to qPCR analysis with primers: forward, 5′-CAGAAAAGACTTTGGTCTTCC-3′; reverse, 5′-AGAGAGGGCTCTCATCATCTC-3′. <i>ACTB</i> was used as an internal control <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0080427#pone.0080427-Sakurai2" target="_blank">[21]</a>, <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0080427#pone.0080427-Bai1" target="_blank">[22]</a>. *Statistically significant differences in <i>IFNT</i> mRNA levels (<i>p</i> < 0.05) when compared to that of day 17.</p

Transcriptional activity of the <i>IFNT1</i>- and <i>IFNTc1</i>-reporter constructs with point mutations at potential ETS-binding sites.

<p>Upper: Nucleotide changes in ETS2 site mutated construct (ETS2mt). Lower: The <i>IFNT1</i> and <i>IFNTc1</i> constructs, along with the pSG5 plasmid (Mock) or <i>ETS2</i> expression plasmid, were cotransfected into EF cells, and the luciferase activity was determined. Results were expressed as luciferase activity relative to that of the -637-<i>IFNT1</i>- and -637-<i>IFNTc1</i>-reporter constructs (WT), respectively, without any expression plasmid (Mock). Values represent mean ± SEM from four independent experiments with replicate within each experiment. *Statistically significant difference in luciferase activity (<i>p</i> < 0.05) when compared to that of the control (wild type without an expression plasmid).</p

Primers for generating <i>IFNT1/IFNTc1</i>-reporter constructs with mutations at CDX2-, AP-1-, and ETS2-binding sites.

<p>Primers for generating <i>IFNT1/IFNTc1</i>-reporter constructs with mutations at CDX2-, AP-1-, and ETS2-binding sites.</p

Examination of the effect of CDX2, AP-1 (JUN) or ETS2 on transcriptional activity of <i>IFNT1</i> and <i>IFNTc1</i> deletion constructs.

<p>A reporter construct containing various lengths of fragments from the upstream regions of <i>IFNT1</i> and <i>IFNTc1</i> genes were cotransfected into EF cells with <i>Cdx2</i> (upper) or AP-1 (<i>Jun</i>, middle), or <i>ETS2</i> (lower) expression plasmid, and the luciferase activity was determined. Transfection with the pSG5 (Mock) plasmid was used as an internal control. Results were expressed as the luciferase activity relative to that of the -637-<i>IFNT1</i> and -637-<i>IFNTc1</i>-reporter constructs (WT), respectively, without any expression plasmid (Mock). Values represent mean ± SEM from four independent experiments with replicate within each experiment. * and # indicate statistically significant difference in luciferase activity (<i>p</i> < 0.05) when compared to that of the control (wild type without an expression plasmid) and difference within the treated group, respectively.</p