Многоканальная микропроцессорная система контроля массы муки на основе AVR-микроконтроллера

У сучасних умовах для багатьох підприємств нашої країни, у тому числі тих, що вироблюють харчову продукцію, існує проблема модернізації виробництва через те, що технологічне обладнання, системи автоматизації та вимірювальні системи працюють по декілька десятків років. Запропоновано модернізовану систему контролю маси борошна.In modern condition of the development of our countries for many enterprise, including that, which concern with the production to food product, exists the problem a modernization of production, because of that that technological equipment, systems automation and measuring systems slave-melt on several groups of ten of the years. The modernization of control system of the flour mass is offered.В современных условиях для многих предприятий нашей страны, в том числе и тех, которые занимаются производством пищевой продукции, существует проблема модернизации производства из-за того, что технологическое оборудование, системы автоматизации и измерительные системы работают по несколько десятков лет. Предложена модернизированная система контроля массы муки

Exact Pair Production Rate for a Smooth Potential Step

We derive the exact rate of pair production of oppositely charged scalar particles by a smooth potential proportional to tanh kz in three dimensions. As a check we recover from this the known results for an infinitely sharp step as well as for a uniform electric field.Comment: Removed the labels and improved the pape

Probability Theory Compatible with the New Conception of Modern Thermodynamics. Economics and Crisis of Debts

We show that G\"odel's negative results concerning arithmetic, which date back to the 1930s, and the ancient "sand pile" paradox (known also as "sorites paradox") pose the questions of the use of fuzzy sets and of the effect of a measuring device on the experiment. The consideration of these facts led, in thermodynamics, to a new one-parameter family of ideal gases. In turn, this leads to a new approach to probability theory (including the new notion of independent events). As applied to economics, this gives the correction, based on Friedman's rule, to Irving Fisher's "Main Law of Economics" and enables us to consider the theory of debt crisis.Comment: 48p., 14 figs., 82 refs.; more precise mathematical explanations are added. arXiv admin note: significant text overlap with arXiv:1111.610

Pseudogap phase formation in the crossover from Bose-Einstein condensation to BCS superconductivity

A phase diagram for a 2D metal with variable carrier density has been derived. It consists of a normal phase, where the order parameter is absent; a so-called ``abnormal normal'' phase where this parameter is also absent but the mean number of composite bosons (bound pairs) exceeds the mean number of free fermions; a pseudogap phase where the absolute value of the order parameter gradually increases but its phase is a random value, and finally a superconducting (here Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless) phase. The characteristic transition temperatures between these phases are found. The chemical potential and paramagnetic susceptibility behavior as functions of the fermion density and the temperature are also studied. An attempt is made to qualitatively compare the resulting phase diagram with the features of underdoped high-$T_{c}$ superconducting compounds above their critical temperature.Comment: 26 pages, revtex, 5 EMTeX figures; more discussion and references added; to be published in JET

Моделирование аналогового интерфейса для дистанционных измерений

This work is aimed at finding possibilities for increasing the accuracy of measurements and interfering analog interfaces for remote measurements using resistive strain gauges by introducing a new structural scheme, which is shown on the Fig. 1. It shows us the Schematic of the electrical functional analog interface for remote measurement using multiplexer and resistive strain gauges, which contains a measuring chain, a transmitter, the input of which is connected to a DC source through an analog demultiplexer, and the outputs of the measuring chain through the analog multiplexer are connected to the measuring amplifier, and a two-channel analog-digital converter with simultaneous sampling. The measuring chain is made in the form of three resistive current dividers, where one divider is formed by a resistive strain gauge and adjusting resistor, and two others – exemplary resistors.By introducing a new structural scheme, it will be possible to increase the accuracy of measurements and impedance of analog interfaces for remote measurements using resistive strain gauges. In this case, unlike the classical method of model measures, this method is distinguished by the «indistinguishability» of the measuring line, which makes it possible to compensate for a greater number of influential factors, in particular, the correlated noise of operational amplifiers and noise caused by the presence of the overall ground loop, the resistance of analogue switches and lines of communication.At the Fig. 2 we can see the electric model of the measuring channel in the software Elektronic Workbench.From the analysis of the simulation results it was found that the random additive component of the error would dominate. Since in the simulation of the only random component of the error there is a quantization error, the use of the differential method of measuring the output voltage will significantly improve the metrological characteristics.Данная работа ориентирована на поиск возможностей по повышению точности дистанционных измерений и помехозащищенность аналоговых интерфейсов централизованного типа с помощью резистивных тензодатчиков путем внедрения новой структурной схемы и способа коррекции ошибок, что позволяет уменьшить уровень ошибок по отношению к известным аналогов в десятки раз.Разработана схема аналогового интерфейса, содержащая измерительную цепь, тензодатчик, вход которого соединен с источником питания через аналоговый демультиплексор, а выходы измерительной цепи через аналоговый мультиплексор подключены к измерительному усилителю, и двухканальный аналого – цифровой преобразователь с одновременной выборкой. Измерительный цепь выполнена в виде трех резистивных делителей тока, где один делитель образован резистивным тензодатчиком и резистором, а два других – образцовыми резисторами.Выполнено моделирование схемы аналогового интерфейса на основе измерительного усилителя с дифференциально – токовыми входами и усовершенствовано схему и алгоритм безрозрывной аддитивно – мультипликативной коррекции, что позволяет уменьшить влияние входных коррелированных шумов операционных усилителей и сетевых наводок на «общее» сопротивление

Ways to increase adherence to antihypertensive therapy

With a high prevalence in the Russian population and insufficient effectiveness of treatment, hypertension remains a poorly controlled cardiovascular risk factor, including due to the low compliance of patients. Noncompliance is due to a large number of factors, some of which were studied in post-hoc analysis of the Russian observational STIL’ and TRICOLOR studies. It demonstrated that fixed-dose combinations of antihypertensive drugs can make a significant contribution to solving such a complex problem as low compliance

Mathematical Conception of "Phenomenological" Equilibrium Thermodynamics

In the paper, the principal aspects of the mathematical theory of equilibrium thermodynamics are distinguished. It is proved that the points of degeneration of a Bose gas of fractal dimension in the momentum space coincide with critical points or real gases, whereas the jumps of critical indices and the Maxwell rule are related to the tunnel generalization of thermodynamics. Semiclassical methods are considered for the tunnel generalization of thermodynamics and also for the second and ultrasecond quantization (operators of creation and annihilation of pairs). To every pure gas there corresponds a new critical point of the limit negative pressure below which the liquid passes to a dispersed state (a foam). Relations for critical points of a homogeneous mixture of pure gases are given in dependence on the concentration of gases.Comment: 37 pages, 9 figure, more precise explanations, more references. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1202.525